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Zhitong Finance APP was informed that Haitong Securities released a research report saying that AI big model training has less demand for temporary rapid expansion of computing power, and private clouds can also shoulder computing power requirements. At the same time, for continuous and large-scale AI training, private cloud has higher efficiency and lower cost. From a completely visible point of view, with the help of private cloud, enterprises can completely control and visualize their network security status, and can customize it to meet their specific needs. The bank believes that the high security of private cloud makes it a more suitable solution. Suggested attention: Pingao (688227.SH) and Qingyun Technology (688316.SH).

The main points of Haitong Securities are as follows:

AI big model training has less demand for temporary rapid expansion of computing power, and private cloud can also shoulder the computing power requirements.

In the past, China’s public cloud market has always occupied the mainstream position of cloud computing. According to China ICT Institute, in 2021, the scale of China’s public cloud market reached 218.1 billion yuan, while the private cloud market was only 104.8 billion yuan in the same period. In the past, the development of the public cloud market was mainly due to the rapid growth of the demand of Internet enterprises in China in recent years, and the process of traditional enterprises going to the cloud was accelerated, while the public cloud had the advantage of flexibility and easy expansion. The bank believes that in this context, enterprises’ demand for cloud is increasing, while public cloud is easier to expand and more suitable for high-speed growth enterprises. The bank believes that in the context of the current rapid development of AI, the demand for rapid expansion of cloud servers is not so strong; Moreover, from another point of view, before the large-scale model training, there is often a preliminary understanding of the training computing power required by the model, and the required computing power will be prepared and laid out in advance, so it is unlikely that a large amount of computing power will be temporarily expanded during the model training, which makes the advantage that there is a cloud that can rapidly expand no longer exist in the field of AI large models, and the private cloud can also support the computing power demand of model training.

For continuous and large-scale AI training, private cloud has higher efficiency and lower cost.

When building a private cloud, the limited budget can be used efficiently by carefully planning hardware, capacity, storage and network configuration. On the other hand, although the public cloud has some advantages in ease of use, these services have great "binding" characteristics. For example, if users use Microsoft’s pre-trained DNN for image processing, they can’t easily run the generated applications on their own servers, and users can’t use Google’s TPU and AuoML tools in non-Google public clouds. However, in the current training of large models, it is necessary to constantly use new data and functions to keep its "freshness". Because the private cloud is only used by a single organization, the enterprise can completely control its software and hardware selection. This high degree of control means that the owner of the private cloud can reconfigure or customize the cloud resources for the task, further improving efficiency. As the big model becomes more and more complex, private clouds can provide greater generality and finer specifications (such as plugging in specific applications and ensuring continuous availability and data speed independence). The bank believes that on the one hand, the cost of public cloud layout and private cloud layout is basically the same for the demand of fixed pre-trained AI big model. Because there is no demand for rapid expansion, the scale cost advantage of public cloud will be weakened; On the other hand, the training efficiency of public cloud will be lower than that of private cloud specially built for its own AI training. For continuous and large-scale deep learning, using local private cloud can save a lot of costs and improve training efficiency.

Al training needs massive and highly sensitive data, and the high security of private cloud makes it a more suitable solution.

For the public cloud, when companies store their data and information in the cloud, it is difficult to ensure that these data and information will be adequately protected. The huge scale of the public cloud and the diversity of companies covering users also make it a favorite target for hackers to attack. In addition, there is the problem of hardware sharing in public cloud. Through public cloud, the work between different companies will be carried out on the same server, and this sharing mode is likely to lead to the disclosure of confidential data and information. Unlike public cloud, private cloud is a cloud infrastructure specially built to provide "isolated access" in a "single tenant environment", that is, it can only be accessed by a single entity, which is usually an enterprise that uses and maintains the cloud. The only purpose of establishing a private cloud is to provide services for enterprises that own the cloud. From the control point of view, because the owner completely controls the physical computing, storage and network equipment, the data security is promoted to the highest level, and the internal administrator has greater flexibility in implementing and accessing security tools; From a completely visible point of view, with the help of private cloud, enterprises can completely control and visualize their network security status, and can customize it to meet their specific needs. Because AI training needs a lot of data, for example, the data volume of GPT-3 pre-training reaches 45TB; Moreover, the application of artificial intelligence faces great security risks. On the one hand, data is associated with user privacy information, on the other hand, the destruction of the model will lead to decision-making errors, data poisoning will affect the effectiveness of intelligent services, deep forgery will be used for extortion, and data leakage will lead to user privacy exposure. Events occur frequently.Therefore, there will be higher requirements for security. Therefore, the bank believes that a private cloud with high security features is a more suitable solution.

March is destined to be an extraordinary month for football in China. According to Li Xuan’s report, in March, Du Zhaocai, deputy director of the General Administration, who is currently taking over the Football Association, will retire at the age of 64, and he will also step down. This also means that the new head of the Football Association must be implemented in March, otherwise Gao Zhidan’s words will become empty talk.

The time is short and the task is urgent. Where can we find the new head of the Football Association? In fact, this problem is not difficult. At present, the Football Association has three most suitable candidates. In addition to talking about three suitable candidates, we must talk about Sun Jihai, which has been popular recently, because it has delivered seven Xinjiang players for U20 men’s soccer team, and because of the outstanding performance of U20 men’s soccer team captain Effeldin, Sun Jihai is considered by many fans to be the most suitable to be the head of the Football Association, but in fact, Sun Jihai and Fan Zhiyi are the same. Although they are all members of the subordinate provinces of the Football Association, it is almost impossible to enter the consideration of the head of the Football Association.

Why? As the head of the Football Association, the first condition is to be able to accept the Football Association quickly. Chen Wharf dared to let a layman take office because he was surrounded by Gao Hongbo and Sun Wen. However, after this failure, according to the report of Football Daily, the General Administration is more inclined to let people within the system who understand sports take this position.

Who is the most suitable candidate at the moment? In fact, the first two suitable candidates are the two current vice presidents of the Football Association. The first one is Gao Hongbo. The advantage of Gao Hongbo is that he has been a vice president for a long time, and he is very familiar with the work of the Football Association, especially the administrative work, and can almost seamlessly connect with the current work.

The second candidate is Sun Wen. Sun Wen’s advantage here is that she is a woman. Sun Wen has led the women’s football team to achieve excellent results and accumulated enough fame over the years. Of course, the most important thing is that Sun Wen has not had much contact with the Chinese Super League team, which can also avoid the recurrence of Chen Wharf and Shanghai Harbour.

Who is the third candidate? The third candidate may be the most unexpected person for the fans. He turned down Li Xiaopeng, who works for the men’s soccer team. In fact, Li Xiaopeng is now the most likely to become a dark horse. Why? According to the report of Football Daily, there are several criteria for the General Administration to select the next head. The first one is between 40 and 50 years old, because this age can lead the Football Association to have a sustainable development time. Li Xiaopeng is now 47 years old, but Sun Wen and Gao Hongbo are both over the standard.

The second is that the General Administration is biased towards people within the system, so that it can be bound. Compared with Gao Hongbo and Sun Wen, only the identity of the Football Association, Li Xiaopeng is the deputy director of the Football Management Center of Shandong Sports Bureau, and the level has come to the deputy hall. Li Xiaopeng is more in line with the identity of the former two. The third is to know sports. Li Xiaopeng has been a coach of the club and the national team. Coupled with his experience as a player, Li Xiaopeng definitely has a chance to turn into a dark horse.

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On December 1st, Beijing time, the NBA regular season in the 2021-22 season was fighting. In a battle of focus today, the Sun will face the Warriors at home. Prior to this game, the Warriors 18 wins and 2 losses first ranked first in the league, and the Sun team ranked second in the league 17 wins and 3 losses. Therefore, this game was particularly attractive.

According to statistics, this is the first time that the NBA history has appeared more than 85%of the winning percentage, and it is in a team confrontation between the 7+ consecutive victory. The Warriors have achieved a 7 -game winning streak, and the Sun team has won the longest 16 -game winning streak this season. If the Suns can win again today, they will tie the team history of the longest consecutive victory.

Before the start of the game, the Suns officially released the preview map of the game, as well as warm -up maps such as Paul and other generals.

It can be seen that although this game can tie the long -winning record of the team history and whether they can defeat the Warriors’ top leagues, the Sun team will still be very relaxed. Paul, Booker, Claude and other people will laugh at the training ground.

The Warriors officially wrote: "The duel of the best record team of the two league, staged in Phoenix tonight!"

ESPN also debated this game. However, the result was one side, and everyone thought that the Warriors could win. Former NBA star Reydick said: "The warrior has a greater probability of winning the game, their defense is very good, they will take a lot of defense. The main tactics of the sun are to relieve it by the pick -and -roll, and then go to the ball three points. Unless Paul and the" Booker can play ultra -efficiency, otherwise it will be difficult for them to win. "

The reasons for the well-known commentator A-Smith is only one reason for the Warriors, that is Curry. He said: "I am not interested in this issue, because the Warriors will win the championship, and no one can defeat them. The Warriors will win bigger today, but the Sun team will win when they meet next time. Because they do not have Curry, Curry is the greatest shooter created by God. And the Warriors’ ball -free running and transfer balls are the top leagues. They are the purest basketball. "

Whether this game continues 17 consecutive victories, or the Warriors defend the league 1, we will know the answer in a few hours.