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Tesla： A data platform for car owners is being developed and is expected to go online this year.

[Global Network Technology Comprehensive Report] On May 6, according to insiders of Tesla, in order to allow users to freely view the background data of vehicles, an online information system platform is currently being developed for all car owners to query and obtain the data of vehicle-machine interaction. It is expected to go online during the year.

Previously, after the rights protection incident of Tesla Shanghai Auto Show, Tesla provided the car owners with the vehicle data 30 minutes before the accident according to the requirements of Zhengzhou Market Supervision Administration, and also announced the driving data 1 minute before the accident. However, once the data was published, it was hotly debated, and even some voices questioned the authenticity of the data. According to industry insiders, with the frequent occurrence of autonomous driving rights protection incidents, the public’s demand for car companies to directly disclose vehicle data to car owners is increasing. Tesla’s research and development of information system platform at this time may be just to deal with such problems.

"But for the protection of users’ privacy, at present, individual users want to obtain vehicle data, and they need to apply for a written request through government supervision departments such as the Public Security Law." Tesla said. However, we still don’t know what kind of vehicle information this data can query and whether it can reflect the real driving state of vehicles through these data.

However, according to Tesla, Tesla vehicle data is that the vehicle gateway reads the signals of various parts in the car and stores them in encrypted form. The stored data is recorded by encryption technology, so it is impossible to directly read, modify or delete related data. The background vehicle related data is transferred from the server, which is transmitted to the vehicle by various sensors during driving and then to the server through the network. It is authentic and complete vehicle data.

Public security department reminds： beware of ＂white strip＂ online shopping cash scam

　　Xinhua News Agency, Chongqing, November 14 (Reporter Ke Gaoyang) used the "white note" of spending first and paying later to buy online for others in order to cash out, but he became the buyer. The public security department of Chongqing recently investigated a fraud case of "white-striped" online shopping, and criminals used the victim’s eagerness to cash out to defraud. The public security department reminded us to be wary of this kind of online shopping cash scam under the guise of "white bars".

　　At the end of October this year, Mr. Tang, a citizen of Chongqing, saw an advertisement in the QQ group. The other party said that he could "cash out" the service by helping online shopping. After adding WeChat, Mr. Tang, who is in urgent need of money, was taught "cheats", claiming that he could cash out through the "white note" payment method of spending first and paying later on the shopping website. Just buy a specific commodity with a "white note" on the shopping website first, and then send it to the designated receiving address, and you can receive cash after the goods are sold. After the two sides talked it over, the other party sent a mobile phone shopping link worth 4199 yuan, and Mr. Tang paid it with a "white note" and sent it to the designated place of the other party.

　　After two days, Mr. Tang learned that the other party had signed for the mobile phone and asked the other party to transfer money. The other party shirked it with the excuse that the mobile phone was not sold, and then simply did not return the information. Mr. Tang found himself in a scam and alerted the Jiulongpo District Public Security Bureau in Chongqing.

　　Through careful investigation, the police arrested the suspect Li through comprehensive judgment and control. After the trial, Li confessed to the fraud, and also confessed to two other frauds with the same method. The amount involved in three cases was more than 12,000 yuan.

　　The public security department reminded that online shopping fraud patterns are frequent in recent years. In order to prevent online shopping fraud, don’t click on strange websites or scan suspicious QR codes when shopping online, and don’t transfer money to strangers at will; Online shopping should take formal channels as far as possible to avoid private transactions; When you receive a call from "customer service" saying that the shopping is unsuccessful, the package is damaged and lost, etc., you should be vigilant and verify it through formal channels. In case of fraud, pay attention to keeping relevant evidence for public security organs to investigate.

Physical examination standard

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　General standards for physical examination of civil servants (for Trial Implementation)

　　Article 1 Organic heart diseases such as rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, coronary heart disease, congenital heart disease and Keshan disease are unqualified. Those with congenital heart disease who do not need surgery or who are cured by surgery are qualified.

　　In case of any of the following circumstances, the rational change of heart disease is ruled out and qualified:

　　(a) the heart auscultation physiological murmur;

　　(2) Preoccasional contractions less than 6 times per minute (strictly controlled by those with a history of myocarditis);

　　(3) The heart rate is 5o-60 beats or 100-110 beats per minute;

　　(4) Other circumstances in which the electrocardiogram is abnormal.

　　Article 2 If the blood pressure is within the following range, it is qualified:

　　Systolic blood pressure is 90mmhg-140mmhg (12.00-18.66kpa);

　　Diastolic pressure is 60 mmhg-90 mmhg (8.00-12.00 kpa).

　　Article 3 Blood disease, unqualified. Simple iron deficiency anemia, with hemoglobin higher than 90g/L in men and 80g/L in women, is qualified.

　　Article 4 Tuberculosis is unqualified. But the following conditions are qualified:

　　(a) primary pulmonary tuberculosis, secondary pulmonary tuberculosis, tuberculous pleurisy, stable for 1 year after clinical cure;

　　(2) Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: renal tuberculosis, bone tuberculosis, peritoneal tuberculosis, lymph node tuberculosis, etc., which have not recurred for 2 years after clinical cure and have not changed after examination in specialized hospitals.

　　Article 5 Chronic bronchitis with obstructive emphysema, bronchiectasis and bronchial asthma is unqualified.

　　Sixth serious chronic stomach and intestinal diseases, unqualified. Gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer has healed, there is no bleeding history within 1 year, and those who have no symptoms for more than 1 year are qualified; Those who have no serious complications after subtotal gastrectomy are qualified.

　　Seventh kinds of acute and chronic hepatitis, unqualified. The carrier of hepatitis B pathogen is qualified if hepatitis is excluded after examination.

　　Article 8 All kinds of malignant tumors and liver cirrhosis are unqualified.

　　Article 9 Acute and chronic nephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, polycystic kidney disease and renal insufficiency are unqualified.

　　Tenth diabetes, diabetes insipidus, acromegaly and other endocrine system diseases, unqualified. Those who have no symptoms and signs for one year after hyperthyroidism is cured are qualified.

　　Article 11 Those who have a history of epilepsy, mental illness, hysteria, nocturnal sleepwalking, severe neurosis (frequent headache, dizziness, insomnia, obvious memory loss, etc.), and psychoactive substance abuse and dependence are unqualified.

　　Twelfth lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis and/or polymyositis, scleroderma, polyarteritis nodosa, rheumatoid arthritis and other diffuse connective tissue diseases, Takayasu arteritis, unqualified.

　　Thirteenth advanced schistosomiasis, advanced filariasis with rubber swelling or chyluria, unqualified.

　　Fourteenth skull defect, intracranial foreign body retention, brain malformation, post-traumatic syndrome, unqualified.

　　Fifteenth severe chronic osteomyelitis, unqualified.

