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The installed capacity of industrial robots in China has declined for the first time in ten years. Is it a signal of cold winter or a prelude to spring？

　　The International Federation of Robotics (IFR) released its latest report "Global Robots 2019" in Shanghai on September 18th. This comprehensive report on the performance of the global robot market in 2018 shows that despite the two main application areas of the robot industry last year — — The automobile and electronics industries are facing headwinds, but the annual global sales of robots have reached a new high of $16.5 billion, and the global installed capacity has increased by 6% from the previous year to 422,000 units. IFR predicts that the installed capacity in 2019 will be lower than that in 2018, but the average annual growth rate from 2020 to 2022 can be maintained at 12%.

　　"In 2018, we saw the ups and downs of the market performance of the robot industry, but we still created a new sales record, even though this year was the main customer of robots — — A difficult year for the automotive and electronics industries. " The International Federation of Robotics President Junji Tsuda said, "Sino-US trade friction brings uncertainty to the global economy — — Customers tend to delay investment. But what is exciting is that the annual installed capacity still exceeds 400,000 for the first time. The long-term outlook of IFR shows that the continuous automation trend and continuous technological improvement will bring double-digit growth, and it is estimated that the installed capacity will reach about 584,000 units in 2022. "

　　According to the report, the top five industrial robot markets in 2018 are China, Japan, South Korea, the United States and Germany, accounting for 74% of the global installed capacity.

　　After eight years of rapid growth, the installed capacity of industrial robots in China showed an inflection point last year, with a slight decline. However, China is still the largest industrial robot market in the world, accounting for 36% of the installed capacity in the global market.

　　In 2018, the installed capacity of industrial robots in China was about 154,000 units, which was 1% lower than that in 2017, but still more than that in Europe and America combined. Last year, the total installed capacity of robots in China market reached 5.4 billion US dollars, an increase of 21% compared with 2017.

　　The annual installed capacity of industrial robots in China market from 2008 to 2018. The pictures in this article are all from the report of Global Robots 2019.

　　In 2018, the density of robots in manufacturing factories in China (the number of robots per 10,000 workers) was 9.3 times that of 2010, reaching 140. In the picture, the blue column shows the density of robots in China, and the red curve shows the global average level.

　　Nevertheless, there is still much room for improvement in the scale application of robots in China’s manufacturing industry. Globally, the density of robots in Singapore, South Korea and Germany ranks the top three, reaching 831, 774 and 338 respectively.

　　In 2018, the differentiation between independent and foreign brand robots was obvious. The total installed capacity of China local robots in the domestic market has increased by 5% (27% in 2018 and 22% in 2017), which shows that China’s policy orientation of encouraging its own brand robots has brought results. On the other hand, the installed capacity of foreign brands (including products produced by non-China suppliers in China) decreased by 7% to about 113,000 units (2017: about 122,000 units).

　　From 2016 to 2018, the annual installed capacity of industrial robots in various industries in China market. Electrical/electrical industry, automobile industry, metal and machinery industry have always been the top three application industries, but in 2018, the installed capacity of industrial robots in these three industries all declined. On the contrary, other industries have increased.

　　Annual supply of foreign robot brand suppliers and China local suppliers in various industries in 2017 and 2018. Under the background of declining automobile sales, the demand for industrial robots in automobile manufacturing industry is also decreasing. In the automobile industry, the market share of foreign brands is over 80%, which also explains why the sales of foreign brands of robots suffered a greater market impact last year.

　　As for the industrial robot market, which tends to be weak since last year, the robot companies interviewed by The Paper (www.thepaper.cn) during the 21st China Industry Expo recently said that the so-called "cold winter" in the industry is only a temporary phenomenon.

　　Li Gang, head of ABB’s robotics and discrete automation division in China and ABB’s robotics business in China, said that from the second half of last year to the first half of this year, sales and output in the China market, especially in the automobile market, did decline. But these declines are short-lived. In the long run, ABB is still optimistic about the development of China market. The reason is that China is changing from "manufacturing" to "intelligent manufacturing" and from a manufacturing power to a manufacturing power, and the basic elements of the market have not changed.

　　The epitome of the company’s optimism about the China market is that its new robot factory and R&D base in Shanghai have recently officially broken ground. The new factory is expected to be put into operation in 2021, with a total investment of 150 million US dollars (about 1 billion yuan). After completion, it will become ABB’s largest robot production base, and together with Swedish factories and American factories, it will form ABB’s global robot supply system.

　　Wang Hui, CEO of KUKA China, another "four families of global industrial robots", told The Paper that from the general trend, industrial robots still have a good development prospect in the next 10 to 20 years, although difficulties and constraints may be interspersed in the process. How does the hot artificial intelligence combine with industrial robots? How to move from concept to application? It is a trend worthy of attention in the future development of industrial robots.

　　Cao Yunan, general manager of Suzhou Ailite Robot Co., Ltd., a domestic industrial robot enterprise, also believes that the decline in sales of industrial robots in China is a temporary phenomenon. "Due to industrial upgrading, it is true that the 3C industry and the automobile industry are going downhill. But apart from these two traditional tracks, there are still many growing tracks for robot companies, such as logistics and consumer-oriented applications. "

　　At the press conference of Global Robotics 2019, Qu Daokui, chairman of China Robotics Industry Alliance and president of Xinsong Group, pointed out that in 2018, the sales volume of industrial robots in China declined for the first time, but the annual sales volume ranked first in the world for the sixth consecutive year, and the sales of self-owned brand robots maintained steady growth. Based on the current market situation and industry operation situation, China Robot Industry Alliance preliminarily predicts that the sales volume of industrial robots in China will increase by about 5% in 2019, among which the sales volume of self-owned brand industrial robots will increase by about 15%.

These actions hurt your knees more than running, and some people do them every day!

now

Exercise has become a "compulsory course" for many people every day.

And in many sports,

Running is deeply loved by many people.

Recently, a circle friend sent for help and said

There are all kinds of sayings about running on the Internet.

The most popular saying is that running will hurt your knees.

Is this really the case?

Zhao min

Peking University Third Hospital

Deputy chief physician of orthopedics

Does running really hurt your knees?

Improper running posture or excessive load is the most likely to damage the knee joint.

Incorrect running method exceeds the load of knee joint, which will easily lead to "running knee", which is a chronic overwork.

No matter ordinary people or athletes, they may encounter the problem of knee joint injury in sports, but the "running knee" only exists in the situation of knee overuse, which is related to personal sports and physical fitness.

Both sitting without running and high-intensity running can cause joint problems, and the prevalence rate is the lowest among people who run at leisure, so proper running is beneficial to joint health for ordinary people (non-athletes) as a whole.

Unscientific exercise is an important cause of knee injury. If you don’t warm up before running, it will have a huge impact on the meniscus and even cause comminuted fracture of the patella.

Incorrect running posture, too long exercise time, too high frequency and different physical qualities of individuals are all factors that cause knee joint injury.

Therefore, incorrect running methods or excessive use of knees will lead to knee injury, but you can’t stop exercising completely.

Action points:

Warm up for 5 ~ 10 minutes before jogging, and the duration of pure running is 30 ~ 60 minutes every day, so don’t care too much about the distance;

The body leans forward slightly, the arm swings naturally, and the forefoot touches the ground;

Keep the speed "breathing, heartbeat is slightly faster but you can talk normally";

Plastic ground, asphalt road, etc. are selected for the site, and cement ground is not recommended.

These movements hurt your knees the most.

Step 1 sit still for a long time

An internationally authoritative study once pointed out that the incidence of arthritis in fitness runners is 3.5%; For sedentary people, the incidence of arthritis is as high as 10.2%! Long-term sedentary articular cartilage will gradually lose nutrition and "starve to death". Therefore, proper exercise can prolong the life of the knee. But the premise is to master scientific methods and avoid unnecessary damage.

