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　　[car home Electric Vehicle Technology] won an order of 500,000 yuan before it went on the market, which is enough to show that Tesla MODEL 3 is hot, and even quite a few people are purely "blind" and have no idea what kind of car it is before booking. Recently, a blogger in a foreign forum leaked the maintenance manual of MODEL 3, so the body structure and materials of MODEL 3 were exposed, and what does this mean?

● MODEL 3 is not a simple miniature version of MODEL S?

　　Tesla showed a subversive change with traditional car companies. MODEL S and MODEL X designed by former Mazda designer Franz von Holzhausen have also been recognized by most people in design, but the taste of "traditional cars" on MODEL S and MODEL X seems to be slightly strong. In contrast, MODEL 3 is a product that is more in line with future trends.

　　MODEL 3′ s 100-kilometer acceleration is less than 6 seconds, and the 21700 lithium battery with higher energy density is used. The cruising range of the two versions is 354km and 499km respectively, and it can be seen from the 8 cameras and 12 radars arranged on the body that it has the basic hardware of Tesla Autopilot 2.0. It is only a set of software programs to realize the high-level autopilot function. Therefore, it is still very powerful from the configuration point of view.

● Why didn’t MODEL 3 adopt an all-aluminum body?

　　Body material seems to be a means for emerging car companies to distinguish themselves from traditional car companies in the concept of building cars. All-aluminum body is considered by many people as the lightweight trend of future cars. However, why did the latecomer MODEL 3 change the material use scheme of MODEL S and MODEL X and adopt the steel-aluminum mixed body structure?

　　Aluminum alloy is light. Compared with the traditional steel body, MODEL S and MODEL X have greatly reduced the weight, so the power and economy will be improved accordingly. Of course, you don’t have to worry that the all-aluminum body is not strong. The technology of high-strength aluminum alloy has long been very mature. Through structural design, its strength can fully meet the requirements of automobiles. However, high-strength aluminum alloy is expensive, which is more expensive in manufacturing and maintenance than traditional steel. Therefore, at present, the all-aluminum body appears more on the relatively high-priced vehicles such as Land Rover Range Rover, jaguar XF and F-PACE.

　　Aluminum alloy is not only expensive in material procurement, but also more complicated in automobile manufacturing. Due to the material characteristics of aluminum alloy itself, in order to ensure sufficient strength, it needs a variety of riveting and welding processes in body-in-white assembly, and the natural processing cost will also increase.

　　Manufacturing cost is the main reason why Tesla decided to switch to steel-aluminum hybrid body, so it can further explore the price of products to attract more consumers.. Of course, this can also eliminate some consumers’ small concerns-the late maintenance cost of all-aluminum body is relatively high. When the car body is damaged by collision, it is difficult to reshape the aluminum alloy material. If the operation is improper, the parts are likely to crack or even break. After the damaged aluminum alloy parts, if the sheet metal process cannot be adjusted well, they can only be replaced as a whole. In addition, aluminum alloy materials need special technology to weld. Therefore, the all-aluminum body means that the later maintenance cost may be higher.

● What kind of body does MODEL 3 use?

　　Lightweight and low cost, so how does Tesla do it? Yes, steel and aluminum alloy are mixed and used. The following is the latest exposed Tesla body structure.

　　MODEL 3 uses ultra-high strength steel in the body side rail, A-pillar, B-pillar, roof side rail and floor beam, obviously to ensure the strength of the body main frame and improve the passive safety of the vehicle. For example, when dealing with frontal and side collisions, MODEL 3 can resist the impact energy and ensure the living space of the passenger compartment.

　　It is precisely because of the 25% small-angle collision test that the big brother Tesla MODEL S has not been able to get the "excellent+"evaluation on IIHS. Can MODEL 3 achieve better results through such strengthening measures? We can look forward to it.

　　The aluminum alloy material is concentrated in the tail, which may be related to the weight distribution before and after MODEL 3. We know that MODEL 3 adopts the form of pure motor rear wheel drive, and the rear bearing is subjected to more weight load of the whole vehicle, so in order to balance the weight distribution before and after, it is more appropriate to use lighter aluminum alloy at the tail.