　　Sixteenth degree simple goiter, unqualified.

　　Seventeenth gallstones or urinary stones with obstruction are unqualified.

　　Eighteenth gonorrhea, syphilis, chancre, sexually transmitted lymphogranuloma, condyloma acuminatum, genital herpes, AIDS, unqualified.

　　Nineteenth binocular corrected vision is less than 0.8 (standard logarithmic vision 4.9) or eye disease with obvious visual impairment, unqualified.

　　Article 20 Both ears have hearing impairment, and those who can’t hear when they whisper within 3 meters when wearing hearing AIDS are not qualified.

　　Twenty-first other serious diseases that are not included in the medical examination standards and affect the normal performance of duties are unqualified.

　　　　Notice on Revising the General Standard of Civil Servant Employment Physical Examination (Trial) and the Operation Manual of Civil Servant Employment Physical Examination (Trial)

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　No.19 [2010] issued by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security

Departments (bureaus) of human resources and social security (personnel) of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, Civil Service Bureau, Health Department (bureau), Personnel Bureau and Health Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and personnel (cadre) departments of various ministries and commissions in the State Council:

　　According to the requirements of the State Council, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Health jointly issued the Notice on Further Standardizing the Admission and Employment Physical Examination Items and Safeguarding the Admission and Employment Rights of HBsAg Carriers (No.12 [2010] issued by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security). According to the provisions of the document, the relevant matters concerning the revision of the General Standard for Civil Servant Employment Physical Examination (Trial) and the Operation Manual for Civil Servant Employment Physical Examination (Trial) are hereby notified as follows:

　　First, the "general standard of civil service recruitment physical examination (Trial)" Article 7 "All kinds of acute and chronic hepatitis, unqualified. The carrier of hepatitis B pathogen is qualified if hepatitis is excluded after examination. " Revised as "all kinds of acute and chronic hepatitis, unqualified".

　　Two, the revision of the "civil service recruitment physical examination operation manual (Trial)" article 3, article 7 "on hepatitis" content (see annex).

　　Third, the article 1.3.5 in "Physical Examination Items and Operating Procedures" in Chapter 2 of "Manual for Physical Examination of Civil Servants (Trial)" 3) "Grading of goiter: I degree, those who can’t see the enlargement but can touch it; Second degree, swelling can be seen, but it can also touch but not exceed the anterior edge of sternocleidomastoid muscle; Third degree, goiter exceeds the anterior edge of sternocleidomastoid muscle. " Revised as "Grading of goiter: I degree, which can not be seen but can be touched; ⅱ degree, swelling can be seen and touched, but it is within sternocleidomastoid muscle; ⅲ degree, exceeding the outer edge of sternocleidomastoid muscle. "

　　Fourth, the eighth line of 6.3.3 in the Physical Examination Items and Operating Procedures in Chapter 2 of the Manual for Physical Examination of Civil Servants (Trial) is revised as "Serum ALT is more than 1 time higher than the upper limit of the reference value".

　　5. Amend Article 7.2 (3) of Physical Examination Items and Operating Procedures in Chapter 2 of the Manual for Physical Examination of Civil Servants (for Trial Implementation) to read "No conclusion for the time being: generally speaking, further examination is needed", which generally means re-examination or further examination is needed.

　　VI. Revise the "occasional benign premature beats" in 1.1.6 (4) (14) of Chapter 3 "Detailed Rules for the Implementation of General Standards for Civil Servants’ Employment Physical Examination (Trial)" to "occasional premature beats".

　　VII. Revise "Pre-excitation syndrome with tachycardia history" as "Pre-excitation syndrome" in Item 4) and Item 5 (20) of Article 3 "Implementation Rules of General Standard for Civil Servant Employment Physical Examination (Trial)" in the Operating Manual for Civil Servant Employment.

　　VIII. The 10.3.3 "This Manual revises the threshold value of impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG) to 5.7-6.9mmol/L" in Chapter 3 "Implementation Rules of General Standards for Physical Examination of Civil Servants (for Trial Implementation)" is revised to "This Manual revises impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG).

　　All localities and departments should conscientiously implement the revised General Standard for Civil Servant Recruitment Physical Examination (Trial) and the Manual for Civil Servant Recruitment Physical Examination (Trial), and earnestly do a good job in civil servant recruitment physical examination.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　health department
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　March 8, 2010
　

Attachment: Revision of Article 7 "About Hepatitis" in Chapter 3 of the Manual for Physical Examination of Civil Servants (Trial)

　　Seventh kinds of acute and chronic hepatitis, unqualified.

　　7.1 The article explains that the liver, like other parts of the human body, can also have inflammation, swelling, pain and hepatocyte necrosis for various reasons, which is manifested by the significant increase of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in liver biochemical examination. There are many causes of hepatitis, the most common one in clinic is viral hepatitis caused by hepatitis virus, in addition to alcoholic hepatitis, drug hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, hereditary metabolic liver disease and many other types. Hepatitis is very harmful to human health, especially viral hepatitis has been listed as a legal class B infectious disease, which may develop into cirrhosis in the later stage. Therefore, all kinds of patients with hepatitis, whether acute or chronic, are judged to be unqualified once diagnosed.

　　7.1.1 Viral hepatitis is a common infectious disease caused by hepatitis virus, which has the characteristics of strong infectivity, wide epidemic area and high incidence rate. The main clinical manifestations are fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, liver pain, hepatomegaly and hepatocyte damage, and some patients may have jaundice and fever. According to the different pathogenic viruses, viral hepatitis can be divided into many types. At present, there are five internationally recognized viral hepatitis types: A, B, C, D and E. Among them, hepatitis A and hepatitis E are mostly acute and belong to self-limiting diseases. After treatment, most patients recover in 3 ~ 6 months and generally do not turn into chronic hepatitis. Hepatitis B, C and D are easy to develop into chronic diseases, a few of them can develop into posthepatitic cirrhosis, and a few of them show severe course. Chronic hepatitis B and C are closely related to the occurrence of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

　　7.1.2 Other hepatitis includes alcoholic hepatitis, drug-induced hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, ischemic hepatitis, hereditary metabolic liver disease, chronic hepatitis with unknown causes, etc., which are briefly described as follows:

　　1) Alcoholic hepatitis: liver damage caused by long-term heavy drinking. In addition to alcohol itself can directly damage liver cells, acetaldehyde, a metabolite of alcohol, also has obvious toxic effect on liver cells, which leads to degeneration and necrosis of liver cells, and then fibrosis, and in severe cases, liver cirrhosis can be caused by repeated hepatitis attacks. Clinically, alcoholic hepatitis can be divided into three stages, namely alcoholic fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis, which can exist alone or simultaneously.