Step 2 climb mountains and stairs

Old people, overweight people and people with knee injuries had better crawl less. Don’t insist on climbing if your knees are uncomfortable.

When going up the mountain (stairs), the wrong posture can easily hurt the knee, and the knee will bear about three times its own weight.

When going down the mountain (stairs), the knee will not only bear the impact of the ground, but also increase the wear of the knee.

Therefore, it is not recommended to climb mountains and buildings as daily exercise.

Tip: There is a knee injury. When going upstairs, the good leg goes first, and when going downstairs, the bad leg goes first.

Step 3 jump rope

The risk of skipping rope to knee joint is mainly related to the venue.

Generally, the concrete floor downstairs in a residential area can’t provide an effective buffer for the impact force when skipping rope falls to the ground, and it is easy to hurt the knee for a long time.

Key points of skipping rope:

Choose plastic floor or cement floor to pave plastic mat;

When jumping, keep your feet close to avoid bending your knees greatly;

The take-off height is 2 ~ 4 cm to ensure that the skipping rope just passes through the soles of the feet;

Shake the rope with wrist strength and keep the big arm close to the trunk.

4. Riding a bike in the wrong posture

If you ride too hard, or take some wrong riding posture habits, it will also have certain health risks to your knees.

Action points:

The height of the seat is adjusted to: when the foot steps on the lowest position, the knee joint slightly bends about 170;

Hold your head high while riding, keeping your knees and toes facing forward;

Keep riding at a constant speed, and don’t suddenly increase the speed by force;

Exert force on the thigh and step on the pedal with the first third of the sole of your foot.

5. I don’t have exercise habits at ordinary times, and I suddenly run away.

For people who don’t have any exercise habits at ordinary times and sit for a long time every day, leg muscle strength is usually insufficient, and sudden long-term walking is easy to cause instability of knee joint position.

Suggestion: Try to avoid striding, don’t stretch your front legs too far, avoid tightening your legs or knees and step forward, so that your body can walk naturally, comfortably and moderately.

Step 6 sit cross-legged

When sitting cross-legged, the knee joint is in a state of flexion. Under the action of gravity, it will bear the sinking force, resulting in uneven stress on the inside and outside. Over time, the knee joint is also prone to deformation.

Suggestion: when you can’t help sitting cross-legged, bend only one leg at a time, try to be natural and comfortable, and don’t force your feet down, which can reduce the damage to your knees to some extent.

Step 7 squat for a long time

When the squatting posture is greater than 90 degrees, the compression of the medial knee joint will become larger, resulting in the wear of the medial patella.

Suggestion: Try to control the toilet time in squatting position within 3 minutes.

These symptoms appear in the knee joint.

May have suggested joint damage.

If you can’t remember your knee joint at all, first of all, it shows that it is healthy. When you start to pay attention to your knee joint, it may indicate that there are some problems with it.

Then there are probably two kinds of problems that often appear in our knee joint:

1. it hurts

This is the most common situation. Suddenly, I feel pain in my knee. The pain varies from light to heavy. Another is its position. If you touch your left knee with your palm, buckle the patella above your knee with the palm of your hand. After buckling it, when your thumb naturally droops, you can touch a gap. This is the gap on the inside of the knee. If this position is painful, you should be careful about meniscus or osteoarthritis. If this position is further up.

Step 2 make a noise

Sometimes there will be some noise in the knee joint, a crisp snap, without pain, which may be some physiological snap, such as synovial hyperplasia. If you have degenerative osteoarthropathy and arthritis, its noise is very characteristic, just like when you hold a handful of snow in winter, the snowball makes a creaking sound. This feeling of holding snow is a very typical manifestation of osteoarthritis, called bone rubbing sound.

You can protect your knees by sitting and lifting your legs.

The first method:

When the leg bends to 90 degrees, the calf and thigh are basically in a vertical state. At this time, you can slowly extend the leg from 90-degree knee flexion to straightness, and pause for 5~10 seconds. You should feel the muscles in front of the thigh, especially the muscles in the inner thigh, exerting force and straining, and then slowly relax it to the knee flexion position. This is the first time.

We can repeat this cycle for 20 ~ 30 times, and this is a group, and we can do 2 ~ 3 groups every day.

Note: If you feel tired the next day, it means that this intensity exercise is appropriate. If you feel relaxed after exercise, you may need to correct your movements or increase your strength and frequency.

The second method:

You can step on something under your feet. At this time, the angle of bending your knees is less than 90 degrees. Slowly straighten it, straighten it to the position of 0 degrees, keep it for 5~10 seconds, and do reciprocating training.

Leg-lifting in sitting position is suitable for both sick patients and healthy people. It is a very basic training, so everyone should develop such a habit, and its application scenario is very wide. You can do such a training whether you are in the office or on a business trip.

Note: If the joint is in the inflammatory stage of redness, swelling, heat and pain, you should rest instead of doing any strength training, even if it is mild, and you should wait until the inflammation is relieved, the symptoms are relieved, or even disappear before starting strength training.

These symptoms appeared in the knee joint.

May have suggested joint damage.

If you can’t remember your knee joint at all, first of all, it shows that it is healthy. When you start to pay attention to your knee joint, it may indicate that there are some problems with it.

Then there are probably two kinds of problems that often appear in our knee joint:

1. it hurts

This is the most common situation. Suddenly, I feel that my knee begins to hurt. The pain varies from light to heavy, and the other is its position. If you touch your left knee with your palm, use the palm of your hand to buckle the patella above your knee. After buckling it, when the thumb naturally droops, you can touch a gap. This is the gap inside the knee joint. If this position hurts, you really have to be careful. For example, there will be some problems like meniscus or osteoarthritis. If this position is higher or lower than the knee joint, it may come from the ligament, so we judge it according to the painful part.

Step 2 make a noise

You can protect your knees by sitting and lifting your legs.

The first method:

When the leg bends to 90 degrees, the calf and thigh are basically in a vertical state. At this time, you can slowly extend the leg from the 90-degree knee bend to the straight, and pause for 5~10 seconds. You should feel the muscles in front of the thigh, especially the muscles in the inner thigh, exerting force and tightening, and then slowly relax it to the knee bend position. This is a time.

We can repeat this cycle for 20 ~ 30 times, and this is a group, and we can do 2 ~ 3 groups every day.

Note: If you feel tired the next day, it means that this intensity exercise is appropriate. If you feel relaxed after exercise, you may need to correct your actions or increase your strength and frequency.

The second method:

You can step on a whole box of cans under your feet. At this time, the angle of bending your knees is less than 90 degrees. Slowly straighten it to the position of 0 degrees, keep it for 5~10 seconds, and do reciprocating training.

Six things to prolong the service life of the knee

Knee joint should be used sparingly, and only by protecting it can its service life be prolonged;

Step 1 control your weight

Patients with knee arthritis caused by overweight account for a large proportion of the sick population. Losing weight can greatly reduce the burden on weight-bearing joints and reduce wear and tear.

2. Exercise with restraint

The healthiest exercise program for joints is: 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical exercise every day, no less than 5 days a week.

Warm up before exercise, exercise and stretch properly. If you do strenuous exercise, warm-up time should not be less than 10 minutes.

When swimming, the body is basically parallel to the water surface, and the knee joint is basically free of load, so it is best for the knee joint. Freestyle and backstroke are more recommended to protect the knee joint.

3. Pay attention to joint warmth

Avoid cold and damp knees, and wear knee pads if necessary.

Step 4 supplement calcium

Especially women over 40. When osteoporosis occurs, joints are prone to illness.

5. Shoes should be suitable

Whether walking or other sports, you should choose a pair of suitable shoes. Sports shoes with elasticity, slightly thicker soles and slightly thicker heels are the best for joints.

6. Avoid continuously exerting force on joints.

Try to reduce squatting as much as possible. If you need to squat frequently, you’d better sit in a low position, such as sitting on a small bench. When sitting and standing for a long time, you should always change your posture to prevent your knee from being fixed in one posture and being strained.

Note: Don’t exercise easily when your knee hurts. If there is injury or pain in the knee, you should see a doctor in time and standardize the treatment. Consult a doctor and make a suitable recovery exercise plan according to your own situation and illness.

Knee pad tips

1. Improper running posture or excessive load is the most likely to damage the knee joint.

2. These actions hurt your knees the most: sedentary, skipping rope, climbing mountains and stairs in the wrong posture, riding a bicycle in the wrong posture, having no exercise habits at ordinary times, suddenly running away, sitting cross-legged and squatting for a long time.

3. These symptoms of knee joint may have indicated joint damage:

Pain: the gap inside the knee joint hurts, and there may be problems with meniscus or osteoarthritis;

Sound: Osteoarthrosis and arthritis will cause bone rubbing sound.

4. Sitting leg lifting is a basic training suitable for both sick patients and healthy people.

5. Extend the service life of the knee: control the weight, exercise with restraint, pay attention to joint warmth, supplement calcium, fit shoes, and avoid exerting force on joints continuously.

Why are only dragons fictional in the zodiac？ How did the ancients come up with it？

This article is about 5600 words.

Reading takes 15 minutes.

Xi he Imperial Day, illustration, modern, Yan Xiaonan. Xi he is both the god of the sun and the god of making calendars. Gao You said in the note "Huainanzi Astronomical Training": "Ride by car every day, drive with six dragons, and xi he will control it."

It is generally believed that the dragon is an imaginary animal that does not exist in reality. However, human imagination is not rootless water, and any imagination must have its realistic prototype. Which animal did the dragon originate from in nature?

Dragon and snake entanglements

There have always been different opinions on the above question, including crocodile theory, lizard theory, snake theory, pig theory, dinosaur theory, hippo theory and horse theory, etc. At present, there is no conclusion. Among these animals, the relationship between snakes and dragons is quite intriguing. Dragons, like snakes, have long curved bodies that can be coiled and stretched.(The difference is that dragons have enough but snakes don’t). In many ancient books, dragons and snakes often go hand in hand. "Under the Yi Cohesion" records that "the trend of dragons and snakes is to survive"; In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wang Chong also said that "the dragon is like a snake, and the snake is like a dragon" in "On Balance and Telling Rui". Later, Bao Puzi, a book written in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, clearly pointed out: "There are dragons of nature, and there are dragons transformed from snakes." This sentence shows that at least some dragons evolved from snakes. So far, people have always called snakes "little dragons". In folklore, there is a story about the mutual change of dragons and snakes. It is said that there is a dragon in Tanzhe Temple in Beijing, which flew away on a stormy night, leaving two snake-like "dragons". In addition, there is a Bailong Temple on Mount Emei in Sichuan. Although the temple is named after the dragon, it commemorates the white snake in The Legend of the White Snake.(White Snake).

About because of this origin, the phenomenon that snakes and dragons are mixed and called is common in ancient books. People can often find the image of "human head snake body", such as Fuxi and Nu Wa. The Han Fu "Lu Lingguang Dian Fu" contains: "Fuxi scales, Nuwa snake body." Guo Pu, a native of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, wrote in The Classic of Mountains and Seas and the Wild West Classic: "Nu Wa, an ancient goddess and emperor, has a snake-faced body, which changes from seventy to seventy in a day, and her abdomen becomes this god." Fuxi and Nu Wa are also snake heads in the Silk Painting of Fuxi Nu Wa Tu unearthed from Astana Tomb in Turpan, Xinjiang. "Liezi Huangdi" yue:

"Dong offer’s?(Fuxi), Nuwa, Shennong(Yan Di)Xia Houshi, a snake with a human face, a bull’s head and a tiger’s nose: this is inhuman and has the virtue of a great sage. "

Apart from Nvwa 、 Fuxi and Emperor Yan, there are many mythical figures in China who are also human heads and snakes. For example, "phase liu, nine faces, snake body and green", "Gong Gong, snake body and Zhu Fa" and so on. The most striking thing is that "Shan Hai Jing Overseas Western Classic" records: "The country of Xuanyuan … in the north of women’s country, people face the snake, and the tail meets the head." "Xuanyuan" is the title of Yellow Emperor. In the Ming Dynasty, Tao Zongyi said that Xuanyuan was "a dragon with a head" in Shuo cymbals. The same god is sometimes called "snake body" and sometimes called "dragon body". This proves that the two refer to the same thing, that is, the "snake body" is the "dragon body".

For such a phenomenon, Wen Yiduo thought in Fuxi Kao in his early years:

"The dragon totem, whether it is like a horse, a dog, a fish, a bird or a deer, is a snake in its trunk and basic form, which shows that in the era when many totem units were in the first place, the snake totem was the most powerful among them, and the merger and melting of many totems was the result of the merger and assimilation of many weak units."

From the viewpoint of "dragon and snake are integrated", among the many fairy animals with different forms and characteristics recorded in Shan Hai Jing, which can be regarded as a master of ancient myths, there are many who have "dragon bodies (snake bodies)". For example, "Shan Hai Jing Nan Shan Jing" says: "From Tianyu Mountain to Nanyu Mountain, every 14 mountains, 6,530 miles, have a dragon body and a human face." When offering sacrifices to these mountain gods, a white dog is used as a sacrifice, and the polished rice used for the sacrifice is glutinous rice. "Shan Hai Jing Zhongshan Jing" is the cloud:

"Every shouyangshan, surrendered to the mountain as for the third mountain, jiusan, two hundred and sixty-seven. Its gods are all dragons and faces. "

The practice of offering sacrifices to these mountain gods is different. To preside over the sacrificial ceremony, a rooster should be buried in the ground as a living sacrifice. Cereal grains such as millet, millet, rice, sorghum and wheat should be used as the refined rice for sacrifice. In Shan Hai Jing Bei Shan Jing, the "dragon with a human face" becomes a "snake with a human face". The so-called "from the mountain of a single fox to the dike mountain, where there are 25 mountains and 5,490 miles, their gods are all snake with a human face". When offering sacrifices to these gods, a rooster and a pig used as sacrifices should be buried in the ground, and a jade Jue should be used in the beautiful jade for offering sacrifices to the gods, only buried in the ground without using rice for offering sacrifices. The most peculiar thing is the mountain gods in Shan Hai Jing Nan Shan Jing: "Where the South Second Classic is the first, from Guishan to Qiwu Mountain, where there are seventeen mountains, 7,200 miles, their gods are all dragons and birds." The appearance is different, and the way of sacrifice is naturally different. When offering sacrifices to these mountain gods, a jade jade must be buried in the ground with the sacrificed livestock, and the refined rice for the sacrifice should be used.

The picture of Fuxi Nuwa, in Tang Dynasty, is colored in silk, with a length of 220 cm and a width of 116.5 cm. It is now in the Museum of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and was unearthed in Astana cemetery in Xinjiang in 1965.Fuxi and Nu Wa in the painting are the images of human heads and snake bodies.

In addition to these four-sided mountain gods, there are also records of "dragon (snake) body" gods in Shanhaijing, Xishan Classic and Overseas North Classic. For example:

"There is a god, and the human head is snake-shaped, long as a shaft, with a head on the left and right, purple clothes and a crown, which is called Yanwei."

"phase liu, nine faces, snake and green. Dare not shoot north, afraid of the stage of gong gong. Taiwan is in its east. "

In The Classic of Mountains and Seas, phase liu is a courtier of the water god Gong Gong. He can eat food from nine mountains, and the land he passes through becomes a swamp, making it difficult for birds to live and causing floods. By the way, phase liu appeared in the Hollywood movie "Fantastic Night at the Museum 3" ten years ago, but his image was depicted as a nine-headed python. In fact, this is not in line with the statement of "human head and snake body" in Shan Hai Jing.

Stills of the movie "Fantastic Night at the Museum 3". The prototype of Hydra comes from phase liu, who wrote "Nine human faces, the snake is green" in Shan Hai Jing. The film depicts it as a nine-headed python, which is actually not in line with the statement of "human head snake body" in Shan Hai Jing.

"Ying Long" has wings.

Shan Hai Jing, of course, does not lack the records of "complete form" dragons. The so-called "complete form" is the dragon image that people are familiar with today, that is, the "dragon has nine similarities" summarized by Luo Yuan in Er Ya Yi in Song Dynasty."Dragon, with horns like deer, head like camel, eyes like rabbits, neck like snakes, abdomen like salamanders, scales like fish, claws like eagles, palms like tigers, ears like cows."If the dragon grows wings again, it is called "ying"Dragon ". For example, Guo Pu notes: "Ying Long, the dragon has wings", and "Guangya Release Fish" also records: "Ying Long is called with wings."

There are also many records of Ying Long with wings in Shan Hai Jing. For example, The Wild North Classic records that when Chiyou led a group of monsters to attack the ground of Zhuolu under the jurisdiction of the Yellow Emperor, the Yellow Emperor first ordered Ying Long to go out to fight. Ying Long is good at storing water, and plans to drown the ranks of Chiyou in Jizhou wilderness with huge rain. Unexpectedly, the cunning Human-God was ready, so he invited Fengbo Rain Master to take the lead in setting up a big storm. Ying Long’s power was hard to exert for a while. When the Yellow Emperor saw it, he sent his heavenly daughter "Hao" to help. "Hao" has the ability to stop the wind and rain. At that time, Ying Long and Chi-you took advantage of the storm, unable to withstand it, and were defeated and killed. From the historical perspective, the battle between Huangdi and Chiyou was naturally early.The struggle between human tribes can never be assisted by gods as in the Romance of Gods. Ying Long, Chi-you, and even Fengbo Rain Master of Chi-you were probably just the names of the tribes at that time. Among them, the tribe named "Ying Long" takes some kind of winged dragon as its totem.

"Ying Long Painting Rivers", a sculpture, is located in Dayu Mythological Garden in Wuhan. The heckling words in "The Songs of the South" link Ying Long and Dayu’s water control. Dayu "tried his best to ditch the river and guide Sichuan and Yiyue", and Ying Long was ordered to open the way ahead. It draws the land with its tail, and wherever it is drawn, the river road it opens extends to where it is drawn.

In Shan Hai Jing, next, Ying Long pushed on and met Kuafu. Kuafu is a well-known mythical figure. Shan Hai Jing Da Huang Bei Jing recorded: "Kuafu overreached himself, and wanted to pursue the scenery of the sun and caught it in Yugu. I will drink the river but not enough. I will go to osawa and die here before I arrive. " This is the famous story of "Kuafu chasing the sun". However, the same book also records another statement. "Ying Long has killed Chiyou and Kuafu, so he went to the south." In the war between the Yellow Emperor and Chiyou, Kuafu sided with Chiyou and became the enemy of Ying Long. For these two different records, Guo Pu thought:

"Kuafu in Shangyun overreached himself and died in competition with Japan. Today, Fuyun was killed by Ying Long, and his death has no name. He sent it when he touched something, which shows that his changes are not square and cannot be measured."

Ying Long. There are many records of Ying Long with wings in the Classic of Mountains and Seas, and the Map of Mountains and Seas: A Catalogue of Animals in the Classic of Mountains and Seas was painted by Li Yunzhong, People’s Literature Publishing House.

Ying Long defeated Chiyou first and then killed Kuafu, which made great contributions to the victory of the Yellow Emperor, but it also paid a heavy price for it. Shan Hai Jing Wild East longitude records that "Ying Long is in the South Pole, killing Chiyou and Kuafu", and he may also be weakened in the struggle, so he "can’t get back."(unable to return to heaven)",can only live in the northeast corner of the wild, there is a mountain called fierce plow mound". And the sky lacks the god of clouds and rain, so the drought in the lower bound has been going on for years. Shan Hai Jing Da Huang Bei Jing said that after Ying Long killed Kuafu, he "went to the south, so it was rainy in the south". Guo Pu said: "It’s a long story, and it’s similar to each other." That is, where the dragon goes, the precipitation goes.

Two-wing Ying Long portrait brick, Han. Because Ying Long can make clouds make rain, when the drought is severe, people make Ying Long look like mud, sand and stones and pray.

Because Ying Long can make clouds make rain, when there is a serious drought, people make Ying Long look like mud, sand and stones, and pray, "Drought is like Ying Long, but heavy rain". In this way, there is another "earth dragon" in the dragon family, and the folk also have the custom of "repairing the earth dragon after drought". There are also many records about the earth dragon causing rain. Huai Nan Zi Shuo Shan Xun said that "saints use things, if they use Zhu Si to make friends with pigs, if they seek rain for the earth dragon".

As for the image and skills of Ying Long in ancient mythology, even Qu Yuan expressed doubts and feelings in Tian Wen: "What is Ying Long’s painting? What is the calendar of rivers and seas? " For this sentence, Wang Yi notes:

"When Yu treated the flood, a dragon painted the land with its tail. Those who guide the water should be decided, so they should be treated. "

HongXingZu note cloud:

"The" Mountain and Sea Classic Map "cloud, Xia Yu governs the water, and Ying Long draws the land with the tail."

The heckling words in "The Songs of the South" link Ying Long and Dayu’s water control. Dayu "tried his best to ditch the river and guide Sichuan and Yiyue", and Ying Long was ordered to open the way ahead. It draws the land with its tail, and wherever it is drawn, the river road it has opened extends to where it is drawn. If Dayu is a model of whole-hearted water control, then Ying Long can be regarded as the number one hero of Dayu’s charge. As for the realistic prototype of "Ying Long painted the land with the tail"(or the truth)Some scholars think that it is possible that Dayu got help from the clan with dragon totem in water control, or that it is a reflection of the joint water control of the clan with dragon totem; Mr Wen Yiduo thinks:

"The dragon who paints the land into a river is Yu himself, and the dragon who can paint the land into a river is the dragon who digs the river totem. It coexists with the ancestor Yu and is contradictory, so he sent the dragon as Yu’s teacher, saying that Yu’s method of water control came from the dragon."

In a word, such myths in Dayu’s water control are unlikely to be imagined out of thin air.

There are many dragons.

It is worth mentioning that the book Shu Yi Ji, written in the Southern Dynasties, also records:

"Hydra turned into a dumpling in 500 years, a dragon in 1,000 years, a horned dragon in dragon five in 100 years and a Ying Long in 1,000 years."

It can be seen that it takes thousands of years for Ying Long to grow up, which is the highest level of dragons-that’s why it grows wings. "Guang Ya Shi Guo" cloud:

"There are scales called dragons, wings called Ying Long, horns called a dragon, horns called a dragon, and dragons without horns called a dragon. Before ascending to heaven, they called a dragon."

It shows that the types of "dragons" described in ancient books are ever-changing and varied.

Although Shuo Yi Ji regards Jiao as the predecessor of Dragon, other ancient books don’t think so. The authoritative Shuo Wen Jie Zi clearly points out:

"Dumpling, the dragon is also. There are 3,600 fish in the pond, and the dumplings are long. "

There are many records about dumplings in Shan Hai Jing. For example, "Haineixijing" cloud:

"There are tree birds in Kaiming South, with six songs; Dumplings, scorpions, snakes, scorpions, leopards, and birds rank trees in the surface pond. "

Zhongshan Jing contains:

"Ten times once the first of jingshan mountain, yue wing at the mountain. Turbulent water flows out, and the east flows into the economy; When the water comes out, it flows to Han in the southeast, and many of them are awkward. "

Although these records only refer to "Jiao" but not "Dragon", in fact "Jiao" refers to "Dragon". Because Guo Pu said, "Dumplings are like snakes, with four legs and dragons."

From the records of Shan Hai Jing, Jiao(dragon)Living in all kinds of rivers. It didn’t leave a good impression in the minds of the ancients. According to the Records of Collected Notes, according to legend, during the Tang and Yao Dynasties, there was a big dumpling, "Three rivers overflowed and the sea was in the same stream", and its prototype was obviously an aquatic animal. In the famous story of "eliminating three evils around", one of the evils refers to "dumpling under the long bridge". Guo Pu commented:

"Dumpling is like a snake, but its four feet are small, its head is thin, its neck is covered with white scabies, and the big ones are more than a dozen. Its eggs are like a stone urn, which can swallow people."

These characteristics are easily reminiscent of crocodiles in reptiles. However, there is only one kind of crocodile living in China today, that is, the Chinese alligator living in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. However, this kind of animal has a mild temperament and there are few records of attacking people since ancient times. Obviously, this can’t be related to the dumpling that can swallow people. Fortunately, it is also recorded in the history books that there was an "alligator disaster" in the Hanjiang River Basin in Lingnan in the Tang Dynasty. When Han Yu, a famous writer in Tang Dynasty, was demoted to Chaozhou, he tried to warn crocodiles and throw pigs and sheep into evil streams.(now Hanjiang, Guangdong)Tell the crocodile to leave, otherwise it will be slaughtered, and write down the famous prose "Sacrificing Crocodiles". Since Han Yu mentioned that crocodiles "eat people, livestock, bears, roes, deer and roes to fatten their bodies", it shows that this kind of crocodile is not so docile as the Chinese alligator, but it is similar to the living habits of the Gulf Crocodile that still lives in Southeast Asia today. The latter is the largest reptile in the world, with a fierce temperament. It not only eats animals in the water, but also often hurts people ashore, posing a great threat to the production and life of the ancients. According to the latest research results, this crocodile, which was "infested everywhere" in the Tang Dynasty, is an extinct branch of the alligator, known as the Chinese Hanyu crocodile.（Hanyusuchus sinensis）. Perhaps it was out of awe of this fierce crocodile that the ancients mixed with the concept of snakes and mythologized it as a "dragon".

Tiger dumpling. Guo Pu commented that "a dumpling is like a snake, but its four feet are small, its head is thin, its neck is covered with scabies, and the big one is more than ten, and its eggs are like a stone urn, which can swallow people". These characteristics are easily reminiscent of crocodiles in reptiles.

Bronze dragon, Han, now in the Cleveland Museum of Art, USA. Similar to Jiao, Jilong is also a hornless dragon. Shuowen said that it is "yellow if it is a dragon" or "it is said that it has no horns".

Similar to Jiao, Jilong is also a hornless dragon. Shuowen says that it is "yellow if it is a dragon" and "stinging if it has no horns". There is a story in Huainanzi that a dragon is better than a snake eel: one day, a red dragon is killed.(without horns)And a blue dragon.(angular)Roaming together, came to Jizhou ground. At this time, the weather is refreshing and the earth is stable. When a dragon and a dragon find delicious food, they eat it with relish. Because the range of activities is within 100 acres, it is despised and laughed at by a snake and an eel. They shouted, "Hey, dragon, dragon, dare you go to the river and sea with us?" A dragon and a dragon accepted the challenge, so "the wind and the freezing rain rocked up" and "moved the world and vibrated the sea", which scared the snakes and eels into the deep mud and dared not come out.

On the other hand, although dragons are miraculous, there is still a striking situation in ancient myths, that is, dragons are often used as the object of command by people with noble status. In this regard, "Shan Hai Jing" records that "Ju Mang in the East, birds and faces, take two dragons"; "Western Ru Shou, with a snake in its left ear, rides two dragons"; "Northern Yujiang, black hands and feet, riding two dragons"; "Zhu Rong in the south, a beast with a face, rides two dragons". Thus, the dragon is the mount of the four gods. Gao You also said in his note "Huai Nan Zi Tian Xun", "Ride by car every day, drive with six dragons, and xi he will conquer it."

In The Classic of Mountains and Seas, The Wild West Sutra, the ancient emperors were even seated on the dragon:

"Outside the southwest sea, south of Chishui and west of quicksand, there are two green snakes and two dragons, named Xia Hou Kai. If you go to heaven for three times, you will get the following nine arguments and nine songs. This field of great mu is 2,000 meters high, and it won the opening song "Nine strokes". "

Kai is the son of Yu and the first "hereditary" monarch in China’s ancient historical records. It goes without saying that in ancient mythology, this element of revealing identity through "Lapras", "Imperial Dragon" or "Driving Dragon" has also become a common means of deifying monarchical power in later generations.

References:

Pang Jin’s Exploration of loong Culture in 8,000 Years

The Origin and Evolution of Chinese Dragon Culture by Wang Liquan

A Study of the Word "Dragon" in Shan Hai Jing by Mei Shanying

The Dragon and Its Cultural Connotation in Shan Hai Jing by Gao Wang Fei.

Tourists take photos with RMB scenery. Designer： It’s a combined landscape.

　　Figure ①: The fifth set of RMB 100 yuan with the back pattern "Great Hall of the People".

　Fig. ②: The fifth set of RMB 20 yuan back pattern "Guilin Landscape".

　Fig. ③: The fifth set of RMB 10 yuan back pattern "Three Gorges Kuimen".

　　The Great Hall of the People, Potala Palace, Guilin Landscape, Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, Mount Tai, and San Tan Yin Yue are all the buildings and scenery behind the fifth set of RMB banknotes. Why did you choose them as the main scene on the back? Can the photos taken by framing be directly used on paper money? Recently, the reporter came to China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation and visited the people who had participated in the design and production of the fifth set of RMB in that year to reveal the secrets of the scenery on RMB for you.

　　Theme design

　　Beijing West Railway Station and Jiuquan Launch Site were once candidates.

　　Everyone knows that the fifth set of RMB was officially listed and issued in 1999. In fact, the design and development of this set of RMB started as early as 1988, and its design process is also very complicated and tortuous.

　　The design of the theme alone has undergone many changes. In the fourth set, the front main view of RMB is the head of representative national figures in China, and the back main view is based on the famous mountains and rivers such as the main peak of Jinggangshan and Hukou Waterfall of the Yellow River, which embodies the theme of high spirits and unity of people of all ethnic groups in China. What is the good theme in the fifth set?

　　The first theme given by the designer is ancient historical figures, in the order of dynasties. Kong Qiu and Qu Yuan in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Sima Qian and Cai Lun in the Han Dynasty were all selected. The second theme is contemporary leaders such as Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai. The third theme is the head of Mao Zedong on the front and the famous scenery and buildings in China on the back, highlighting the great rivers and mountains of the motherland.

　　In the process, some leaders suggested that nanpu bridge, Beijing West Railway Station, "Three North" Shelterbelt, Jiuquan Launch Site and so on could be added to the ticket.

　　In fact, China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation has designed color drafts of these schemes and submitted them to the People’s Bank of China, and the People’s Bank of China has submitted them to the State Council for discussion. What is finally confirmed is what we see now. On the front, Mao Zedong’s head is adopted, and on the back, famous buildings and landscapes such as the Great Hall of the People and Potala Palace are selected from China’s historical sites and buildings and landscapes.

　　There are so many scenic spots in China, why are these selected? The most basic principle is not to use the scenery that has been used before. "Let people know at a glance where it is, have a special status and popularity, and be expressive", which is the standard in one of the designers’ mind. Although it may not be possible to cover the factors considered by every designer, after hundreds of repeated discussions and verifications by designers, the victories of Potala Palace and Mount Tai are truly deserved.

　　"It was once suggested that Huangshan Mountain be used on the back of 50 yuan, but after discussion, everyone thought that Huangshan Mountain had been used before, and the Potala Palace not only reflected the elements of national unity, but also added a lot to its religious significance." Liu Yongjiang, director of the product development office and head of the fifth RMB design, said.

　　Field shooting

　　The mysterious collector of the West Lake has to take a close-up shot in the rain.

　　In the minds of employees of banknote printing and minting companies, RMB is an "outstanding representative product" they produce, hoping to be recognized and loved by the people. However, after all, RMB has its own particularity, so that it is kept secret throughout the design and production process, and even it is difficult for ordinary people to see it until the moment it comes out. Kong Wei Yun, a sculptor of RMB, told the reporter an interesting story that happened during the filming.

　　In those days, Kong Wei Yun went to the West Lake in Hangzhou to collect the wind and print the moon on the three pools behind the 1 yuan paper money. According to the confidentiality regulations, only the director of the currency issuance department of the local people’s bank knew the purpose of his visit and arranged his accommodation and itinerary. Unfortunately, the day of collecting the wind just happened to catch up with the rain.

　　There are regulations in the West Lake that you can’t go out when it rains, and you can’t shoot Santan at close range without taking a boat. What should I do? Kong Weiyun told the boatman that he was an advertising company, and his task was urgent. He would return to Beijing tomorrow, and he had to shoot today. The boatman said that he would sail, but there must be two guests on board, so Kong Weiyun had to pay for a tour guide.

　　Finally, the ship sailed successfully, but the route was not satisfactory. The boats in the scenic spot all have a fixed driving route and time, but Kong Wei Cloud has its own specific shooting point, so we can only spend more money to let the boatmen temporarily change the route and add time. "The boatman still wondered and asked me why I didn’t see so many beautiful scenery in the West Lake."

　　Do we have to photograph the real thing? Kong Weiyun said that unlike designers who can find inspiration by looking at albums, as sculptors, they must see the details. If you don’t look at the details, you don’t know how to do the edges and corners when carving, and you don’t know what the patterns and patterns on Santan stone carving are. Because he couldn’t tell the boatman his true intention, Kong Weiyun joked that he was a "mysterious collector of the West Lake".

　　In the fifth set of RMB design stage, Kong Wei Yunhe and other designers and sculptors were also pulled into a small building at the foot of the Great Wall to "lock up" for two weeks’ closed creation. There are no "outsiders" here, and they eat and live in the building. Because the mobile phone was not popular and the transportation was inconvenient at that time, it can be said that it was really isolated from the world and the confidentiality work was done quite well.

　　"combined" landscape

　　Want to take pictures of the scene? Actually, it can’t be completely matched

　　After the introduction of the fifth set of RMB, the back scenery became a hot topic, and tourists took RMB to take photos of the back scenery, but designer Li Zhinong told you, "Forget it, you can’t find exactly the same place."

　　Li Zhinong told reporters that unlike the previous sets, the fifth set of RMB clearly stated that "combined" scenery can be used. In other words, what you see on the back of the paper money, such as the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, the Three Ponds and the Moon, is difficult to find exactly the same angle to shoot again in reality. They are combined "brand-new" landscapes.

　　Take Mount Tai as the most representative, the unique stone carving of Wuyue, the Southern Gate of Heaven and the Jade Emperor’s Peak are all symbolic symbols of Mount Tai, but it is difficult for tourists to find a place to photograph these three elements. Why do you want to put them together? Li Zhinong said that the characteristics of Mount Tai are not very prominent. It is difficult to tell if it is Mount Tai only by depicting the mountain features. Therefore, in order to better show the grandeur of Mount Tai and facilitate identification, all three elements are simply integrated into one picture.

　　Similarly, after a large number of multi-angle shooting in the early stage, in order to make the composition more beautiful, the designers also "moved" the positions of several distant mountains in Guilin Mountain, "moved away" some mounds near Potala Palace, and "depressed" the grandeur of the distant mountains, making the pillars as the decoration of the Great Hall of the People, the five-pointed stars and lights of the dome become its background … …

　　"There is actually no close correspondence between color and face value. One hundred yuan is red, but once one yuan was used in red." Liu Yongjiang said that colors serve the theme, and they should ensure that different denominations cannot be confused and easy to distinguish.

　　Of course, how to design is not up to one person, and it can even be said that every link of RMB design has the hard work of countless people. Not only do designers choose scenery and design angles to draw sketches, but also some people draw sketches to improve them, and sculptors use dotted lines to shape scenery … … Every draft of design, painting and sculpture will be different. After each link, the scenery may change slightly. "Because of the technological restrictions and anti-counterfeiting requirements, the scenery on the banknotes must stand scrutiny and picky." Liu Yongjiang said.

Warm stomach and warm heart! Returned workers in Neijiang Economic Development Zone have a hot group annual banquet.

Neijiang News of Sichuan Economic Net (Reporter Mao Chunyan’s text/map) The end of the year is the peak period for migrant workers to return home. On January 30th, organized by the Neijiang Economic Development Zone Federation of Trade Unions, 100 representatives of returning migrant workers from this area came to Chang ‘an Village, Jingmin, where they gathered together to share the feast of the Year of the Communist Youth League, reminisce about their hometown and welcome the Spring Festival.

site of activity

Near noon, the smell of food began to waft in the courtyard dam of Chang ‘an Village Party-Mass Service Center. The reporter came to the scene to see that more than 10 tables of annual banquets were laid out in turn, and representatives of returning workers from all walks of life in the whole region were seated, sharing bowls, handing chopsticks and pouring drinks. Everyone was polite to each other, and the sound of reminiscence and laughter continued.

Soon, a series of steaming and delicious dishes were served on the table: sweet and boiled, sweet but not greasy, steamed crispy meat crisp and tender, braised beef soft and rotten, and Sam Sun soup delicious … "These meals are delicious! Delicious! I want two more bowls today! " Eating authentic hometown food, He Bo, a representative of returning workers, said happily.

site of activity

"Over the past year, the vast number of workers have actively participated in the fiery practice of" fighting for the economy and building ".Everyone has worked hard, silently contributed and strived for self-improvement, creating a good living environment for their families and setting a good image for their hometown." Zhu Jun, vice chairman of the Neijiang Economic Development Zone Federation of Trade Unions, expressed his gratitude to the workers for their hard work. He hoped that in the new year, everyone would continue to work hard, make positive progress and write a happier and better life with practical actions.

"I used to work outside and rarely went home. I finally came back this time and saw that my hometown has changed a lot and developed very well. I am sincerely happy! " Wang Jun, a representative of returning migrant workers, said that he did not intend to go out to work this year, but wanted to find a company at the "doorstep" to make his own contribution to the development of his hometown.

Recruitment activities

On the day of the group annual banquet, the Neijiang Economic Development Zone Federation of Trade Unions also presented Spring Festival couplets to representatives of returning workers and distributed home-going gift packages; The Employment and Social Security Bureau of the Joint District conducted on-site recruitment activities, providing more than 900 job information of 14 enterprises; Cooperate with Neijiang Rural Commercial Bank to carry out financial knowledge publicity activities and protect the "money bag" of returning workers with heart and affection.

Blacklist, duty on the road, exam! There is always a takeaway brother who is ＂suitable＂ for traffic violations.

CCTV News:Shanghai Pudong police recently notified several major traffic accidents involving take-away riders and punished the enterprises involved.

As can be seen from the monitoring screen, in October last year, two take-away riders drove electric cars in tandem on the non-motor vehicle lane in order to save time. As a result, the rear rider mishandled and ran into the front car, causing the rear rider to fall to the ground and be injured. He died after being rescued by the hospital. On January 2 this year, when a man was driving a two-wheeled scooter, he collided with a takeaway rider who was driving in the opposite direction. The man fell and was injured and died after being treated by the hospital.

Takeaway riders are ordered to rectify traffic violations.

According to the statistics of the traffic police department on the types of traffic violations committed by take-away riders in January 2019, the number of times of "driving electric bicycles in reverse" was 1777, ranking first in traffic violations. For the case that the main responsibility of traffic safety management of take-away enterprises is not implemented in place, the traffic police department also imposed fines on several take-away enterprises and full-time traffic safety management personnel of enterprises and ordered them to make rectification.

A takeaway rider was blacklisted for repeatedly breaking the law.

In the list of take-away riders with frequent traffic violations by take-away enterprises in Pudong New Area in January 2019, a take-away rider broke the law 13 times in one month, with a score as high as 40 points, and was finally blacklisted by take-away enterprises, becoming the first case in Pudong New Area to be blacklisted by take-away enterprises due to traffic violations.

Li Chun, head of Shanghai regional security of a takeaway enterprise:Deduct 36 points in a quarter, which shows that you are a rider who often violates the law. Our company considers others for its own sake, so we pull the black with the industry.

Score management for riders’ traffic violations.

Since the end of 2017, the traffic police department in Pudong, Shanghai has worked out the "Traffic Civilization Scoring Method" in consultation with the express delivery and take-away enterprises within its jurisdiction, and managed the rider’s traffic violations through the "Take-away Traffic Civilization" APP with personal information.

Lu Wei, Captain of Che Xuan Brigade of Traffic Police Detachment of Pudong Branch of Shanghai Public Security Bureau:For other riders with scores over 24 to 36, we ask them to be on duty for an hour on the road to carry out voluntary activities of traffic civilization. There are also some riders who break the law more, and we ask them to pass online tests to improve their awareness of law-abiding.

China Fucai sold hundreds of billions in nine months. Where is all the money spent？

Data Map: A lottery site in Beijing (Source: Zhongxin. com)

Recently, the website of the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection released confession videos of four former leaders of China Welfare Lottery Issuance Management Center, which triggered heated public opinion. Combined with the data previously released by the Ministry of Finance, the total sales of lottery tickets nationwide reached 383.498 billion yuan in the first three quarters, of which 165.311 billion yuan was sold by welfare lottery institutions. With such huge sales, the topic of welfare lottery fund management can easily be derived from public opinion.

Welfare lottery was developed under the background of social system reform and social welfare system reconstruction in China. Since its establishment, the welfare lottery has held high the welfare banner of "helping the elderly, helping the disabled, saving the orphans and helping the needy", accumulated a large amount of public welfare funds, and actively promoted public welfare projects, which has made outstanding contributions to the development of charity in China and awakened the public’s charity consciousness to a certain extent. However, there are some problems exposed in the development of welfare lottery, such as unclear functional orientation, opaque use of funds, lack of integrity in operating procedures, etc., which have aroused widespread concern in the whole society. Therefore, when developing welfare lottery, we should pay attention to the following relations:

The first is the relationship between public welfare and profit. Public welfare is the fundamental purpose of developing welfare lottery. On the premise of public welfare, it is a profit-making problem. Therefore, welfare lottery should focus on the rational distribution mechanism of fund raising, highlight the role of welfare lottery in public welfare undertakings, make profit-making serve public welfare, and prevent it from becoming a tool for individuals, companies and even government departments to make profits under the banner of public welfare.

The second is the relationship between state and market. Whether welfare lottery is managed by the government or operated by the market is very important for the development of welfare lottery. From the development history of the world welfare lottery, although lottery sales have a strong market-oriented color, lottery management has a strong national regulatory characteristics. For example, in Britain, there is a special national lottery committee in charge of the issuance and management of lottery tickets, and private operation of lottery tickets is not allowed. In the States that allow lottery tickets to be issued in the United States, there are also very clear purposes for the use of lottery profits, which are mainly used for public education, sports facilities construction, mass transportation systems, and housing construction for disabled veterans.

The third is the relationship between short-term and long-term. As a new thing in China, welfare lottery has broken through many taboos in concepts and systems in the field of social construction. In the short term, we should focus on the legislation and supervision of welfare lottery. In the long run, the development of welfare lottery still faces many uncertainties. For example, with the introduction of new regulations on the lottery industry, how will the public welfare and welfare of welfare lottery be reflected? Therefore, the theoretical research on welfare lottery should be strengthened to provide theoretical support and decision-making basis for relevant policy formulation.

The fourth is the relationship between locality and internationality. To develop welfare lottery, we should not only consider the traditional culture of China, but also respect the general law of its industry development. Welfare lottery should be based on China’s national conditions, emphasize its charitable nature, weaken gamblers’ psychology, and make welfare lottery serve social harmony and social security. At the same time, we need to clarify the responsibility of the central government and standardize the rules for the use of welfare lottery public welfare funds.

To sum up, we should pay attention to the following points in developing welfare lottery.

First, we must improve the management system. Establish and improve the management system of "national issuance-financial management-civil use-audit supervision" as soon as possible, and consider setting up a management organization similar to the National Welfare Lottery Committee or the National Lottery Committee to be responsible for the issuance management of welfare lottery tickets. Welfare lottery proceeds shall be incorporated into the special accounts of the central and local governments in a timely manner, and the civil affairs department shall put forward a plan for the use of welfare lottery proceeds, and be responsible for the organization and implementation of various welfare plans and projects. The audit department should supervise the above-mentioned links and form a closed loop of the system.

Second, we must enhance credibility. The operating procedures of welfare lottery should be standardized and transparent, and the operating cost, profit distribution and winning probability should be reasonably stipulated, so as to ensure the fairness and justice of the lottery management and enhance its social credibility.

Third, we must guide public opinion propaganda. Focus on public welfare, such as how many "Hope Primary Schools" have been donated by the Welfare Lottery Fund and how many poor people have been subsidized. It is necessary to weaken the gimmicky public opinion guidance on gameplay and winning information, and form a good charity culture atmosphere.

Fourth, the public welfare fund should be used transparently. The welfare lottery public welfare fund should give priority to the areas of people’s livelihood such as education, pension, protection of the disabled and children, regularly publish the income, expenditure and balance, and conduct a third-party evaluation on the use effect of funds to ensure the healthy operation of welfare lottery on the track of law and system.

(Han Keqing, Professor, School of Labor and Personnel, Renmin University of China, special author of overseas network)

Reporting/feedback

Dead trees in winter

Flourishing green leaves wither in winter, leaving only bare trunks, highlighting the impermanence of life and the power of nature.

Yidianhao Gehuashan

News clue reporting channel: download the "Qilu Yidian" APP in the application market, or search for the WeChat applet "Qilu Yidian", and 800 reporters in the province will wait for you to report online!

Reporting/feedback

ATFX continues to help the charity cause of the Aijue Cup and pass on the brand power.

Source: Financial Information

　　ATFX dynamics: On September 27th, 2022, local time, the Duke of Edinburgh Golf Cup (British Finals), led by the British royal family, officially started. Its main goal is to raise funds through national amateur golf tournament plans around the world to benefit young people and children in need around the world. This tournament is open to golf lovers all over the world, and it is divided into two stages: the preliminaries and the finals. This ATFX will appear in the 2022 British Finals, as well as the 2023 British and Mexican preliminaries, and practice a company’s social responsibility with practical actions. As a caring broker of contracts for differences, ATFX has once again become a sponsor of the event and has met the event for five consecutive years.

　　▲ATFX for the picture

　　Different from the usual events, this year’s events not only attracted the attention of many professional golfers, but also attracted many amateurs. As a sponsor of this tournament, ATFX also sent excellent players to participate in the competition, competing on the same stage with golf lovers and accomplished professional players all over the world. It is worth mentioning that in every game, different "dark horses" staged wonderful skill competitions, which also increased the interest of the event and the participation of players.

　　Not only that, ATFX also prepared a variety of stadium supplies for the contestants. Taking the basic supplies of the competition as an example, it customized and prepared exclusive golf balls, golf club bags, handbags, hats and towels for the contestants. ATFX brand can be seen from the entrance of the stadium to the whole stadium, which not only reflects the organizers’ attention to ATFX, but also is another friendly witness after we met with the Aijue Cup for five years.

　　▲ATFX for the picture

　　As a heavy sponsor of the event, Weems Chan, global marketing and brand director of ATFX, Matt Porter, operation director of professional customer service department of ATFX UK institutions, Marc Taylor, senior account manager of professional customer service department of ATFX UK institutions, and other members all appeared on the field to cheer for the next event. Among them, Marc Taylor and Matt Porter also participated in the Aijue Cup as players in this competition, and discussed their skills with golf enthusiasts on the field.

　　ATFX has been holding hands with Aijue Cup for five years.

　　Since 2018, ATFX has joined hands with Duke of Edinburgh Cup for five consecutive years to support this particularly "loving" activity with practical actions, which embodies the brand’s corporate social responsibility (CSR) concept of "value growth and giving back to society". As a highly active financial technology broker in the UK, ATFX has not only made great efforts in financial technology, but also actively participated in sports and charity. From 2018 to 2022, ATFX has helped young people all over the world with care and support. It is reported that it has sponsored more than 4,500,000 pounds in cash and helped 10,000 young people live a better life.

　　▲ATFX for the picture

　　In the second quarter of 2022, according to the report published by Finance Magnates, the authoritative media in the industry, ATFX ranked sixth in the world with the leading MT4 transaction volume, and the brand development momentum continued in the new quarter, and its own drift team was established in September. All these actions indicate that the brand will enter a period of rapid development. In sports events, the brand still maintains a high degree of enthusiasm. As can be seen from the continuous cooperation with the Aijue Cup, ATFX is highly recognized by its concept of advocating positive and caring for vulnerable groups, and the cooperation between top events and top brands will also form a strong alliance, which will not only promote the process of the final of the British Aijue Cup, but also provide a good platform for ATFX to display.

　　As an active promoter and practitioner of public welfare undertakings, ATFX has been involved in public welfare undertakings, from caring for the physical and mental health of children, teenagers to the elderly, to caring for students, helping environmental protection and ecological poverty alleviation to public health and safety. The brand’s charitable footprint has spread all over China, Britain, South Korea, Mexico and Southeast Asia and other countries and regions. In the face of social charity, ATFX often conveys the warmth of the enterprise with simple love, and supports charities everywhere with practical actions. An important reason why the Aijue Cup can continue to join hands with us is that we love and love to participate in charity. Similarly, ATFX also loves to cooperate with world-class charities and contribute to charity around the world.

　　Everyone gathers firewood, and ATFX has been well aware of this point since the brand was founded, so that it has always paid attention to public welfare and practiced it in the process of enterprise development. In the future, ATFX will continue to pay attention to charity, cooperate with charitable foundations in many ways, continuously increase investment in charity, take more social enterprise responsibilities with practical actions, and light up the love lights in more people’s hearts with actions, so that the power of love will become stronger and stronger.

Reporting/feedback

Shiyan issued a ＂reunion dinner＂ consumption reminder! Pay attention to these details.

The Spring Festival of the Year of the Dragon is approaching, and the New Year of the League is just around the corner. In order to ensure the food safety of the general public and have a healthy, peaceful and safe festival, on January 19th, Shiyan Market Supervision Bureau reminded the catering service units and consumers to keep in mind the food safety.

Reminder to catering service units

Standardize the processing operation.Operate with a valid Food Business License. Buy ingredients from formal channels to ensure that the ingredients are fresh and traceable. Separate raw and cooked processed foods, and cook them thoroughly to prevent cross-contamination. Do a good job in disinfection and cleaning of tableware and disposal of kitchen waste. It is strictly forbidden to process, sell and sell foods that do not meet the food safety requirements, such as corruption, deterioration and expiration, and shall not be overloaded.

Strict management personnel.Employees should obtain health certificates before taking up their posts, strictly follow the daily morning check-up system, carry out pre-job health check-up and body temperature monitoring, and employees with fever, cough, vomiting, diarrhea, pharyngeal inflammation and skin wounds or infections should leave their posts immediately. Employees should pay attention to personal hygiene, wear clean work clothes and masks, enter the food operation area after strict cleaning and disinfection of their hands, and their hair should not be exposed during operation, and they should not leave long nails, paint nail polish or wear accessories.

Strict procurement inspection.Clear the person responsible for purchasing and acceptance, and truthfully record the product name, specification, quantity, production batch number, shelf life, supplier name and contact information, purchase date and other information. When purchasing fresh meat and meat products, you should carefully check whether the supplier’s license is complete, whether there is a meat inspection and quarantine certificate, and whether the outer packaging and labeling of prepackaged meat products meet the requirements.

Manage in good faith according to law.It is strictly forbidden to operate ingredients with unknown sources; It is forbidden to purchase, store and use nitrite; It is strictly forbidden to purchase and use the meat of livestock and animals and their products that have died of illness, poisoning or unknown cause of death; It is forbidden to purchase, store and use wild animals and their products; It is strictly forbidden to process and sell illegal fishing catches and aquatic products of unknown origin; It is strictly forbidden to raise and slaughter livestock and animals on the spot in catering service places; It is forbidden to purchase, process and supply toxic, harmful and spoiled food; Illegal addition of non-edible substances and abuse of food additives are strictly prohibited.

Strict distribution management.Collective dining distribution units, central kitchens and online ordering, etc., advocate "non-contact" distribution and promote the use of "food safety seal". Clean and disinfect the distribution sites, delivery boxes, delivery vehicles, food containers and their packaging, and tightly package and seal the catering food to ensure that the food distribution process is not polluted.

Strictly mark the price clearly.Clearly mark the service items, service contents, prices or valuation methods in a conspicuous way. Do not sell goods or provide services at a higher price than the marked price, and do not charge any unspecified fees; When carrying out promotional activities, the information of the activities shall be fully, truly, accurately, clearly and conspicuously marked, and false or misleading pricing methods shall not be used to mislead relevant operators and consumers and infringe on consumers’ rights and interests.

Reminder to consumers

Prefer qualified merchants to eat.When dining out or ordering food, you should choose a catering unit with legal and valid Food Business License, quantitative evaluation grades of A and B, and good sanitary conditions. Do not order take-away food of unknown origin. When ordering a large number of meals as a group meal, you should order from a unit with the qualification of group meal distribution.

Homemade dishes to prevent safety risks.Homemade dishes for family dinners and gatherings should ensure that perishable food raw materials and cooked food products can be stored under refrigerated conditions; The prepared meals should be eaten within 2 hours after completion, and should not be stored at room temperature for a long time; Don’t abuse food additives when making food.

Pay attention to safety and nutrition when choosing ingredients.Do not eat foods of unknown origin and foods that have deteriorated, have incomplete packaging labels or have exceeded the shelf life; Do not eat illegal food, eat little or no raw aquatic products, and be careful to eat high-risk foods such as cold meat and cold dishes, green beans and wild mushrooms; Try not to choose foods that are not often eaten or allergic, especially for people who are pregnant and weak; Eat more light and healthy foods such as fresh vegetables and fruits rich in cellulose and vitamins, do not overeat, mix meat and vegetables, and have a balanced diet.

Advocate frugal and civilized consumption fashion.During the Spring Festival dinner, we should establish a correct concept of consumption, order food according to needs, consume in a civilized and rational way, advocate the use of public chopsticks and spoons or separate meals, and eat in a civilized way, so as not to waste, compare with others and show off, and resolutely put an end to "waste on the tip of the tongue".

Rationally safeguard one’s own rights and interests according to law.Dining consumption should take the initiative to ask for bills and vouchers and keep them properly. If you feel unwell after eating food, you should immediately stop eating suspicious food, seek medical treatment as soon as possible, and keep suspicious food samples, consumption vouchers, medical records and other relevant evidence. In the event of a consumer dispute, you can negotiate with the merchant in time; If negotiation fails, consumers can log on to the national 12315 platform (website:http://www.12315.cn/), 12315 mobile APP, 12315 WeChat applet, 315 reconciliation platform applet or call 12315 and 12345 to make a complaint or report.

Reporting/feedback

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