　　Although MODEL 3 uses a large area of steel, due to the size, the vehicle weight is much lighter than MODEL S, and the vehicle weight is controlled at about 1.6-1.7 tons. The combination of aluminum alloy and steel combines various factors such as cost, power, economy and safety.

-Tesla’s internal side pillar impact test video is as follows:

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

　　Perhaps the steel-aluminum hybrid body is also a trend in the future. Judging from the latest Mercedes-Benz S-Class and Audi A8, their bodies are made up of a variety of materials, the most representative of which is Audi A8, whose steel content has changed from 8% of the previous generation to 40%. Due to the progress of steel materials, the yield strength of ultra-high strength steel can reach more than 1500MPa, which is more conducive to improving the passive safety of vehicles. In addition, if the vehicle main frame wants to achieve a certain structural strength, the weight of this ultra-high strength steel may not be heavier than that of aluminum alloy.

● What does Tesla rely on to build MODEL 3?

　　At present, the main factory producing Tesla MODEL 3 white body is Fremont factory in the United States, which was once a factory jointly built by GM and Toyota. In 2010, Tesla CEO Musk bought the base for only half the estimated price at that time (about $42 million). Therefore, it can be said that Fremont factory still has some production experience in building steel body in white.

　　After MODEL S and MODEL X established brand image and recognition for Tesla, Musk began to take the more civilian product MODEL 3. In the face of greater shipments in the future, Tesla’s new Gigafactory factory will also play a role in providing lithium-ion batteries.

Summary:

　　Perhaps for consumers, how much aluminum alloy and steel are used is not so important. We only care about whether it is safe enough, whether the acceleration is not strong enough, whether the later maintenance is cheap, and so on. Judging from the price and positioning of MODEL 3, it is believed that the use of steel-aluminum hybrid body can also be accepted by consumers, because the later maintenance cost will be more affordable. What’s more, with the progress of ultra-high strength steel materials, perhaps the steel-aluminum hybrid body is also a development trend in the future. (Text car home Xia Zhimeng Image from the Internet)

July 1, 2022 is the 25th anniversary of Hong Kong’s return to the motherland. Today, 25 years ago, Hong Kong returned to the embrace of the motherland, washed away the century-old humiliation of the nation and completed an important step towards the complete reunification of the motherland. Since then, Hong Kong has been reintegrated into the national governance system and embarked on a broad road of complementary advantages and common development with the mainland of the motherland, opening a new historical era of "one country, two systems", "Hong Kong people ruling Hong Kong" and a high degree of autonomy.

Over the past 25 years, relying on the motherland, facing the world and benefiting from innovation, Hong Kong has been constantly shaping its own modern features. The practice of "one country, two systems" in Hong Kong, like a seedling, has thrived in the storm and produced fruitful results. Especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader and the CPC Central Committee have made a series of important expositions and major decision-making arrangements on "one country, two systems" and Hong Kong’s work from a strategic and overall perspective, so as to promote the cause of "one country, two systems" to gain new experience and achieve new development. With the strong support of the central government and the mainland of China, and with the joint efforts of the government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and people from all walks of life in Hong Kong, Hong Kong’s economy has continued to flourish, its position as an international financial, shipping and trade center has been continuously consolidated, the democratic rights and freedoms enjoyed by Hong Kong residents in accordance with the law have been more fully guaranteed, and various undertakings have made great progress, writing a new legend under the Lion Mountain.