　　2) Drug-induced hepatitis: The liver is an important organ for drug concentration, transformation and metabolism, and most drugs are eliminated in the liver by biotransformation. However, some drugs will damage liver cells in clinic, resulting in degeneration and necrosis of liver cells and abnormal biochemical examination of liver, leading to acute or chronic drug-induced hepatitis, such as isoniazid, rifampicin and sulfonamides. Drug-induced liver cell damage can be divided into two categories. One is dose-dependent damage, that is, the drug will only cause liver cell damage when it reaches a certain high dose, such as alcoholic hepatitis. The other is allergic drug poisoning, that is, individuals will have a strong allergic reaction to certain drugs, and once they take these drugs (regardless of the dose), they can cause liver cell damage. Most of these patients are accompanied by other related allergic manifestations, such as acute urticaria and eosinophilia in the blood.

　　3) Autoimmune hepatitis: This disease is mainly seen in young and middle-aged women, and its onset is mostly hidden or slow, and its clinical manifestations are similar to those of chronic hepatitis B.. Mild symptoms are not obvious, only abnormal liver biochemical examination occurs; In severe cases, fatigue, jaundice, skin itching and other symptoms may occur, which often develop into cirrhosis in the later stage, often accompanied by autoimmune diseases of extrahepatic system, such as thyroiditis and ulcerative colitis.

　　4) Ischemic hepatitis: Ischemic hepatitis is the secondary damage of liver cells caused by various related primary diseases, such as heart failure caused by cardiovascular diseases, venous blood can not return to the heart and stay in the liver, resulting in hyperemia and swelling of the liver, degeneration and necrosis of liver cells and abnormal biochemical examination of the liver.

　　5) Hereditary metabolic liver disease: refers to a group of diseases caused by hereditary metabolic disorder. Their common feature is that they have some metabolic disorder, and the lesions involve the liver and other organs and tissues at the same time. Therefore, in addition to hepatomegaly and liver function damage, the clinical manifestations are accompanied by corresponding symptoms, signs and abnormal laboratory examination of damaged organs and tissues. Such as hepatolenticular degeneration, hematoporphyria, glycogen storage disease and hepatic amyloidosis.

　　6) Chronic hepatitis with unknown causes: it is not a specific type of hepatitis, but only refers to some hepatitis with unknown etiology and medical history. With the development of medical science and technology, these diseases will find out the specific causes and gradually decrease. It is estimated that about a quarter of this kind of hepatitis is caused by virus.

　　7.2 Diagnostic Points

　　1. Liver examination:

　　1) Routine detection of ALT and AST, these two enzymes can be increased in the incubation period and early onset of hepatitis, which is helpful for early diagnosis.

　　2) Abdominal B-ultrasound: The sonogram of viral hepatitis often shows diffuse liver disease, but the liver diseases caused by drug hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and various metabolic diseases can also show diffuse changes, which are difficult to distinguish on the sonogram. Therefore, it is necessary to make a comprehensive analysis in combination with clinical and other examination results.

Ultrasonic manifestations of diffuse liver disease: The acute stage is characterized by hepatomegaly, low echo of liver parenchyma and sparse light spots. Some patients may have biliary system changes, gallbladder wall thickening and mucosal edema with low echo. In persistent cases, the liver is enlarged, the liver echo is enhanced, uneven, and the light spot is thick, which may be accompanied by spleen enlargement or/and portal vein diameter widening.

　　2. Criteria:

　　1) The increase of serum ALT or AST exceeds the upper limit of reference value by 2 times (for example, the upper limit of normal reference value is X, and exceeding the upper limit of reference value by 2 times means exceeding 2X), and it is unqualified.

　　2) The increase of serum ALT or AST does not exceed 2 times of the upper limit of the reference value, but the B-ultrasound image shows diffuse liver disease (except fatty liver), which is unqualified.

　　As a selective physical examination, the epidemiological data, clinical symptoms and etiological data of the subjects are often unreliable, and the signs are generally not obvious. Therefore, hepatitis should be diagnosed or excluded mainly based on liver biochemistry and abdominal B-ultrasound examination.

　　7.3 Precautions

　　7.3.1 All hepatitis detection items are not allowed to be tested for hepatitis B..

　　7.3.2 The liver biochemical examination in civil servants’ physical examination refers to ALT and AST. If the detection value is slightly abnormal (that is, not more than 2 times the upper limit of the reference value), and other detection results are normal, the conclusion that the physical examination is qualified can be directly made.

　　7.3.3 The diagnosis of hepatitis includes clinical diagnosis, etiological diagnosis and pathological diagnosis. As a physical examination, it is only necessary to make a conclusion on whether it is qualified according to the criteria, and the invasive pathological diagnosis method of liver puncture is not suitable as an auxiliary examination item.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Special standards for physical examination of civil servants (for Trial Implementation)

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　No.82 [2010] issued by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security

　　This standard is applicable to candidates who apply for civil servants with special physical requirements. Candidates who apply for positions of civil servants with special requirements for physical conditions shall meet the requirements of the General Standard for Physical Examination of Civil Servants (Trial) and the relevant positions in this standard for physical conditions.
　
　　The first part of the people’s police positions

　　Article 1 One-sided naked eye vision is less than 4.8, and it is unqualified (except for professional and technical positions in state security organs). Forensic medicine, physical evidence inspection and identification, information and communication, network security management, financial accounting, foreign language and minority language translation, traffic safety technology, safety prevention technology, explosive ordnance disposal, police dog technology and other positions, unilateral corrected vision is less than 5.0, unqualified.

　　Article 2 color blindness, unqualified. Weak color, forensic, physical evidence inspection and appraisal positions, unqualified.

　　Article 3 Skin diseases that affect the face and are difficult to cure (such as vitiligo, psoriasis, hemangioma, spotted nevus, etc.), or obvious disease features (such as facial deformity, torticollis that cannot be corrected by itself, abnormal gait, etc.), are unqualified.

　　Article 4 Tattoos are unqualified.

　　Article 5 Limb dysfunction is unqualified.

　　Article 6 If the hearing of one-sided whisper is less than 5 meters, it is unqualified.

　　Article 7 The sense of smell is dull and unqualified.

　　Article 8 HBV pathogen carriers, special police positions, are unqualified.

　　Article 9 China Civil Aviation air marshal’s position is 170-185cm in height, and meets the medical standard of Class IVb medical certificate (except item 67.415-c) in the Management Rules of Medical Standards and Medical Certificate for Civil Aviation Personnel in China, and is qualified.

　　Article 10 The national standards for the health examination of seafarers and the Notice on Adjusting the Requirements for the Health Examination of Seafarers (H.J. [2010] No.306) shall also be implemented in the customs’ maritime anti-smuggling ship driving position, maritime anti-smuggling marine engineer management position, maritime anti-smuggling inspection position and entry-exit frontier inspection ship driving position.

　　Part II Other positions

　　Article 11. The posts of on-site passenger inspection at ports, customs cargo inspection, surveying and mapping and map printing, medical inspection, textile inspection supervision, instrument inspection supervision, cosmetics inspection supervision and animal and plant quarantine are unqualified; Color blindness (except those with normal monochrome recognition ability), positions in foreign affairs departments, electromechanical inspection and supervision positions, chemical products inspection and supervision positions, chemical mineral products inspection and supervision positions, coal mine safety supervision and law enforcement positions and boarding quarantine appraisal positions are unqualified.

　　Twelfth physical dysfunction, coal mine safety supervision and law enforcement positions, boarding quarantine appraisal positions, on-site inspection positions and customs cargo inspection positions, unqualified.

　　Article 13 The hearing of both sides whispering is less than 5 meters, and the positions of electromechanical inspection and supervision, chemical products inspection and supervision, chemical and mineral products inspection and supervision, animal quarantine and coal mine safety supervision and law enforcement are unqualified.

　　Article 14 The positions of food inspection supervision, cosmetics inspection supervision, animal and plant quarantine, medical inspection, health quarantine, chemical products inspection supervision and customs goods inspection are unqualified.

　　Fifteenth infectious, suppurative or exudative skin diseases, medical inspection posts, health and quarantine posts, food inspection and supervision posts, cosmetics inspection and supervision posts, animal and plant quarantine posts, chemical products inspection and supervision posts and port on-site passenger inspection posts are unqualified.

　　Article 16 The positions of flight technical supervision of civil aviation in China shall be subject to the medical standards of Class I (except item 67.115(5)) or Class II medical certificate in the Administrative Rules on Medical Standards and Medical Certificate of Civil Aviation Personnel in China.

　　Article 17 For the position of water operators, the national standards for the health examination of seafarers and the Notice on Adjusting the Requirements for the Health Examination of Seafarers (H.J. [2010] No.306) shall be implemented.

Opinions of Beijing Municipal People’s Government on Further Improving the System and Mechanism of Air Pollution Prevention and Control and Promoting the Continuous Improvement of Air Quality

Jing Zheng Fa [2015] No.29

The people’s governments of the districts and counties, the commissions, offices and bureaus of the municipal government, and the municipal institutions:

　　In order to implement the spirit of Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Accelerating the Construction of Ecological Civilization (Zhongfa [2015] No.12), thoroughly implement the Environmental Protection Law and the Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in Beijing, further improve the system and mechanism of air pollution prevention in this Municipality, continuously enhance the effectiveness of air pollution prevention and control, and continuously improve air quality, we hereby put forward the following opinions.

　　I. Guiding ideology

　　Thoroughly implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee, thoroughly study and implement the series of important speeches of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the spirit of important instructions on Beijing’s work, actively adapt to the new normal of economic development, and adhere to and strengthen the strategic positioning of the capital city, with the construction of ecological civilization as the guide, the prevention and control of fine particulate pollution as the focus, and the reform and innovation of institutional mechanisms as the driving force. Adhere to the combination of government regulation and market regulation, pay equal attention to treating both the symptoms and root causes and special rectification, coordinate normal control and emergency emission reduction, coordinate local pollution control and regional joint prevention and control, improve the comprehensive control system, and comprehensively improve the prevention and control ability, so as to provide good air quality guarantee and environmental support for building a world-class harmonious and livable capital.

　　Second, improve the air pollution prevention and control system

　　(1) Strengthen overall coordination at the municipal level. Put the prevention and control of air pollution in a more prominent position, and further improve the comprehensive decision-making, coordinated implementation, supervision and assessment and accountability mechanism at the municipal level. Clarify the responsibility of various departments for air pollution prevention and control, further improve the working mechanism of unified supervision by environmental protection departments and division of responsibilities by relevant departments, and effectively avoid overlapping responsibilities or forming management gaps. Further promote the establishment of inter-departmental cooperation, information sharing and collaborative linkage mechanisms, focus on forming a joint force of supervision, and promote the better implementation of various air pollution prevention and control measures.

　　(2) Strengthen the territorial management responsibilities of districts and counties. The district and county governments are responsible for the air quality in their respective jurisdictions. According to the city’s air quality improvement objectives, the district and county governments have formulated and implemented the work plan for air pollution prevention and control in their respective jurisdictions, issued supporting policies, increased capital investment, and decomposed the objectives and tasks into streets (towns) and relevant departments, strengthened guidance, coordination, supervision and assessment, paid close attention to the implementation of the work, and strived to achieve continuous improvement of air quality.

　　(three) to lay a solid foundation for street (township) work. Based on the principle of strengthening grassroots environmental protection forces and promoting the shift of supervision focus, we will further improve the grassroots supervision system and enhance the basic supervision ability. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the Environmental Protection Law, further clarify and implement the environmental protection responsibilities of streets (townships), and streets (townships) should have institutions and personnel responsible for environmental protection work.

　　Three, the implementation of polluters’ main responsibility for pollution control

　　(4) Strengthen corporate governance. Supervise and urge enterprises to establish a responsibility system for atmospheric environmental protection, set up special funds for environmental protection and continuously increase investment in pollution control, and strengthen the construction and operation management of air pollution prevention and control facilities. Vigorously promote clean production, actively adopt advanced production technology and treatment technology, and continuously reduce the level of pollutant discharge. Accelerate the construction of a "sophisticated" industrial structure with high technology content, low resource consumption and less environmental pollution, promote the greening of production methods, and strive to cultivate and form new economic growth points.

　　(five) improve the enterprise environmental behavior report and environmental credit evaluation system. Guide and urge enterprises to actively and truthfully disclose environmental information such as pollutant discharge and operation of pollution control facilities. Encourage enterprises to prepare and publish annual environmental behavior reports and consciously accept social supervision. Incorporate corporate environmental behavior into the social credit system, and list illegal enterprises in the "blacklist" and make them public, and restrict or prohibit them in government procurement, project bidding, land use approval, investment and financing, financial awards and subsidies according to law.

　　(6) Promoting the common pollution control of the whole people. Guide the public to start from themselves and small things, consciously practice the concept of green life, and accelerate the transformation of lifestyle and consumption pattern to thrift, green, low-carbon, civilized and healthy. Incorporate environmental protection courses into the national education and cadre education and training system, and constantly improve the environmental awareness and quality of the whole people. We will improve the volunteer service system for environmental protection, actively mobilize various public welfare organizations to carry out extensive environmental public welfare activities, and strive to cultivate an environmental culture with the characteristics of the capital.

　　Fourth, improve the public policy of air pollution prevention and control

　　(7) Optimizing public finance policies. Incorporate air pollution prevention and control funds into the public budget, increase investment, and gradually improve the fund guarantee and use mechanism to ensure that the prevention and control needs are met. Explore the implementation of financial support policies conducive to air quality improvement, and guide and encourage district and county governments to further strengthen air pollution prevention and control. Increase incentives and subsidies for clean energy transformation, research and application of new energy, upgrading of pollution control facilities, and adjustment and withdrawal of polluting enterprises, and guide pollutant discharge units to take the initiative to carry out pollution control and emission reduction. Further promote the government to purchase services from social forces, give priority to purchasing energy-saving and environmental protection products under the same conditions, and promote the development of energy-saving and environmental protection industries.

　　(eight) improve the environmental tax policy. Establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for pollutant discharge fee standards, ensure that the cost of pollution discharge is not lower than the cost of pollution control, and guide pollutant discharge units to actively increase pollution control. Levy dust pollution charges on construction sites, study the collection of volatile organic compounds pollution charges, and implement differentiated collection policies, with half of those that are superior to emission standards and double those that are not up to standard. Study and formulate relevant policies to reduce the intensity of motor vehicle use and reduce pollutant emissions. Combined with the negative list management model, we will establish a differentiated and stepped price policy for water and electricity that reflects the cost of environmental resources, and promote the adjustment and withdrawal of high-energy and high-pollution enterprises that do not meet the strategic positioning of the capital city.

　　(9) Strengthening financial and credit management policies. Vigorously develop green credit, increase support for energy-saving and environmental protection enterprises and projects, and strictly limit loans from environmentally illegal enterprises. On the basis of incorporating corporate environmental information into the bank’s credit information system, we will further improve the information sharing mechanism and increase economic constraints and supervision on corporate environmental violations. Organize inspection on the implementation of green credit policies by key financial institutions, and report the inspection results.

　　(ten) improve the total amount control and pollutant discharge permit system. Strictly implement the total amount control system of atmospheric pollutants, continuously improve pollutant discharge standards, establish a strict environmental protection standard system, and promote pollutant discharge units to reduce pollutant discharge. Establish a pollutant discharge permit management system, carry out pilot projects in key industries and key enterprises first, and gradually expand the scope of implementation. Explore and promote the pilot project of emission trading. Strictly implement the environmental impact assessment system of construction projects, and implement the substitution examination and approval system for the reduction of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, smoke and dust, etc.

　　(eleven) the establishment of atmospheric environmental capacity constraint system. Establish a rigid constraint mechanism of atmospheric environmental capacity on economic and social development and urban planning and construction. Establish a monitoring and early warning mechanism for atmospheric environmental carrying capacity, scientifically delineate the red line of ecological protection, and effectively control the scale and development intensity of urban and rural construction land. Work out the overall urban environmental planning, establish an overall linkage mechanism between the overall environmental planning and the national economic and social development planning, the overall urban planning and the overall land use planning, promote the "multi-regulation integration", and strive to effectively implement the air pollution prevention and control planning from the source.

　　Five, improve the ability of environmental supervision and law enforcement

　　(twelve) the implementation of environmental protection grid management. The district and county governments incorporate environmental protection work into the existing grid urban management platform, specifically implement environmental protection responsibilities to streets (towns) and communities (villages), and clarify the responsible persons one by one. Establish a dynamic updating and management mechanism of pollution sources based on grass-roots grid, improve the system of classification and reporting feedback, and strive to find and solve most environmental pollution problems at the grass-roots level at the first time. The supervision grid scheme is reported to the government at the next higher level for the record and made public.

　　(thirteen) heavy pollution control according to law. Departments of environmental protection, urban management and law enforcement, industry and commerce, quality supervision, public security and traffic control, etc. strictly follow the powers conferred by laws and regulations, and take measures such as continuous daily punishment, sealing up, detaining, restricting production, and stopping production for rectification, so as to increase the comprehensive punishment for environmental violations according to law. Malicious and illegal acts such as illegal discharge, illegal discharge of toxic and harmful pollutants, abnormal use of pollution prevention facilities, forgery or tampering with environmental monitoring data will be severely punished according to law.

　　(fourteen) to crack down on environmental crimes. Environmental protection departments and public security organs should strengthen the mutual connection and coordination between administrative law enforcement and criminal justice, establish joint meetings of joint law enforcement, permanent liaison officers and consultation and supervision of major cases, improve mechanisms such as case transfer, joint investigation and information sharing, and realize seamless connection between administrative punishment and criminal punishment. Public security organs should make it clear that institutions and personnel are responsible for investigating and handling environmental crimes, and those suspected of constituting environmental crimes should be promptly put on file for investigation according to law.

　　(fifteen) improve the reporting and handling and public opinion response mechanism. Improve the reward reporting system, encourage the public to actively report air pollution violations, and reward important verified reporting clues. Deal with illegal sewage discharge according to law, expose major and typical cases, regularly announce the handling of key environmental problems reported and complained by the masses, illegal units and their legal representatives, and form a high-pressure situation against illegal sewage discharge. We will improve the joint response mechanism for emergency public opinion on heavy air pollution, grasp the public opinion trends in time for major environmental events such as early warning of heavy air pollution, take the initiative to publicize and report, organize experts to interpret them in depth, and strive to win the understanding and support of the public.

　　Six, strict supervision and assessment and accountability

　　(sixteen) improve the joint inspection mechanism. Establish environmental protection supervision institutions, establish municipal environmental protection supervision mechanism, strengthen supervision and inspection on the implementation of environmental protection laws, regulations, standards, policies and plans by all districts, counties and departments, urge and promote key environmental control projects and solve major environmental pollution problems that are strongly reflected by the masses and cross-districts, and specially supervise the implementation of air pollution prevention and control work. We will improve the systems of joint inspection, key inspection and follow-up inspection, and improve the mechanisms of early warning, notification, loss, feedback, review and write-off of problems found in inspection.

　　(seventeen) improve the assessment and accountability mechanism. Conduct annual assessment on the completion of air quality improvement targets and key tasks of clean air action plan, and report the assessment results, which will serve as an important basis for comprehensive assessment and evaluation of leading bodies and leading cadres. Conduct interviews with district and county governments that fail to pass the annual assessment and urge the implementation of rectification; Those who fail to complete the objectives and tasks due to ineffective work, low administrative efficiency, and absence of performance will be investigated for responsibility in strict accordance with discipline and law. For the district and county governments and relevant departments of the municipal government that have not passed the final assessment, they will increase their accountability and interview the main responsible persons; If the problem is serious, the competent department of cadres shall make organizational adjustments according to the procedures. Audit institutions will audit the implementation of environmental protection laws, regulations and policies and the implementation of environmental protection target responsibility system when conducting economic responsibility audits of leading cadres of the party and government.

　　Seven, actively promote regional coordinated development.

　　(eighteen) to deepen regional joint prevention and control. Drawing lessons from the experience of Beijing Olympic Games and the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) meeting in regional air quality coordination, relying on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding air pollution prevention and control cooperation group, in accordance with the principles of fully considering regional differences, gradually improving top-level design, cracking common key issues, and uniformly strengthening regional linkage, we will focus on improving regional joint prevention and control mechanisms such as monitoring and early warning, information sharing, joint publicity, and emergency response to heavy air pollution. Formulate and implement long-term plans to deepen regional air pollution control, jointly control key air pollution sources such as motor vehicles, coal burning, cement, oil refining and petrochemical, and strive to achieve the overall improvement of regional environmental quality and regional coordinated development.

the people’s government of beijing city　　　　

June 13th, 2015　　

　　Attachment:

Division of key tasks

Table of key tasks. jpg

On December 1st, Yunnan added 3 confirmed cases from overseas and 1 asymptomatic infected person.

　　According to the report of Yunnan Health and Health Commission on December 2nd, there were 3 newly confirmed cases in the province from 0: 00 to 24: 00 on December 1st, all of which were imported from overseas (imported from Myanmar).

　　There are 67 confirmed cases imported from abroad. A total of 1274 cases were diagnosed, and 1207 cases were cured and discharged, with no death.

　　As of 24: 00 on December 1st, there were 101 confirmed cases in the province, 1,607 cases were cured and discharged, 2 cases died, and 1,710 confirmed cases were reported. A total of 31,805 close contacts were tracked, and 640 close contacts were still under medical observation.

　　One new asymptomatic infected person in the province was imported from abroad (imported from Laos); 2 cases were released from medical observation; 81 cases are still under medical observation (51 cases imported from abroad).

New energy vehicles： pick me up？ A complete interpretation of Shanghai’s regional policies

The license auction in July ended with the lowest transaction price of 88,300 yuan, which was higher than the lowest transaction price in June in 500 yuan. The price of the license plate and the success probability of 1: 20 make many car owners flinch from the Shanghai license plate, but they can’t get the license plate, so the time on the road can only be delayed.

For people living in Shanghai, it’s no news that "it’s hard to draw cards, but it’s hard to go to the sky". In recent years, the new energy vehicles that have gradually warmed up can be licensed for free. We use the data to help you make a comparison of car maintenance expenses. Look at new energy vehicles, is it worth picking up?

Say “No "to" eat dirt "

First of all, let’s calculate the car maintenance cost of choosing a new energy car.

We have sorted out five popular new energy vehicles for you, and after selecting them, we can know their charging costs and the fuel costs required by fuel vehicles with similar cost performance. Click view interaction > > >

It is not difficult to find that even charging your car with the most expensive electricity is cheaper than refueling.

According to the Blue Book of New Energy Vehicles: China New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Report (2017) issued by China Automobile Industry Association, the annual income of new energy vehicle users in second-and third-tier cities is mostly less than 200,000 yuan. Even in Shanghai, where the annual income is high, there are still 55% users whose annual income is less than 200,000 yuan.

The low cost of new energy vehicles has become a major reason for its popularity, and besides saving money on car maintenance, its threshold price for buying a car is not high.

According to the price data of "car home" website, we found that from 2017, the main market force of new energy vehicles in Shanghai changed from the original mid-priced vehicles (200,000-400,000) to low-priced vehicles (0,000-200,000). The reason why low-priced cars gradually stand out is that on the one hand, it costs less to buy and maintain cars; On the other hand, large-scale production and technological progress have greatly reduced the cost of production, and consumers can buy ideal new energy vehicles with less money-saving money and high quality, and more people choose, and the market share naturally increases. In addition, in recent years, the types of new energy vehicles have increased significantly. The number of models listed in the first half of 2018 alone reached nearly 4/5 of that in 2017.

Is it difficult to charge in Shanghai?

As a new technology, many people have concerns about its convenience. The most important thing is charging.

According to the information displayed on the charging map of www.evchargeonline.com, the only official platform designated by the Shanghai Municipal Government, we have captured 3,931 charging site data. It can be found that public charging piles are mainly distributed in the central city, while private charging piles account for the vast majority in the suburbs.

At present, the total number of charging piles in Shanghai is 31,235, but the number and density of charging stations in different administrative regions are quite different. Jinshan and Qingpu districts are the least friendly to new energy vehicles. In these areas where the distribution density of charging piles is low, the embarrassing situation that there is no charging station around the half-way car without electricity may occur. The distribution density of charging stations in some central cities such as Hongkou, Huangpu and Changning is in the forefront. Take Huangpu District as an example. Even in the city center, there are 4 charging stations per square kilometer, which is very convenient. Although the number of charging stations in Jiading, Minhang and Pudong New Area ranks in the top three, due to their large areas, the charging stations are scattered and diluted, and the charging convenience is still not as good as that in the upper corner.

Shanghai New Energy License Application Guide

If you have decided to choose a new energy vehicle, how can you enjoy the benefits of "free Shanghai brand"?

According to the Interim Measures for the Pilot Implementation of Encouraging Private Purchase and Use of New Energy Vehicles in Shanghai in 2012, consumers can get the Shanghai brand free of charge after purchasing a new energy vehicle of a specified model, with the identity certificate of Shanghai resident ID card or residence certificate and the car purchase invoice. In 2015, the application conditions were increased year by year, and having a fixed charging pile became a necessary condition. In 2016, the credit information link was added for the first time, and the requirements for applicants were stricter:

Non-Shanghai residents who hold a valid residence permit in this city and have paid social security in this city for one year in the past 24 months.

Shanghai residents with good credit status

Active servicemen and armed police

Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents, overseas Chinese and foreigners who hold valid identity documents and have lived in this city for more than one year.

In 2018, on this basis, the condition that there is no record of road traffic safety violations within one year was added.

The license policy may be gradually tightened. For cities with serious license restrictions, everyone can take a pit first!

The general trend of subsidy policy: cutting low and supplementing high

In recent years, the state has made several major adjustments to the subsidy policy for new energy vehicles. In 2016, the entry threshold for subsidies for pure electric vehicles was raised for the first time, and those with cruising range below 100km were no longer subsidized; In 2018, on this basis, the entry threshold for mileage will be raised to 150km, and the subsidy zone will be further divided. According to the country’s long-term plan for the new energy automobile industry, subsidies will be abolished in 2020, and new car owners will no longer be attracted by license and subsidy policies.

In addition to the change of cruising range division, from the trend of subsidy amount, since 2016, the subsidy amount of each mileage interval has been reduced, and the reduction rate has been maintained at least 20%, while the two new mileage division intervals of 300-400km and over 400km have gone against the current, which shows that with the normalization of new energy vehicles in recent years, "cutting low and supplementing high" is the general trend of subsidy policy, and new energy vehicles with long cruising range will also be in the next few years.

At the same time, the new policy puts forward a series of technical indicators for the endurance of new energy vehicles, and vehicles with higher battery energy density and lower energy consumption will receive more subsidies. This is good news for consumers. The cruising range and energy consumption of new energy vehicles will be improved, and the practicality will be greatly enhanced.

Generally speaking, the technology of new energy vehicles has been gradually improved, which makes them more competitive in the automobile market regardless of price or performance. In recent years, new energy vehicles have gradually entered people’s lives and become an indispensable part of the urban transportation system. With the popularization of new energy vehicles, the relevant policies are becoming stricter and more standardized, and the stereotype that new energy vehicles are "difficult to charge" is gradually disappearing because of the maturity of supporting facilities system.

In terms of energy saving and emission reduction, new energy vehicles have played a prominent role, or will become the main tool for future travel. For consumers, whether it is to seize the policy opportunity now or wait for the technology update with a wait-and-see attitude, you may wish to list new energy vehicles as the best candidate on your wish list!

Undergraduate students from School of Journalism, Fudan University:

Wu Haoru Li Yiyang Li Shengjun Zeng Shichen

Course columns of Data Analysis and Information Visualization (undergraduate) and Data News and Visualization (master) in School of Journalism, Fudan University

Instructors: Zhou Baohua, Xu Di and Cui Di.

Ministry of Ecology and Environment： The prevention and control of urban and rural non-point source pollution in some areas needs to be strengthened urgently.

　　CCTV News:According to the "Ministry of Ecology and Environment" WeChat WeChat official account news, 1-mdash in 2022; In September, among the assessment sections of surface water in 3641 countries, I & mdash; The proportion of Class III section was 86.3%, an increase of 4.5 percentage points year-on-year; The proportion of water bodies inferior to Class V was 0.9%, down by 0.3 percentage points year-on-year (after deducting the influence of natural factors, the proportion of water bodies inferior to Class V was 0.5%), and the overall water environment quality in China continued to improve. At the same time, however, the problem of unbalanced and uncoordinated water ecological environment in China is still outstanding. There are obvious shortcomings in urban and rural environmental infrastructure in some areas, and the black and odorous water bodies that have been treated in some cities have rebounded. The problem of total nitrogen increase in a few key lakes and reservoirs cannot be ignored, and the pollution problem in some areas on the eastern route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is outstanding in flood season.

　　17 sections (excluding the influence of natural factors) inferior to Class V are distributed in 8 provinces. Among them, Yunnan Province has the largest number of four.

　　7 sections with obvious deterioration of water quality (excluding the influence of natural factors), distributed in 7 provinces.

　　In the third quarter, the top 50 sections with high pollution intensity in flood season were distributed in 18 provinces, with a large number of provinces being Yunnan (9), Shanxi (7) and Henan (6). Among them, the pollution intensity of Zaohuo ‘an section in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, Longtou section in Changzhi City, Shanxi Province, and Nanyao section in Lvliang City, Shanxi Province in flood season are among the top three in China, which are 17.7 times, 16.7 times and 13.8 times of the water quality target limit respectively.

　　The black and odorous water bodies in 16 prefecture-level cities and above that have been treated have obviously turned black and odorous, which are distributed in 9 prefecture-level cities in 7 provinces. As of July, 2022, the list of black and odorous water bodies in county-level cities reported by local investigation has been published simultaneously in official website of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and the public is welcome to supervise it.

　　In response to the above-mentioned outstanding problems, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will issue an early warning letter to the relevant provincial ecological and environmental departments, compact the responsibilities of relevant local entities, urge relevant places to verify the situation, and formulate and implement rectification measures. In view of the outstanding problems that have been delayed for a long time, organize relevant river basin bureaus to carry out independent investigations, supervise and help the administrative regions where the problems are located to study countermeasures and promote the solution of the problems.

How is food polluted step by step？ Please pay attention to these four important links.

　　During the epidemic, in addition to external protection, food safety is also the top priority of protection. Before food enters people’s mouths, it takes several steps to get it from farms or fishing grounds to the table. We call it the food production chain. In the process of production, processing, distribution or cooking, pollution may occur.

　　Food production

　　Production refers to the process of planting crops or raising animals for food. It is usually carried out on farms or pastures, and some foods are captured or harvested from the wild, such as some fish, mushrooms and game.

　　Examples of pollution in production:

　　1. If the hen’s feed is infected or infected by some zoonotic diseases, the eggs and chicken produced in this way may be contaminated, resulting in food safety problems.

　　2. If the farmland is irrigated with polluted water, the fruits and vegetables will be polluted before harvesting.

　　3. Some fish growing in water may get toxins or accumulate some harmful substances from the small marine organisms they eat. For example, some fish living in water polluted by mercury will be rich in methylmercury, which will cause food safety problems.

　　Food processing

　　Processing refers to the process of turning crops or animals into food forms that we know and buy through machinery or labor according to the technological process. The processing technology of different kinds of food will be different. For some agricultural products, the processing process includes cleaning, cutting, crushing, baking and other steps, such as fresh vegetables, flour, steamed bread, bread and so on. Some agricultural products and milk are usually pasteurized and processed into fruit juice, vegetable juice and canned or bagged milk. Nuts can be roasted, chopped, or ground (for example, with peanut butter). For animals, the first step in processing is slaughter. Then, it can be cut into pieces or broken, smoked, cooked or frozen, or mixed with other ingredients to make sausages or main dishes, such as meat pies.

　　Examples of pollution in processing:

　　1. If the food is washed with contaminated water or packaged with contaminated packaging materials during processing, the pollution will spread to these foods, resulting in food safety problems.

　　2. In the slaughter process, if there are a large number of harmful microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in the environment and slaughter tools, it will cause microbial pollution of meat products and food safety problems.

　　3. If bacteria contaminate the surfaces used for food processing, such as processing lines or storage boxes, the bacteria will spread to the foods that come into contact with these surfaces.

　　Food distribution

　　Distribution refers to the process of sending food from farms or processing plants to consumers, or to restaurants, cafeterias or hospital kitchens and other catering institutions. For example, pork, beef and chicken are transported from meat processing plants to supermarkets, food stores and so on.

　　Examples of pollution in distribution:

　　1. If the food that should be refrigerated is stored in a high temperature environment for a long time, it may produce bacteria and cause corruption.

　　2. If fresh agricultural products are loaded on unwashed trucks, these products will be polluted.

　　cook

　　Cooking refers to a way to finish the final processing of food, and it is the process of turning it into food that can be eaten directly. This step may occur in a restaurant, a family or a company canteen.

　　Examples of pollution in cooking:

　　1. If an employee involved in cooking is still working during his illness, or fails to wash his hands carefully after going to the toilet, he may spread bacteria through contact with food.

　　2. If a chef cuts raw chicken with a chopping board or a knife, and then cuts raw tomatoes and other vegetables or sauced beef with the same knife or chopping board without cleaning, it may pollute the bacteria in chicken, such as pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli or Salmonella.

　　3. The food eaten raw in the refrigerator may be contaminated with bacteria due to improper storage.

　　Food safety problems can occur in all aspects of food production, processing, storage, transportation and sales. To ensure food safety, we must manage it in the whole process of food production, which is what we often call "food safety management from field to table".

　　This article is scientifically checked by Huang Kunlun, a professor from College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering of China Agricultural University.

Free synchronization of junior high school general courses! Focus on analysis+elaborate exercises, and release ＂su e Excellent Class＂ in the authority of the Provincial Department of Education!

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　　"Chinese" synchronous course in junior middle school

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China Wisdom and China Program

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward in his important speech on July 26th that "China’s development has reached a new historical starting point and Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new stage of development". We should strive to achieve socialist modernization, that is, the second century goal, after winning the decisive battle to build a well-off society in an all-round way. China has gone from poverty to poverty, from everything to prosperity, to entering and building a well-off society in an all-round way, and to modernization. The changes in China have attracted worldwide attention. Although we still have many problems to solve, every Chinese has a deep sense of gain.

Does China’s experience mean anything to the world? I think it is meaningful, especially for developing countries. As General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out in his important speech on "July 26th", "Socialism with Chinese characteristics has expanded the way for developing countries to modernize, contributed China wisdom and provided China’s plan for solving human problems". China is the largest developing country in the world, and the road of China is different from that of the west. In the past, the west always vilified and even slandered us, saying that we were autocratic and that we had no freedom, human rights and so on. Facts speak plainer than words. Isn’t the significance of China’s experience and China’s road obvious to developing countries?

I remember there was a sensational news on the Internet last year that a Shanghai girl responded to the color revolution. One of her teachers in the United States asked her, why don’t you have a color revolution with so many young people in China? She found two pictures of Pudong in Shanghai for her teacher, what Pudong was like in the past and what Pudong is like now. She said, why should we make any color revolution to change it when we are living so well? This China girl has Chinese’s self-confidence. What self-confidence is there? It is our road confidence, theoretical confidence, institutional confidence and cultural confidence. Others have to consider: in such a poor country, great changes have taken place in such a short time, and the people are so confident. Is this road useful to us? Therefore, the concept of China Road is a great inspiration to developing countries. Specifically, there are at least several aspects:

First, China has both long-term planning and concrete measures to implement the planning in its development. This is a great inspiration to some developing countries, because many developing countries and even western developed countries lack long-term planning. A politician in a western country said that we are all politicians, but politicians in China can make long-term plans, but we can’t. It’s useless for us to make them. Politicians in China can do things for the people, and we consider running for office every day, so we can’t do practical things. Planning and doing things are our advantages, doesn’t this inspire developing countries? Therefore, one of the most important connotations of China Road is that there are both long-term plans and concrete measures to implement these plans.

Second, develop the socialist market economy. Other developing countries have also developed market economy, which is not as successful as ours, and some even developed into polarization in the end. Why? Because China combined the invisible hand with the visible hand. The invisible hand is the market, and the visible hand is the macro-control of the government. If we just engage in a laissez-faire market economy without considering the adjustment of supply and demand in the market, it is likely that resources will be wasted a lot, and in the end, all products will be surplus, which will not be enjoyed by ordinary people and the economy will still be in a state of collapse. What we have is a market economy system under the macro-control of the state, which is called socialist market economy. Many developing countries are considering this experience, that is to say, we can’t simply engage in a laissez-faire market economy, but we must also have macro-control by the government.

Third, not only enliven the rich, but also help the poor out of poverty. At the beginning, our poverty alleviation was to help the poor in rural areas and the low-income people in cities. Later, we engaged in development-oriented poverty alleviation so that the poor could master skills and really get rid of poverty. Since the 18th National Congress, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has put forward a big project: precision poverty alleviation. Millions of team members went to villages and households to register their cards, find out the base number and solve the poverty problem. Recently, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader proposed to help the poor in depth and use some new measures to solve the problem of poverty alleviation for the deeply poor. We have announced that by 2020, when a well-off society is built in an all-round way, the rural poor will be lifted out of poverty according to the current standards, all poverty-stricken counties in the country will be stripped of their hats, and the problem of regional poverty will be solved well. Invigorating and getting rich and helping the poor out of poverty are the fundamental purposes of our party to serve the people. Although there is still a gap between ordinary people, it will not lead to polarization and confrontation. The United Nations has also affirmed China’s great contribution to achieving its Millennium poverty reduction goal, which is also very enlightening to developed countries.

Fourth, reform, development and stability are organically unified. Reform is the driving force and development is the goal. Develop in reform and be stable at the same time. We are soberly aware that there are many contradictions in a developing country. If the society is unstable or even the political situation is unstable, all reform measures will not be implemented and all development goals will be ruined. Many countries develop Western-style democracy and freedom, with unstable society and political situation. All development is empty talk, and all reforms cannot be promoted. The Communist Party of China (CPC) combines reform, development and stability, and organically unifies the strength of reform, the speed of development and the affordability of the people. This experience is unparalleled in the world. Some people make irresponsible remarks about our stability, and have no idea why we can succeed or the characteristics of China society. The organic unity of reform, development, stability is a great highlight of China road.

Fifth, combine electoral democracy with deliberative democracy. Our choice of democratic system is not to engage in the western election system, but to combine the two forms of electoral democracy and deliberative democracy. By exercising the right to vote, ordinary people can choose their favorite leading cadres who can lead the rich, have the spirit of reform and innovation, and are law-abiding, honest and clean. More importantly, we also have a consultation system. No matter who is a cadre, we must go through consultation before making major decisions. Our consultations include political parties, big consultations, government consultations, CPPCC consultations, people’s organizations consultations, grassroots social consultations, and social organizations consultations. The whole democratic system is different from the West. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said that the democracy that people were awakened when they voted was formalism. Our democracy is that you vote when you vote and continue to participate in democracy after you vote. Our major decisions seek the opinions of the people, which is not available in western developed and developing countries.

Therefore, China Road, China Wisdom and China Plan are of great significance to developing countries. What Chinese did was written in two histories, the first was written in the history of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and the second was written in the history of the progress of the people of the world. We must have this spirit, and we can also have this spirit; We have this pursuit, and we can achieve it.

(The author is the former vice president of the Central Party School)

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