When the situation in Hong Kong was once grim, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core assessed the situation, made a major decision to improve the central government’s exercise of comprehensive governance over the Special Administrative Region in accordance with the Constitution and the Basic Law, improve the relevant institutional mechanisms for the implementation of the Constitution and the Basic Law, promote the establishment and improvement of the legal system and implementation mechanism for safeguarding national security in the Special Administrative Region, formulate the Law of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Special Administrative Region on Safeguarding National Security, improve the electoral system of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, implement the principle of "patriots ruling Hong Kong", and support the Special Administrative Region to improve the oath system for public officials. A series of measures to treat both the symptoms and the root causes have promoted a major turning point in the situation in Hong Kong from chaos to governance. Practice has fully proved that in order to ensure the steady and far-reaching practice of "one country, two systems", we must always adhere to the principle of "patriots ruling Hong Kong". This is related to national sovereignty, security, development interests and the fundamental principle of Hong Kong’s long-term prosperity and stability. Only by "ruling Hong Kong by patriots" can the central government’s overall governance power over the Special Administrative Region be effectively implemented, the constitutional order established by the Constitution and the Basic Law be effectively maintained, various deep-seated problems can be effectively solved, and Hong Kong can achieve long-term stability and make due contributions to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Walking through the mud, you know that the avenue is precious; After experiencing wind and rain, I feel the sunshine is more beautiful. The extraordinary course of Hong Kong’s return to the motherland for 25 years fully proves that the implementation of "one country, two systems" is conducive to safeguarding the fundamental interests of the country, Hong Kong and the vast number of Hong Kong compatriots. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out: "In the past 25 years, despite many storms and challenges, the practice of’ one country, two systems’ in Hong Kong has achieved universally recognized success." Facing the future, the Central Committee will continue to unswervingly implement the principle of "one country, two systems". With the deepening of practice and the continuous improvement of the institutional system, the superiority of "one country, two systems" will be further demonstrated, and the practice of "one country, two systems" will surely be more stable and go further.

Qian Shan is in the same vein, and all waters are of the same origin. The fate of Hong Kong has always been closely linked with the motherland, and national development has always been the greatest support for Hong Kong’s development. Today’s motherland is highly open and changing with each passing day, which is enough to provide strong impetus for Hong Kong to increase its advantages, expand its space and solve difficult problems with its size and vitality. In particular, the country’s construction of a new development pattern, the promotion of the "Belt and Road", the deepening of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s construction, the implementation of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" and the outline of long-term goals for 2035 have created new major opportunities for Hong Kong’s development. On the new journey, the central government will further improve the policy system to support the complementary and coordinated development of Hong Kong and the Mainland, promote the innovation of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s institutional mechanisms, pay attention to the unique role of Hong Kong in building the Belt and Road Initiative, improve policies and measures to facilitate Hong Kong residents’ study, employment, entrepreneurship and life in the Mainland, and improve various mechanisms for in-depth exchanges and cooperation between Hong Kong and the Mainland in various fields. Facts will continue to prove that as long as we adhere to the principle of "one country", make good use of the benefits of "two systems" and find a correct position in the overall situation of national development, Hong Kong will certainly be able to cultivate new advantages, play a new role and achieve new development, so that the development results will truly benefit the vast number of Hong Kong residents.

When the wind is good, it is when you sail, and you are rushing to the future. For Hong Kong, "one country, two systems" is the biggest advantage, and national reform and opening up is the biggest stage. In the process of national reform and opening up in the new era, Hong Kong has a special position and unique advantages and can play an irreplaceable role. This position and role will only be strengthened, not weakened. Nowadays, Hong Kong’s development is back on the right track, with people’s minds stable, determined and secure. "Seeking stability and development" is the mainstream public opinion, and "opening a new chapter for Hong Kong together" has become a strong consensus. At the critical period of governance and prosperity, Hong Kong’s unique advantages such as marketization, internationalization, rule of law, numerous talents, diverse cultures, advanced infrastructure and excellent business environment will be fully brought into play. Hong Kong compatriots are not only fully capable and wise to manage, build and develop Hong Kong well, but also able to continue to show their talents in national development and even on the world stage. On the new journey, the vast number of Hong Kong compatriots will continue to devote themselves to the cause of national reform and opening up with sincere patriotism and the spirit of being the first. Taking advantage of the situation and taking advantage of the situation will certainly promote Hong Kong’s better development in the overall situation of national development.

After 25 years of hurricane and rain, and 25 years of spring and autumn, Hong Kong has once again stood at a new starting point. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "The central government’s determination to comprehensively and accurately implement the principle of’ one country, two systems’ has never wavered and will never change." Today’s Hong Kong has a more solid foundation than at any time in the past, which can better safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests and maintain Hong Kong’s long-term prosperity and stability. At present, our country has entered a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and marching towards the goal of the second century. In the grand journey of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, Hong Kong has much to offer and will certainly do. We firmly believe that the vast number of Hong Kong compatriots will carry forward the glorious tradition of patriotism and love for Hong Kong, work hand in hand with the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, go forward in rain or shine, and constantly create a new situation in the cause of "one country, two systems". Hong Kong will certainly be able to create new glories at a new starting point and add luster to the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation!