标签归档 西安桑拿会所

Review on the Management of Nanxin Technology’s 2023 Annual Board of Directors

The operating comments of the Board of Directors of Nanxin Technology in 2023 are as follows:

  I. Discussion and analysis of business conditions

  In 2023, influenced by macro factors such as weak terminal market and slow economic development, the global and even domestic semiconductor market is under great pressure. According to the data of the World Semiconductor Trade Statistics Organization (WSTS), the global semiconductor market scale is expected to decrease by 9.4% to 520.1 billion US dollars compared with the same period of last year. With the advantages of technological innovation, product research and development and customer barriers, the company enriched product categories and improved product layout, and achieved steady growth in performance during the reporting period.

  During the reporting period, the company achieved an operating income of 1,780,402,300 yuan, an increase of 36.87% compared with last year; The net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies was 261,357,500 yuan, an increase of 6.15% over the same period of last year; The gross profit margin of the main business was 42.30%, a decrease of 0.74 percentage points compared with the same period of last year.

  At the end of the reporting period, the company’s total assets were 4,461,859,900 yuan, an increase of 93.63% over the end of the previous year; The net assets attributable to shareholders of listed companies were 3,699,036,800 yuan, an increase of 244.34% over the end of last year. In line with the profit distribution conditions, the company actively promotes the profit distribution to shareholders. In 2023, based on the total share capital of 423,530,000 shares, the company plans to distribute a cash dividend of 118,588 2.8 yuan (including tax) for every 10 shares, accounting for 45.37% of the net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies in 2023.

  (a) the overall operating condition is stable, and the performance in a single quarter continues to improve.

  In the case of the overall market downturn, the company has continuously broadened its product layout around application scenarios and continuously introduced products with market competitiveness, and its performance has continued to improve. The company’s operating income in each quarter in 2023 was 285,668,200 yuan, 374,791,500 yuan, 545,396,400 yuan and 574,546,200 yuan respectively, and the annual performance maintained an overall upward trend. In 2023, the gross profit margin of the company’s main business was 42.30%, a decrease of 0.74 percentage points compared with 2022, and its profitability remained stable.

  (B) Insist on increasing R&D investment and increasing the achievements of R&D teams.

  During the reporting period, the company invested 292,517,100 yuan in R&D, an increase of 57.02% over the same period of last year; By the end of the reporting period, the number of R&D personnel in the company had increased to 378, an increase of 32.17% over the same period of last year, and the number of R&D personnel accounted for 65.40% of the company.

  In 2023, the company obtained 29 new authorized invention patents, and accumulated 89 patents, all of which were invention patents. The company has added seven core technologies, all of which are independently developed, namely, lithium battery monitoring technology, zero-voltage switching charge pump control technology, low-voltage self-starting technology, secondary control fully integrated soft-switching Fyback technology, SmartHighSideDriver technology, automotive smart fuse technology and automotive antenna LDO technology, and all of the above technologies have been applied to the company’s products.

  (3) Enrich product models and actively expand emerging application fields.

  As one of the leading analog and embedded chip design companies in China, the company continuously improves product layout around application scenarios to provide customers with better end-to-end complete solutions. While deeply cultivating the original advantageous fields such as smart phones, the company is also actively expanding into the fields of automotive electronics and industrial applications.

  1. Key investment in automotive electronics business, and significant progress has been made.

  According to the data of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, in 2023, China’s automobile production and sales reached 30.161 million and 30.094 million respectively, up by 11.6% and 12% respectively, and the annual production and sales both reached record highs. Benefiting from the growth of the automotive electronics market and several new automotive products, during the reporting period, the company achieved an operating income of 30,641,000 yuan in the field of automotive electronics applications, an increase of 89.02% over the same period of last year, and the products were introduced to many well-known head customers in the industry.

  The company attaches great importance to the automotive electronics business, invests a lot of resources, and develops several projects at the same time. The company cut into the automobile head manufacturer from the vehicle-mounted wireless wired charging, and with the ability of rapid iteration and continuous innovation, it constantly expanded the layout of new categories, and carried out product layout planning in the fields of automobile instruments, intelligent cockpit, ADAS and BMS. During the reporting period, the company’s USB and wireless charging solutions were mass-produced at the client; High-performance DC-DC power chips, HSD chips, E-fuse chips and other new products have achieved scale sample delivery at the client, and some customers have entered the fixed-point design stage of the project.

  2, the smart phone power management chip covers the whole link, so as to improve the single-machine value.

  During the reporting period, the company’s mobile phone wired charging chip continued to introduce products with higher integration and higher performance, which can achieve a maximum fast charging power of 300W, further maintaining its leading position in the industry and helping customers further improve the charging power and experience of products.

  Through the application scenario traction, the company improved the product layout of the overall charging link of smart phones during the reporting period, and achieved full coverage of wired charging, wireless charging, screen driver chips and lithium battery protection chips. With the help of wired charging chips, the company has reached a deep cooperative relationship with domestic mainstream mobile phone manufacturers, and actively promoted the introduction of other product lines in the field of mobile phones, improving the stand-alone value of the company’s products in mobile phones.

  3. Enrich the product matrix and actively expand the industrial application market.

  The company continues to enrich product categories and plans to achieve end-to-end product layout in the industrial field; Actively expand the market of products in industrial and other fields, and achieve certain results in the fields of energy storage, drones, power tools, communications, etc., and it is expected to be further introduced into industrial power supply, AIPower and other fields in the future.

  (D) the construction of reliability laboratories, improve quality management.

  The company attaches great importance to quality management and establishes a quality management system according to the requirements of TS16949. The product quality has been recognized and trusted by many well-known domestic terminal manufacturers. During the reporting period, the company successfully completed the highest level certification of ISO26262 functional safety management system -ASILD level certification, and the overall product quality system moved to a new level.

  The company actively builds its own test center, and obtains instant, accurate and complete feedback data by customizing specialized test procedures for key nodes in the process of new product research and development, thus giving positive effects to product research and development to the maximum extent. In 2023, the company has completed the construction of the second phase of the reliability laboratory. With the second phase of the laboratory put into use, the company’s quality management ability will continue to gain.

  (E) Perfect supply chain management to improve product competitiveness.

  The company attaches great importance to the construction of supply chain capacity, seeks cooperation with leading manufacturers in the industrial chain in supplier selection, and has established efficient linkage mechanism and long-term stable cooperative relationship with suppliers such as upstream wafer manufacturers and packaging and testing manufacturers.

  The company’s main wafer suppliers and main packaging and testing suppliers are mainly well-known enterprises in the industry. They not only have advanced production technology to ensure the yield and consistency of products, but also are local partners, which is conducive to the independent control of the company’s supply chain, which can effectively guarantee the company’s capacity supply and reduce the impact of capacity fluctuation on the timeliness of product delivery. At the same time, because the company tilts its production capacity to the head supplier and increases the demand for orders, it can gain a better price advantage. In addition, through strategic cooperation with upstream suppliers and the development of their own processes, the company can maintain the leading position of products in wafer manufacturing process and packaging process, and further improve the competitiveness of products.

  (six) pay attention to personnel training and establish a long-term incentive system.

  In the process of development, the company always regards talents as the core resources of the company, and does a good job in talent construction for the large-scale growth and long-term development of the company. In 2023, the company actively broadened the channels for introducing talents, efficiently integrated R&D resources, and continuously optimized the talent team. By the end of the reporting period, the company had a total of 578 employees, including 378 R&D personnel, accounting for 65.40% of the total number of employees, of which 55.56% were R&D personnel with master’s degree or above.

  In order to promote the construction of talent echelon, the company pays attention to employee training, optimizes talent training scheme, improves the construction of talent training system, and standardizes internal training management and professional technology sharing and exchange system. During the reporting period, the company formulated the restricted stock incentive plan for 2023. Through the implementation of the restricted stock incentive plan, 8,701,394 restricted shares were granted for the first time, which fully mobilized the enthusiasm of the company’s employees and effectively combined the interests of shareholders, the company and employees, so that all parties concerned about the long-term development of the company.

  

  II. Description of the company’s main business, business model, industry and R&D during the reporting period.

  (a) the main business, main products or services.

  Nanxin Technology is one of the leading analog and embedded chip design enterprises in China. Its main business is the research, development, design and sales of analog and embedded chips, focusing on the field of power supply and battery management, and providing customers with end-to-end complete solutions. The company’s existing products have covered mobile device power management chips (including line charging management chips, wireless charging management chips, lithium battery management chips, and other mobile device power management chips), general power management chips, adapter power management chips, and automotive electronic chips. By building a complete product matrix, it meets the application needs of customers’ systems.

  With the business vision of "becoming the world’s leading analog and embedded chip enterprise", the company has launched high-performance power supply and battery management chips in the fields of consumer electronics, industry and automotive electronics with efficient research and development capabilities, excellent technological innovation capabilities and strict quality control capabilities, helping domestic chips to be self-controllable. The company has established an efficient linkage mechanism and long-term stable cooperative relationship with upstream wafer manufacturers, packaging and testing manufacturers and other suppliers, which has improved the company’s supply chain capability; The company has established an increasingly close partnership with terminal brand customers, kept abreast of the new direction and trends of demand-side technology in good cooperation, and conducted targeted R&D iterations on products, thus improving R&D efficiency. In the future, the company will continue to strengthen technology accumulation, increase R&D investment, continue to iteratively upgrade existing products, continuously enrich the product matrix, enhance its advantages in the field of consumer electronics, further expand its applications in industrial and automotive electronics, and strive to become the world’s leading analog and embedded chip enterprise.

  (II) Main business models

  During the reporting period, there was no significant change in the company’s business model. The business model adopted by the company is the Fabess model of peers in the industry, mainly focusing on the design and sales of chips, and outsourcing wafer manufacturing, packaging and testing to third-party wafer manufacturing and packaging testing enterprises.

  1. R&D mode

  The company adopts the business model of Fabess, and product design and research and development are the core of the company’s business. The company attaches great importance to the construction and management of R&D innovation system, and has long been committed to establishing a standardized product R&D process and quality control system to ensure that all product series can achieve high-quality product design, effective quality assurance and reliable risk management at all stages of R&D. The company’s specific R&D process includes business processes such as project establishment stage, project design stage, product verification and mass production stage to ensure that the R&D and verification processes of products can be effectively controlled and managed.

  2, procurement and production mode

  The company focuses on the research, development and sales of chips. By entrusting the wafer factory and the packaging and testing factory external processing to complete the wafer manufacturing and packaging testing, the company itself is only engaged in the testing of some chips. This model is technology-driven, flexible and efficient.

  In Fabess mode, the company mainly carries out research and development, sales and quality control of chip products, and the production of products is completed by outsourcing mode, that is, the company submits the integrated circuit data independently developed and designed to the wafer factory for wafer manufacturing, and then submits the manufactured wafers to the sealing and testing factory for packaging and testing. At present, the company mainly purchases wafers and their related packaging and testing services, and the company’s wafer foundry manufacturers and packaging and testing service providers are mainly well-known enterprises in the industry.

  3. Sales model

  At present, the company adopts the sales mode of "distribution is the main, supplemented by direct sales", that is, the company sells products through distributors and directly to terminal manufacturers. Direct selling mode means that the company sells its products directly to the end customers, and distribution mode means that the company sells its products to dealers outright.

  (3) the industry situation

  1. The development stage, basic characteristics and main technical threshold of the industry.

  1. Industry

  The company’s main business is the research and development, design and sales of analog and embedded chips, and its industry belongs to the integrated circuit design industry. According to the National Economic Industry Classification of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (GB/T4754-2017), the company belongs to "Computer, Communication and Other Electronic Equipment Manufacturing" in "Manufacturing", and the industry code is "C39". The integrated circuit design industry in which the company is located belongs to the encouraged industry stipulated in the Guidance Catalogue for Industrial Structure Adjustment (2019 edition) promulgated by the National Development and Reform Commission. The competent government department is the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the industry self-regulatory organization is the China Semiconductor Industry Association.

  2. Overview of industry development

  (1) integrated circuit industry

  Integrated circuit industry is the core of information technology industry, and it is a strategic, basic and leading industry that supports economic and social development and guarantees national security. Integrated circuit products can be mainly divided into digital chips and analog chips according to their functions, in which digital chips refer to integrated circuit chips designed and operated based on digital logic and used to process digital signals, including micro-components, memory and logic chip adapter power management chips; Analog chip refers to an integrated circuit chip that processes continuous analog signals.

  As the market performance in the second and third quarters of 2023 was slightly better than expected, at the end of November 2023, the World Semiconductor Trade Statistics Organization (WSTS) raised its forecast for the global semiconductor market in 2023, from the previous US$ 515 billion to US$ 520.1 billion, and the global semiconductor market in 2023 decreased by 9.4% compared with that in 2022.

  According to WSTS forecast, the semiconductor market in all regions of the world will pick up in 2024, especially in America and Asia-Pacific region, which will achieve double-digit growth. It is predicted that the global semiconductor market will recover strongly in 2024, with a forecast growth of 13.1% to US$ 588.4 billion.

  In the long run, the global and China IC industry will continue to grow. In recent years, emerging industries such as new energy vehicles, 5G, autonomous driving, data centers, industrial automation, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and wearable devices will form strong future demand. In the next few years, the growth rate of communication, consumer electronics, data center and other fields will slow down, while the fields of automobile and industrial use will grow rapidly.

  China is the world’s largest demand market for integrated circuits, especially for high-end chips with high value. The import amount of chips far exceeds the export amount, which shows that there is a lot of import substitution space in the chip field in China. It has become an urgent problem for China’s high-end integrated circuit industry to realize self-control and import substitution. In order to promote the process of chip localization, in May 2015, the State Council released "Made in China 2025", which proposed that the chip self-sufficiency rate should reach 70% in 2025.

  According to the statistical bulletin of national economic and social development in 2023 issued by the National Bureau of Statistics, China’s annual output of integrated circuits in 2023 was 351.44 billion, an increase of 6.9% over the previous year. In 2001, the number of integrated circuits exported was 267.8 billion, down by 1.8% over the previous year, amounting to 956.8 billion yuan, down by 5.0% over the previous year, ranking fourth among China’s major commodity exports. The number of integrated circuits imported was 479.6 billion, down by 10.8% over the previous year, and the amount was 2,459.1 billion yuan, down by 10.6% over the previous year, ranking first among China’s major commodity imports.

  (2) analog chip industry

  Analog integrated circuit products have a long life cycle, and their downstream applications are widespread and scattered, which is a barometer of the development of the whole market. Thanks to the technology accumulation of the industry itself and the development of downstream application fields such as consumer electronics, smart home, intelligent security, automotive electronics and industrial control, the analog integrated circuit industry has maintained steady development. According to WSTS forecast, the global analog chip market scale will reach 84.1 billion US dollars in 2024, an increase of 3.7% compared with 2023.

  In 2023, the growth rate of China’s analog chip market will slow down, but it is expected to exceed 300 billion yuan, accounting for more than 50% of the global analog chip market. In the short to medium term, China will remain the largest analog chip consumer market in the world.

  With the domestic demand for analog chips in automobile, industry, communication and other fields, and the domestic analog chips have great room for improvement in localization rate, the analog chip market in China will continue to grow in the future.

  3, the technical level and characteristics of the industry

  In terms of high-power charging, the charging power of consumer terminals represented by mobile phones has gradually increased. The conventional 18W charging power has been gradually replaced by 33W, and some high-end models and flagship models have introduced charging power of 200W and above, which has driven the penetration rate and charging power of high-power charging to continue to increase.

  In terms of miniaturization charging, the third generation semiconductor technology and high integration scheme make the power density of adapters increase and the number of peripheral devices decrease, and miniaturization charging scheme becomes the market trend.

  In the end-to-end complete solution, the complete solution can reduce the system cost of the terminal manufacturer and shorten the product development cycle of the terminal manufacturer. For chip manufacturers, providing an end-to-end complete solution requires chip manufacturers to fully understand the whole system, break through the limitations of single product research and development, and have higher requirements for chip manufacturers.

  4, the main technical threshold

  The downstream applications of the company’s products include high-end consumer fields such as mobile phones and notebook computers, and automotive and industrial fields. Among them, the internal power management chip of mobile phone requires high volume, stability and consistency, and the company’s products are mainly used for charging management and battery management, which requires high safety and performance; Automotive and industrial application scenarios require high chips. Therefore, there are high technical barriers in the industry where the company is located.

  2. Analysis of the industry position of the company and its changes.

  (1) The company is one of the few companies in China that can directly compete with international manufacturers in the same industry and realize domestic substitution of high-end products.

  Analog and embedded chip companies with outstanding R&D strength and large-scale operation capability are mainly concentrated overseas. Nanxin Technology is one of the few companies in China that can directly compete with international manufacturers in the field of power supply and battery management and realize domestic substitution of high-end products. In the field of consumer electronics applications such as mobile phones, the company directly competes with international manufacturers in the same industry, and replaces the market share of some international manufacturers, helping domestic substitution of chips. Among the products represented by charging management chips, the key technical indicators of some models of the company have already possessed the performance of competing with international manufacturers or surpassing foreign competitors.

  (2) The company is the backbone in the field of domestic analog chips.

  After years of development, the company has been among the forefront of domestic analog chip design companies and has grown into the backbone of the domestic analog chip field. As a design company focusing on power management chips, the company’s products cover the whole charging link, and it is one of the few local enterprises with complete solutions from power supply end to equipment end. In the fields of smart phones, automotive electronics, industry and pan-consumption, the company has opened up the whole product application field, with rich product matrix, completed the end-to-end product layout of each application scenario, and strengthened the overall product innovation competitiveness of the company. With forward-looking product definition ability and strong research and development ability, the company has the advantages of leading performance and high reliability, and has been widely recognized by customers in the fields of smart phones, automotive electronics, industry and pan-consumption. In the field of smart phones, the company’s products have entered well-known mobile phone brands such as Glory, OPPO, Xiaomi, vivo and Voice. In the automotive field, the company’s products have entered Volvo, Hyundai and other brands; In the industrial field, the company’s products have entered brands such as TTI; In the field of pan-consumption, the company’s products have entered Anker, Zimi, Belgin, Harman and other brands.

  3. The development of new technologies, (), new formats and new models during the reporting period and the future development trend.

  1. New technology

  (1) high efficiency and low consumption

  In the field of power supply, power conversion efficiency and standby power consumption are always one of the core indicators. All countries in the world have introduced various energy efficiency standards, such as American Energy Star, German "Der Blaue Engel Standard" and China Certification Center. The industry realizes the high efficiency and low power consumption requirements of power management chip and its power supply system by developing more advanced circuit topology and switch control technology, lower conductance power device technology and more sophisticated high voltage start technology.

  (2) integration

  The thinness and thinness of portable devices has always been the key demand to improve the user experience, and the technology of power supply and battery management chip has also shown an increasingly significant integration trend. On the one hand, in order to achieve the goal of thinness and thinness, the terminal product requires higher integration and fewer peripheral devices, so as to reduce the number of components in the whole scheme, save circuit board space and reduce the size of the whole scheme; On the other hand, the terminal equipment is becoming more and more complex, and its more functional features and more complex processors require more advanced power management solutions, and it is required to integrate more functions on a smaller silicon chip to achieve stronger system power performance. At the same time, the integrated power supply and battery management chip can effectively reduce the system cost and design complexity, shorten the research and development cycle of terminal manufacturers, and improve the long-term reliability of the system.

  (3) Simulation technology and embedded processing technology cooperate with each other.

  With the system functions becoming more and more complex, the requirements for energy consumption are getting higher and higher, and the requirements for monitoring and controlling the running state of power supply and battery are also getting higher and higher. The design of power supply and battery management chip is no longer satisfied with real-time monitoring of current, voltage and temperature, but also needs to realize the requirements of diagnosing power supply, battery working state and flexibly setting output voltage and current parameters. In addition, the power management chip needs real-time communication with the main system to meet the power supply requirements of each functional module of the system, so as to meet the requirements of intelligent power management and regulation. Simulation technology and embedded technology cooperate with each other, which promotes the development of power supply and battery management chip in the intelligent direction. Through the seamless combination of hardware and embedded software, the functions of monitoring, controlling and communicating the state of power supply and battery can be flexibly realized. In recent years, with the advantages of flexible debugging, fast response, high integration and high controllability, a new generation of power supply and battery management chips combining analog technology and embedded processing technology are gradually expanding to many application fields.

  2. New industries

  (1) The third generation compound semiconductor gallium nitride (GaN) has become a market trend.

  Transformer is the largest component in the charger, and the key to miniaturization of charger lies in the miniaturization of transformer. Generally, the higher the switching frequency, the smaller the required transformer volume. The switching frequency of traditional Si materials has reached the upper limit, and the third generation semiconductor materials can achieve faster switching speed, thus allowing higher switching frequency and further reducing the size of the charger. With the characteristics of fast switching speed, high power density, high voltage resistance and high frequency, the third-generation compound semiconductor small-volume charging adapter based on GaN is increasingly widely used in high-end models. According to Yoe data, the application scale of power GaN in the consumer market is expected to increase from 79.6 million US dollars in 2021 to 964.7 million US dollars in 2027, with a compound annual growth rate of 52%.

  In the process of expanding the market of GaN power supply, the requirements for the integration of chips are getting higher and higher. The original GaN power supply is generally designed by controller+driver+gallium nitride power device, which is not only complicated in circuit layout, relatively difficult in product development, but also expensive. In recent years, based on the technical advantages of power chips, outstanding chip manufacturers in the industry have introduced highly integrated power chips with built-in GaN power devices, that is, sealed GaN chips. By improving the chip integration, the peripheral components are further reduced, the size of the charger is reduced, the difficulty of system development and debugging is also reduced, and the product reliability is improved.

  (2) Intelligentization and electrification drive the rapid development of automotive electronics.

  The intelligent electrification reform is reshaping the traditional automobile industrial chain, and automobile electronics has become the core factor to promote the reform. Various analog and embedded chips, sensors and computing chips are widely used in various functional modules of electric smart cars, which drives the rapid development of automobile electronics and the rapid improvement of the value of automobile electronics supply chain. According to Roland Berger’s prediction, the value of BOM (bill of materials) related to automotive electronics will increase from $3,130/car to $7,030/car from 2019 to 2025, in which the value of intelligent BOM will increase by $1,665/car and the value of electric BOM will increase by $2,235/car.

  In the field of power supply and battery management chips, thanks to the wide application of intelligent functions such as automatic driving and intelligent cockpit in automobiles, the demand for chips related to digital display, human-vehicle interaction and ADAS, such as display screen power supply, backlight drive, USB car charging, system and camera power supply, has greatly increased. Under the electrification reform, the traditional fuel powertrain system has been eliminated, and the electric powertrain system has adopted new components such as BMS and DC-DC converter, and the demand for power supply and battery management chips has greatly increased. Automotive electronics has become another field that promotes the rapid growth of the power supply and battery management chip market after the consumer field.

  3. New format

  (1) governments of various countries or regions increase their support for industries.

  In recent years, due to the shortage of chips in many countries, integrated circuit manufacturing powers and regions, including the United States, Japan and Europe, have re-recognized the importance of advanced integrated circuit technology and supply security, and have introduced supportive policies to accelerate the layout of semiconductor industries including integrated circuits, and strengthen government support for industries to consolidate the competitiveness of enterprises. Take Europe as an example. On September 21, 2023, the European Chip Act came into effect. The EU will invest more than 43 billion euros to boost the European chip industry. The Act requires that the global share of EU chip production should be increased from 10% in 2023 to 20% in 2030 to meet its own and world market demand.

  (2) The demand for domestic substitution of integrated circuits in the whole industry is significant.

  Integrated circuits are very important to the development of China’s information industry. Although China is the largest chip market in the world, it has long been dependent on imports, and it is also in a weak position in the global chip industry. Especially since foreign countries cut off supply in recent years, the China market has been greatly affected. It is urgent to speed up the development of its own core technology and improve the self-sufficiency rate of chips. The State Council released "Made in China 2025", which proposed that the chip self-sufficiency rate in China should reach 70% in 2025. According to TechInsights, the chip self-sufficiency rate in China will be less than 30% in 2023. In order to realize the independent control of the industry, integrated circuits, as a national strategic industry, are expected to receive strong policy support, and the industry and capital environment will continue to improve.

  At the same time, as the focus of global terminal manufacturing and semiconductor manufacturing shifts to the Asia-Pacific region, the field of power management chip design also shows a trend of shifting from Europe, America and other regions to China. Under the interaction of multiple factors, more and more OEM/ODM manufacturers in China began to choose local suppliers as secondary suppliers when they were out of stock, and the demand for integrated circuit localization increased significantly.

  Specifically, in the field of power management chips, local power management chip design companies have accelerated their technological catch-up under the background of escalating trade friction between China and the United States, and the gap between the overall technical level and foreign design companies has been narrowing. The power management chips designed and developed by domestic enterprises have gradually replaced the share of foreign competitors in many application fields, especially in the consumer electronics market with medium and small power segments. The shipments have increased year by year, and the market share has also gradually increased.

  4. New mode

  (1) The industrial chain is more closely coordinated.

  Influenced by the uncertainty of macro-political and economic situation and the trade friction between China and the United States, the competition of global integrated circuit industry has intensified, and industrial synergy has become a trend. With the increasingly fierce "arms race" of international chip giants, the core competitiveness of integrated circuit industry enterprises is no longer just a single dominant technology or product, but also comes from the control and operation of highly concentrated and efficient resources in the industrial chain, and the industrial competition mode has officially changed to "whole industry chain competition".

  The coordinated development of industrial chain is conducive to the faster progress of the industry. Chip designers are more closely coordinated with upstream wafer manufacturers, packaging and testing manufacturers and downstream terminal manufacturers, and it is more important to build an all-round semiconductor ecosystem in the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain. Through cooperation with downstream terminal manufacturers, we can better understand the terminal requirements and guide the research and development direction; By cooperating with upstream wafer manufacturers and packaging and testing manufacturers, we can strengthen the supply chain capability and jointly promote the technological progress in wafer manufacturing and packaging and testing.

  In the process of coordinated development of industrial chain, industry competition will pay more attention to the competition of comprehensive strength of products, customers and talents, and the industrial competition mode will develop towards systematization and ecology.

  (IV) Core technologies and R&D progress

  1. Core technologies and their advanced features and changes during the reporting period.

  During the reporting period, the company added seven core technologies, namely, lithium battery monitoring technology, zero-voltage switching charge pump control technology, low-voltage self-starting technology, secondary control fully integrated soft-switching Fyback technology, SmartHighSideDriver technology, automotive smart fuse technology and automotive antenna LDO technology.

  2. R&D achievements obtained during the reporting period

  During the reporting period, the company applied for 62 new intellectual property projects, including 62 invention patents; By December 31st, 2023, the company had obtained 89 invention patents and 61 layout designs of integrated circuits.

  3. R&D investment table

  Reasons for significant changes in total R&D investment compared with the previous year

  Mainly due to the company’s increased investment in R&D, the investment in R&D personnel salary and R&D materials increased significantly during the reporting period compared with the same period of last year.

  4. Research projects

  25/223

  28/223

  5. R&D personnel

  6. Other explanations

  

  Iii. Analysis of core competitiveness during the reporting period

  (A) analysis of core competitiveness

  1. The leading domestic chip manufacturer with end-to-end complete solution capability.

  The company has a number of product lines, covering the entire charging link management link, and is a leading chip manufacturer with end-to-end complete solution capability in China. The company is deeply deployed in the fields of smart phones, automotive electronics, industry and pan-consumption. The company will continue to develop new products around customer applications, complete the product layout of the overall charging link of the scene, and continuously enhance the competitiveness of products.

  At the R&D level, providing a complete solution needs to form a set of proprietary technology system based on a full understanding of the whole system, which is not limited to single-point or local cognition, so it can strengthen cooperation with customers in a wider range and at a higher level. By providing customers with complete solutions, we can deeply understand the pain points of customers and solve practical problems for customers, thus promoting the company’s multi-dimensional and all-round innovation.

  On the quality control level, the compatibility, adaptability and reliability of products are the keys to the performance and quality of terminal equipment. A complete solution can reduce the compatibility and adaptability of products between different manufacturers, effectively improve the quality control and accountability efficiency of the whole procurement link, and thus ensure the stable operation of terminal equipment to the greatest extent.

  At the sales level, customers can effectively reduce their operating and purchasing costs and shorten their product development cycle by purchasing complete solutions. The company can also promote the sales of other related products through the early introduction of a single product, thus improving the sales efficiency of the company’s products. Through the sales and support of the whole package, we can further enhance customer stickiness and build a higher competitive threshold.

  2. Adhere to technological innovation, precipitate excellent product definition ability, and continuously create value for customers.

  The company has long adhered to technological independence and innovation. Through years of insight into the market and continuous definition of new products, the company has accumulated excellent product definition ability, which can actively and quickly match the development trend of the industry and the demands of customers. The planned product R&D roadmap has a high degree of fit with the future product needs of downstream customers, creating more valuable and competitive products for customers.

  Defining and launching products in time according to market demand is based on the company’s management’s rich industry experience and keen market insight, which requires the R&D team to have rich technical accumulation and the ability to solve new demands and problems in the R&D process, and the production, operation, marketing and other departments to respond quickly and implement them. All the above factors reflect the company’s comprehensive competitiveness such as R&D ability, customer accumulation and supply chain coordination.

  3. High-quality brand customer barriers+self-controllable supply chain

  With excellent technical innovation and product research and development capabilities, the company continues to provide customers with more valuable and competitive products, which has been widely recognized by the market. Brand customers are strict and cautious when choosing chip suppliers, and the entry threshold is high. They need to go through long-term product review and verification before they can enter their supply system. The company’s products have been widely recognized by end customers in performance, delivery, quality and other aspects. During the reporting period, they won several awards from customers such as OPPO, vivo, Glory and Lenovo, which were deeply affirmed and recognized by customers.

  The long-term cooperation between the company and the end customers of major brands has formed a strong stickiness, which is helpful for the company to achieve stable operation. At the same time, brand end customers have strong comprehensive strength and unremitting pursuit of technological innovation, which represents the development direction of the industry. With the development of brand end customers, the company can timely understand and meet the latest needs of customers in the process of serving customers, can continuously maintain the forward-looking research and development and the leading position of products, and promote the virtuous circle of company products from research and development to landing and continuous iteration.

  The company attaches great importance to the construction of independent and controllable supply chain system, and actively seeks in-depth cooperation with leading suppliers in the industry. At present, it has established long-term cooperative relations of mutual trust with many leading suppliers in the industry.

  The company’s main suppliers are local partners, ensuring the company’s supply chain to be autonomous and controllable. In addition, the company has established strategic cooperative relations with major suppliers, gained the advantage of purchasing cost by gathering order demand, and at the same time cooperated with suppliers in depth to build its own technology, so as to maintain the leading position of the company’s products in technology and packaging and enhance the competitiveness of products.

  4. Improve the product layout with multiple application scenarios, and the platform-based development has achieved initial results.

  During the reporting period, the company achieved rapid growth in the fields of smart phones, automotive electronics, adapters, industry and pan-consumption. In the future, the company will continue to improve the product layout of various application scenarios and enhance product competitiveness and profitability in various application fields.

  Through continuous optimization and improvement of product layout, the company will gradually develop into a more competitive platform company, with a more stable business structure and further increased risk resistance, laying a solid foundation for the company’s further development.

  (II) Events that have seriously affected the core competitiveness of the company during the reporting period, impact analysis and countermeasures.

  

  Fourth, risk factors

  (A) Not yet profitable risk

  (2) Risk of sharp decline in performance or loss

  (C) core competitiveness risks

  (1) Risk of product development and technological innovation

  The company’s products are mainly used in consumer electronics. The consumer electronics industry is changing rapidly and the market window is short, which requires the company to launch new products quickly and update and iterate continuously with the market changes. Therefore, the company needs to maintain a high sensitivity to market changes and the iterative trend of mainstream technologies, and formulate a dynamic technology development strategy. In the future, if the company’s technology R&D level lags behind the upgrading level of the industry, it will lead to the waste of the company’s R&D resources and miss the market development opportunities, which will have an adverse impact on the company.

  (2) Risk of R&D personnel loss or shortage

  Integrated circuit design enterprises usually need to train R&D designers for a long time, build experienced design teams, and constantly introduce excellent design talents. With the increasingly fierce market competition, the competition for R&D talents among companies in the industry is increasing. In the future, if the salary level of the company is not competitive, the human resource management and internal promotion system are not effectively implemented, and there is no effective equity incentive measures, it will be difficult to introduce more outstanding technical personnel, and even lead to the loss of existing backbone technical personnel, which will have an adverse impact on the company’s technology research and development.

  (3) Risk of core technology leakage

  The company’s core technology runs through the process of product development, design and production, which is very important for the company to control production costs and improve product performance and quality, and is the company’s core competitiveness. If the protection of core technologies is unfavorable or the outflow of core technicians leads to the leakage, theft or imitation of key technologies by competitors, it may have an adverse impact on the company’s technological innovation, business development and even operating performance.

  (4) Operational risks

  (1) The risk of high customer concentration under the distribution mode.

  During the reporting period, the total sales revenue of the company to the top five customers accounted for 74.35% of the current operating income, accounting for a relatively high proportion. The company’s customers are mainly well-known electronic component dealers in the industry.

  In the future, if the operation and credit status of the company’s major customers or terminal brand manufacturers are adversely changed, or the current operation and procurement strategies of major customers are greatly changed, the company will have certain uncertainty about the sales revenue of major customers, thus affecting the company’s stable profitability. In addition, if the demand of some major customers decreases, the company’s revenue growth rate may slow down or even decline.

  (2) The risk of high concentration of suppliers

  The company’s main wafer suppliers and sealing and testing suppliers belong to domestic industry leading enterprises, and the concentration of suppliers is relatively high.

  Wafer manufacturing and packaging testing are both capital and technology-intensive industries, and the number of suppliers who meet the company’s technical and production requirements is relatively small. In the future, if the company’s main suppliers have adverse changes in their operations, limited production capacity or tense cooperation relations, or because of adverse changes in the overall prosperity of the industrial chain, suppliers may not be able to deliver goods in full and on time, and may put forward more unfavorable commercial cooperation conditions such as supply price, payment requirements and delivery period, which will adversely affect the company’s production and operation.

  (3) Management risks caused by the expansion of the company’s scale

  During the reporting period, the company’s business continued to develop, and the company’s corresponding asset scale and personnel were also expanding. With the public offering of the company’s shares and the implementation of investment projects with raised funds, the company’s business scale and personnel team are expected to further expand, which will put forward higher requirements for the company’s management, resource integration, technology development, market development, quality control and other aspects. If the company’s internal management level can’t meet the requirements of the company’s rapid development, it will make the company likely to have management risks caused by scale expansion, which will adversely affect the company’s further development.

  (4) The risk that the company’s revenue will maintain steady growth.

  During the reporting period, the scale of the global semiconductor market declined due to local geopolitical wars, declining demand for terminal applications and other factors. In the short term, the global economic growth is expected to slow down, the demand in the terminal consumer market will be difficult to boost, the competition among companies in the same industry in the world will continue to intensify, or it will have an adverse impact on the company’s products, resulting in the company’s operating income can not continue to grow.

  (V) Financial risks

  1. Risk of fluctuation of gross profit margin of the company’s products

  In 2023, the gross profit margin of the company’s main business was 42.30%, a decrease of 0.74 percentage points compared with the same period of last year, and there were fluctuations in gross profit. The gross profit margin of the company’s main products is mainly affected by downstream demand, product price, product structure, materials and processing costs and the company’s technical level. If the recovery of the industry is less than expected, or geopolitical instability is unfavorable to the downstream consumer electronics market, the risk of further weakening of consumer market demand and further decline of the company’s gross profit margin will not be ruled out, which will adversely affect the company’s profitability. Therefore, if the company can’t optimize the gross profit margin level through continuous technical iteration, optimizing product structure and reducing product unit cost, it may lead to a decline in the company’s gross profit margin, thus affecting the company’s profitability and performance.

  2. Inventory depreciation risk

  At the end of 2023 and 2022, the book value of the company’s inventory was 525,382,600 yuan and 335,584,000 yuan respectively, and the inventory scale increased with the expansion of business scale. If the market demand environment changes, the market competition intensifies, or the company cannot effectively expand sales channels, optimize inventory management, and reasonably control inventory scale, it may lead to unsalable products and inventory backlog, thus increasing the risk of inventory depreciation and adversely affecting the company’s operating performance.

  3. Risk of exchange rate fluctuation

  In 2023 and 2022, the company sold and purchased overseas, quoted and settled in US dollars. With the expansion of the company’s business scale, the amount of overseas sales and purchases is expected to increase further. Although the company has considered the possible fluctuation of exchange rate between the conclusion of contracts or orders and the receipt and payment of funds, there is still great uncertainty about the exchange rate change with the changes of domestic and international political and economic environment. If the exchange rate between RMB and USD fluctuates greatly in the future, it will have a certain impact on the company’s performance.

  (VI) Industry risks

  China is the world’s largest consumer market for analog chips. With the two-wheel drive of new technologies and industrial policies, the demand for analog chips in China will become stronger in the future. At present, the global analog chip market is dominated by European and American manufacturers such as TI, which occupy the high-end product market of China analog chip industry, and by virtue of their advantages in capital, platform, research and development, they create greater competitive pressure on domestic enterprises trying to enter the middle and high-end product market. Faced with the competitive pressure of these head manufacturers, the company may adopt the strategy of providing customers with better cost performance to obtain orders for products with similar performance, which may lead to the risk of pressure on product profit level and cash flow. In addition, in recent years, the number of domestic analog chip manufacturers has increased, and the industry competition has intensified, and the company may face the risk of declining profitability.

  (VII) Macro-environmental risks

  In recent years, international trade frictions have been constant, and some countries have tried to restrict the development of related industries in China by means of trade protection. The company has always strictly abided by the laws of China and other countries, but the international situation is changing rapidly. Once the company’s business is limited, suppliers are unable to supply or customers’ purchases are constrained due to international trade frictions, the normal production and operation of the company will be greatly adversely affected.

  In recent years, the United States has successively listed some enterprises in the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain in the "entity list", or restricted the access of some China companies to semiconductor technology and services by other means. Some suppliers of the company inevitably use American equipment or technology, and if the trade friction continues to intensify, it may lead to restrictions on their supply or service to the company, thus adversely affecting their operations.

  (8) Risks related to depositary receipts

  (9) Other major risks.

  

  V. Main operations during the reporting period

  In 2023, the company realized an operating income of 1,780,402,300 yuan, an increase of 36.87% year-on-year; Operating profit was 262,693,700 yuan, up 10.21% year-on-year; The total profit was 266,277,800 yuan, up 10.34% year-on-year; The net profit attributable to owners of the parent company was 261,357,500 yuan, up 6.15% year-on-year.

  During the reporting period, the company’s total operating income increased by 479,621,500 yuan year-on-year, with an increase of 36.87%, mainly due to the expansion of business scale and sales growth.

  

  VI. The Company’s Discussion and Analysis on the Company’s Future Development

  (A) the industry pattern and trends

  (II) Company development strategy

  With the business vision of "becoming the world’s leading analog and embedded chip enterprise", the company has launched high-performance power supply and battery management chips in the fields of consumer electronics, industry and automotive electronics with efficient research and development capabilities, excellent technological innovation capabilities and strict quality control capabilities, helping domestic chips to be self-controllable. The company has established an efficient linkage mechanism and long-term and stable cooperative relationship with suppliers such as wafer manufacturers and packaging and testing manufacturers, which has improved the company’s supply chain capability; The company has established an increasingly close partnership with terminal brand customers, kept abreast of the new direction and trends of demand-side technology in good cooperation, and conducted targeted R&D iterations on products, thus improving R&D efficiency. In the future, the company will continue to strengthen technology accumulation, continuously upgrade existing products, continuously enrich the product matrix, enhance its advantages in the field of consumer electronics, expand its applications in the field of industry and automotive electronics, and strive to become the world’s leading analog and embedded chip enterprise.

  (3) Business plan

  1. Strengthen R&D investment, continue product innovation, and promote the steady growth of the company’s main business.

  In 2024, the company expects to maintain the R&D expense rate of the previous year and continuously strengthen R&D investment to meet the company’s growing product demand. The company will adhere to technological innovation, take the application scenario as the traction, continuously lay out new products and new application fields, further consolidate and expand the competitive advantage of the company’s main business, and realize the steady growth of the company’s performance.

  2. Formulate the company’s long-term development strategy and promote the steady and rapid growth of the company.

  The company has set a long-term development strategic goal and determined a short-term business plan for the next three years. The company will make joint efforts in smart phones, automotive electronics, industry and other consumer markets, continuously enrich product categories, realize end-to-end product layout of various application scenarios, and further expand its competitive advantage. Through root technology development and product technology innovation, the company will deposit excellent product definition ability, continue to create value for customers, build a deeper business moat, and promote the company’s steady, high-speed and sustained growth.

  3. Consolidate and enhance the market share of the domestic market and actively explore overseas markets.

  Guided by market demand, the company will continue to pay close attention to the changes in the habits of end users, deeply understand the actual needs of end users for charging products, enhance customer stickiness, explore more efficient and stable customer cooperation modes, and develop new domestic customers to enhance the market share of the domestic market. By establishing overseas sales channels, actively expand overseas customers and enhance business development space.

  4. Continue to promote the company’s cost reduction and efficiency improvement, and increase the profit margin.

  Although the global semiconductor market is expected to recover in 2024, the fierce competition in the domestic chip market is expected to continue. Carrying out cost reduction is conducive to reducing the company’s expenses, improving the company’s profit level, improving efficiency, strengthening the input-output ratio and improving the conversion efficiency of input. In 2024, the company plans to reduce costs and increase efficiency as a key task of its annual operation, which will be implemented in relevant departments and jobs to cope with the weak national economy and intensified competition, and to keep the company’s revenue growing steadily and continuously.

  5. Strengthen organizational construction and improve management efficiency.

  In 2024, the company will continue to strengthen organizational capacity building, carry out the capacity improvement of middle and back-office business departments, improve the overall business process efficiency, and build an efficient business process system with feedback mechanism. The management of the company will further improve the efficiency of operation and management, continuously strengthen the company’s core competitiveness, profitability and comprehensive risk management capabilities, and help the company’s business scale development, with a view to achieving rapid development and giving back to investors.

  6. Promote the standardized operation of listed companies and improve their management ability and governance level.

  In 2024, The Company will strictly abide by the Company Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Company Law), the Securities Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Securities Law), the Listing Rules of science and technology innovation board Stock Exchange of Shanghai Stock Exchange, the Self-regulatory Guidance of science and technology innovation board Listed Companies of Shanghai Stock Exchange No.1-Standardized Operation and the Articles of Association of Shanghai Nanxin Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the Articles of Association). Continue to promote the standardized operation of public companies, fully fulfill the obligation of information disclosure in accordance with the law, actively undertake corporate social responsibilities, improve the governance level of listed companies, continue to strengthen communication with investors, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of investors. At the same time, strengthen the training of the company’s business and system at all levels, improve management ability and level, formulate implementation plans, consolidate management responsibilities, promote the improvement of corporate governance and management level from top to bottom, and ensure the full completion of the annual business objectives.

Pentium Pony Long Life Edition is listed at a price of 24,900-39,900 yuan.

  On October 28th, the Pentium Pony Long Life Edition was officially launched, and four new models were launched, with the price range of 24,900-39,900 yuan. At the same time, FAW Pentium cooperated with the super-popular IP pony Baoli to launch a limited-edition joint-name tidal-modified model. Pentium Pony locates miniature pure electric vehicles, and adopts a more rounded and lovely design style as a whole. In addition, the new car also offers 6 appearances and 5 interior colors. In terms of power, the Pentium Pony Long Life Edition is equipped with a driving motor with a maximum power of 20 kW and a pure electric cruising range of 222 kilometers.

Netcom automobile

Netcom automobile

Netcom automobile

  

car make and model Price (ten thousand yuan) 122KM cute horse 2.49 170KM energetic horse 3.19 222KM smart horse 3.69 222KM lightning horse 3.99 Watchmaking: Netcom Internet Info Agency

 

  In addition, the new car also launched five gifts for car buyers, including Pony Baoli joint gift, value-for-money replacement gift, provincial pet gift, lifelong service gift and Pony Care+ gift.

Netcom automobile

Netcom automobile

  In terms of appearance, Pentium pony adopts a more rounded and lovely design style. In the front part, the round retro headlights with the oval front bumper design below look very cute as a whole, which is very in line with the aesthetics of young people. In addition, the new car offers six car colors: Tiandai Green, Cheese White, Camellia Green, Peach Powder, Jasmine White and Bubble Blue.

Netcom automobile

Netcom automobile

  Viewed from the side, the side of the new car adopts a relatively simple design, and the wheel hub shape with low wind resistance looks very fashionable. In the rear part, the rear shape of the new car echoes the front face design. In terms of body size, its length, width and height are 3000/1510/1630mm and its wheelbase is 1953 mm.

Netcom automobile

  In terms of interior, the interior design of Pentium pony also adopts a simple design style. In addition, the new car interior also offers five interior color schemes to choose from. The new car is equipped with a full LCD instrument, and a large number of knobs and buttons are reserved in the central control area for easy operation. In terms of configuration, the new car comes standard with airbags, ramp assist and reversing radar.

Netcom automobile

  In terms of power, the Pentium Pony Long Life Edition is equipped with a driving motor with a maximum power of 20 kW and a pure electric cruising range of 222 kilometers. It is worth mentioning that the body of Pentium Pony adopts ten core stiffness rings to form a cage-type space structure, with six anti-collision steel beams, and the torsional stiffness of the body (with wind windows) is 14370 nm/degree, and BMS battery management system is adopted, and the battery is waterproof and dustproof.

  (Photo/Text Netcom Du Jinyi)

Multinational experts and scholars: It is absurd for the G-7 to speculate on China’s "economic coercion".

  International experts and scholars believe that the United States and its western allies have always been the main implementers of economic coercion, and have caused great suffering to millions of people around the world.

  Reuters recently quoted an anonymous American official as saying that the Group of Seven (G7) summit in Hiroshima, Japan, from May 18 to 21 will discuss how to deal with "economic coercion" from China in a joint statement.

  "As the United States is by far the largest implementer of unilateral coercive measures in the world, it is hypocritical for G7 to accuse China of economic coercion," said Jeffrey Sachs, an economist at Columbia University. From 2001 to 2018, he served as a special adviser to the UN Secretary-General.

  Francisco rodriguez, a professor at the Bell Institute of International Studies in Denver, USA, found that the economic coercion imposed by the United States, the European Union and other Western allies destroyed the vulnerable groups in the target countries and reduced their living standards.

  In his research report, he said that in 32 studies on the impact of economic sanctions imposed by the United States and other countries, 30 found that sanctions had a negative impact on per capita income, poverty, inequality, mortality and human rights.

  According to the research results published online by the Washington-based Center for Economic and Policy Research on May 4, as far as Iran, Afghanistan and Venezuela are concerned, the sanctions that restrict the government’s access to foreign exchange have affected the ability of these countries to provide basic public goods and services, and have had a huge negative spillover effect on the private sector and non-governmental actors.

  "Instead of blaming China, the G7 would do better to call for discussions with China so that all countries can ensure that their economic and trade measures conform to the UN Charter and the rules of the World Trade Organization," Sachs said.

  He said that G7 represents a group of rich countries allied with the United States, accounting for 10% of the global population and 31% of the global GDP at international prices. In contrast, the BRICS countries (consisting of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) account for 40% of the global population and 32% of the global GDP.

  He said: "G20 is a more representative organization, which brings the two countries (G7 and BRICS) together with other countries." He added that the G20 should continue to expand to include the African Union to increase its representation.

  On January 11th, Foreign Minister Qin Gang said at the completion ceremony of the headquarters project of the African Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, that China took the lead in supporting the AU to join the G20, and was willing to push the G20 to take strong actions to support the AU and African countries to play a greater role in the global governance system.

  Joseph stiglitz, the Nobel laureate in economics, warned on May 12th that the "hostile" policy of the United States towards China may split the world into two groups. He also urged western countries to invest in developing countries instead of "preaching".

  "It would be a good idea … … Other G7 countries tried to put pressure on the United States, saying to the United States, ‘ You are dividing the world into two groups, which will be difficult to deal with ’ Stiglitz made the above remarks to AFP on the sidelines of the G7 ministerial meeting in Japan.

  Stiglitz also warned that the competition between American Democrats and Republicans in taking a tough attitude towards China may undermine international action against climate change and other global crises.

  Carlos martinez, co-editor of the London-based Friends of Socialist China, agreed with Sachs. "Any accusation of economic coercion against China is ridiculous," he said. "So far, the United States is the global leader in unilateral sanctions."

  Martinez added that the United States has been using the dollar’s position in the global economy to implement long-arm jurisdiction and force third parties to cooperate with its sanctions mechanism. "It is extremely hypocritical for the G7 countries to take part in various forms of economic coercion, but point the finger at China," he said.

  Reporter: Chen Weihua

  Editor: Liu Shidong, Li Huifan (internship)

Don’t panic These kinds of "diseases" appear in the physical examination report, but it is not suitable for over-treatment.

  Go and have a physical examination

  Found that the inspection report indicators are not within the normal range.

  Even some "words" make people feel uneasy

  In fact, some may not be sick, so don’t panic!

  01 Carotid Atherosclerosis Plaque: No special treatment is needed if carotid stenosis is not formed.

  The physical examination report shows "carotid atherosclerotic plaque", and many people are very scared, worrying whether it will endanger their health if they ignore it.

  Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, smoking, excessive drinking and less exercise are all risk factors for carotid plaque formation. In addition, carotid plaque may appear with age, even without the above risk factors.

  At this time, it is particularly important to have a healthy eating habit with less oil and salt and proper physical exercise. Of course, it is also very important to treat patients with hyperlipidemia and control various risk factors.

  Prostate calcification: no negative effect on the body.

  Many people will feel panic when they see "prostate calcification" on the physical examination report, and they don’t know how to treat it. In fact, "prostatic calcification" is a scar left over from prostatitis after rehabilitation, which has no negative impact on the body and does not require excessive anxiety and treatment.

  Occasional premature beats and sinus arrhythmia: no need to be overly nervous.

  In the process of heart examination, if you find the following problems, don’t be overly nervous and try not to overtreatment.

  Occasional premature beats

  With the increase of age, many people will have premature beats. If the dynamic electrocardiogram evaluation is accidental and there are no clear symptoms, most of them can pay attention to observation, and don’t think about applying drugs and other means.

  sinus irregularity

  Many people get physical examination reports showing "sinus arrhythmia", and their instinctive reaction is to doubt whether there is something wrong with their heart, but it is not. Our normal heart rhythm is called sinus rhythm. Sinus rhythm is relatively regular, but the number of heartbeats, that is, the heart rate, changes at all times. "Sinus arrhythmia" is a normal physiological phenomenon, which may be related to your mood when doing ECG at that time, such as anger, nervousness and excitement, including taking some drugs, which will affect the heart rhythm results and can be relieved after a calm rest. Children and adolescents often have sinus arrhythmia during their development, and most of them will return to normal with age without special treatment.

  04 blood routine slightly exceeds the standard or decreases without symptoms: more common.

  Routine examination has a normal reference value range. When the blood is tested, this item shows that it exceeds or decreases, and "↑ ↓” . The value that exceeds the standard or decreases is only a little more (less), which is called critical value in laboratory medicine.

  It is very common for blood routine examination to have a critical value.Because there are many factors that affect the blood test results, such as the use time of blood pressure band, the location of blood collection, the way of preservation and the time of inspection, gender, age, race, altitude of residence, and even seasonal changes can interfere with the parameters.

  At the same time, abnormal biochemical indicators such as elevated fasting blood sugar, hyperlipidemia and high uric acid will also have a certain impact on the detection of blood routine, so this is why doctors will think that there is no problem if the indicators are only a little higher or lower and there are no symptoms.

  However, if you do have some uncomfortable symptoms, even if the gap between the test results and the normal reference value is relatively small, it may be a hint of early illness.

  Incidental increase of transaminase index: don’t worry.

  Transaminase is a very sensitive indicator. Taking some drugs, drinking alcohol, staying up late or strenuous exercise will cause the transaminase to rise. After stopping taking drugs or taking a rest, transaminase can return to normal.

  However, if transaminase continues to increase, it is suspected that it is a hepatobiliary disease and needs further examination.

  These three types of urine routine indicators are abnormal: don’t worry.

  Positive urobilinogen: drinking less water may be abnormal.

  When the urine is concentrated and the urine color is dark yellow, there will be urobilinogen positive. For example, when drinking little water and urinating for the first time in the morning, the color will be darker. If bilirubin is positive at the same time, it is necessary to check the bilirubin level in the blood to rule out hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases.

  High/low urine specific gravity: insufficient or excessive drinking water may be abnormal.

  The specific gravity of urine reflects the concentration of urine. When sweating a lot and drinking water is insufficient, the proportion of urine may be greater than normal, that is, false positive; On the contrary, after drinking a lot of water, the urine is diluted, and the diaper may be lower than the normal value, resulting in false negative.

  Urine ketone body positive: Hunger may lead to abnormality.

  Ketosome is the product of fat catabolism, which should be negative in urine normally and positive in urine of diabetic ketoacidosis patients. However, if there is no urine sugar positive, thin body, and no food before physical examination, hunger may also lead to urine ketone body positive.

  Calcified nodules in the lungs: generally no treatment is needed.

  In the CT report, pulmonary nodule-like calcified foci, calcified nodules, old proliferating foci, etc. are all scars left after disease recovery, most of which are caused by previous tuberculosis or lung infection.It does not affect lung function, nor does it cause cancer, and generally does not need any treatment.

  Physiological hyperplasia of mammary glands: generally, it can be resolved by itself with the patient’s self-regulation.

  In the physical examination, many women will have the problem of "mammary gland hyperplasia". Clinical breast hyperplasia is mostly biological breast hyperplasia. Physiological hyperplasia of mammary glands is mainly related to endocrine disorder and bad mood, and the breast will have periodic breast pain with menstrual cycle.Without treatment.

  Only part of pathological breast hyperplasia may become malignant (a small part of breast hyperplasia is associated with breast cancer, but the proportion is probably less than 5%). )

  Develop breast self-examination and pay attention to the following two symptoms:

  ① After menstruation, breast pain did not decrease, and even the pain became heavier and heavier.

  ② The chest can be touched with persistent small pieces, which do not disappear after menstruation and become harder and harder. At this time, you should seek medical attention in time.

  This kind of cyst: basically does not need special treatment.

  Cyst is a benign mass, some single, but also multiple, generally speaking, it has little impact on health, and it is not necessary to be too nervous to find out.As long as the cyst does not cause compression symptoms, organ dysfunction or inflammation and infection to the surrounding organs, there is basically no need for special treatment.If the cyst of liver and kidney is too large, it may oppress adjacent organs and cause discomfort, so it needs active treatment. If there are complications, such as cyst rupture, intracapsular bleeding, etc., surgical treatment is needed.

  Many people find out "liver cyst" through physical examination, and feel particularly scared. In fact, liver cysts are mostly congenital, with a low incidence rate and will not affect liver function.As long as the cyst does not exceed 5cm and does not cause physical discomfort or some clinical symptoms,You don’t need drugs or surgery. Just follow up regularly and observe its size change.

  Cervical cysts are mostly benign,Most of them are caused by chronic inflammation, and the probability of canceration is very low. Generally, there is no need for treatment, so regular review is enough.

  10 Non-inflamed Bone Spurs: Ignore them.

  Bone spur is actually a protective reaction of the body, that is, in the process of aging, the local bones are stimulated unevenly because of uneven stress, which leads to the occurrence of bone spur.As long as it is not inflamed, the bone spur is actually a protective device for the body, and it can be completely ignored at this time.

  Even if you have bone spurs, you should try to delay the aging of joints. To reduce harmful actions, there is a nine-character principle, that is, to be active, to use sparingly, and not to be brave. Don’t deliberately climb mountains and stairs to challenge yourself.

  However, if the body cartilage is destroyed under some external force, cold or local inflammatory stimulation, some bone spurs may hurt. At this time, you must see a doctor in time and let the doctor handle it.

  Thyroid nodules (mostly) found by ultrasound: benign.

  In recent years, the number of thyroid nodules found in physical examination has increased year by year, especially in women than men, and there is a trend of increasing with age.

  Most thyroid nodule are benign,And generally have no obvious physical symptoms. If a thyroid nodule is found, the description isSolidity, microcalcification, extremely low echo and blurred edge need to be paid attention to.Need to see a doctor in time according to the doctor’s advice.

  These "diseases" should not be over-treated.

  Carotid atherosclerotic plaque: If carotid stenosis is not formed, it can be reviewed regularly without special treatment;

  Prostate calcification: no negative effects on the body, no need for excessive anxiety and treatment;

  Arrhythmia and premature beats: occasional premature beats and sinus arrhythmia need not be overly nervous;

  The blood routine is slightly over-standard or reduced, and there are no symptoms, which is very common;

  Physiological hyperplasia of mammary glands: generally, it can be resolved by itself with the patient’s self-regulation;

  Most cysts, and no compression or inflammation: basically do not need special treatment;

  Accidental increase of transaminase index: don’t worry too much;

  Three types of urine routine indicators are abnormal: don’t worry too much;

  Calcified nodules in the lungs: generally no treatment is needed;

  Non-inflammatory spurs: you can ignore them;

  Ultrasonic findings of thyroid nodules (mostly): benign. (CCTV life circle)

China Meteorological Bureau launched a three-level emergency response! Blizzard and fog double warnings are issued!

yesterday

There is strong snowfall in Northeast China.

this morning

There is heavy fog in the central and eastern regions

On January 30th, heavy snow fell in Fuxin, Liaoning. Photo/Text: Zhang Yihan Yang Xiaotong.

From today (31st) to February 5th.

There is a wide range of rain, snow and freezing weather in the central and eastern regions

Issued by the Central Meteorological Observatory

Blizzard blue warning

Fog yellow warning

China Meteorological Bureau started.

Major meteorological disasters (freezing rain and snow)

Three-level emergency response

Image reminder

Need to pay attention to the operation of Spring Festival travel rush and the city

The influence of electric power communication facilities and agricultural production, etc.

South of the Yangtze River

Pay attention to continuous rainfall or local heavy rainfall.

Possible geological disasters

Specifically,

↓ ↓ ↓

It is expected that from January 31st to February 5th.

East of Northwest China, North China and Northeast China

There is snowfall in northern Huanghuai and other places.

South-central Huanghuai, Jianghan, western and northern Jianghuai

Northwest Hunan, north-central Guizhou

Northern and eastern Chongqing and other places

It turns from rain to sleet or snow.

There is moderate to heavy snow in most of the above areas

There is heavy snow in some areas.

Local snowstorm or heavy snowstorm

The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and most of the south

There is moderate to heavy rain, and there is heavy rain in some areas.

1-4 February

Southern Henan, central and western Hubei

Northern Anhui, northern Jiangsu and southern Shandong

Northwest Hunan and eastern Guizhou

There is freezing rain in parts of eastern Chongqing and other places.

The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a blue warning of blizzard.

It is estimated that there will be heavy snow in parts of central and northern Shaanxi, central and southern Shanxi, southwestern Hebei, central and northern Henan, southern Shandong and northern Jiangsu from 8: 00 on January 31 to 8: 00 on February 1, among which there will be heavy snow (10 to 11 mm) in parts of central Shaanxi, southwestern Shanxi and western Henan. The depth of new snow in some of the above areas is 2 to 4 cm, and the local area can reach more than 5 cm.

Defense guide:

1. Please prepare for snow disaster and freezing injury.

2 transportation, railway, electric power, communications and other departments shall conduct inspections and maintenance of roads, railways and lines, and do a good job in road cleaning and snow melting.

3. Pedestrians should pay attention to cold prevention and anti-skid, drivers should drive carefully, and vehicles should take anti-skid measures.

4. Farming and pastoral areas and breeding industries should reserve feed and prepare for snow disaster prevention and freezing injury prevention.

5. Reinforce temporary structures that are easily crushed by snow, such as scaffolding.

The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow fog warning.

It is estimated that there will be heavy fog in the west of the central and southern Yellow Sea, the western East China Sea, the Taiwan Province Strait, the northern Beibu Gulf, the Qiongzhou Strait, the southern coastal waters of Shandong Peninsula, the coastal waters of Jiangsu, the waters near the Yangtze River estuary and Hangzhou Bay, the coastal waters of Zhejiang, the coastal waters of northern Fujian and the coastal waters of Guangdong from day to night on January 31, and the visibility will be less than 1km. From the morning of January 31 to the morning, there were foggy weather in parts of southern Hebei, western Shandong and southern Peninsula, northern Anhui, most of Jiangsu, eastern Zhejiang, northern Fujian, southern Hunan, northwestern Jiangxi, south-central Guizhou and south-central Guangxi. Among them, some areas in southwestern Shandong, eastern Jiangsu, eastern Zhejiang and northwestern Jiangxi have dense fog with visibility less than 500 meters, and local visibility is less than 200 meters.

Defense guide:

1. Because of the low visibility on land, drivers should control the speed to ensure safety.

2. Airports, expressways and ferry terminals shall take measures to ensure traffic safety.

Today’s popular science is coming!

On the way to Spring Festival travel rush

What weather should we pay attention to?

Just before the Spring Festival.

Fog and rain and snow weather

Will have a greater impact on traffic and travel.

Please ask the public with travel plans.

Pay close attention to the weather forecast on the way back.

Ensure travel safety.

Source: Central Meteorological Observatory

Process Editor: U032

In case of problems such as the content and copyright of the works, please contact this website within 30 days from the date of publication of the relevant articles. Contact number of copyright infringement: 010-85202353

Some public facilities in South Korea have lifted the compulsory order of "Epidemic Prevention Pass", including cram schools and cinemas.

  Yonhap News Agency, Jan. 17 (Xinhua)-Kwon Dezhe, the first director (deputy director) of South Korea’s Central Disaster Safety Countermeasures Headquarters, said on the 17th that the government will temporarily lift the epidemic prevention pass (vaccination certificate and negative certificate) system for places with low risk of epidemic spread such as cram schools, reading rooms, museums, cinemas and large supermarkets from tomorrow.

  Quan Dezhe said that the Korean government plans to lift the epidemic prevention pass system being implemented in places where masks can be worn at any time and saliva splashes are less. Compared with last December, the current epidemic situation has slowed down, and the capacity of the medical system has increased. It is necessary to relax the epidemic prevention permit system in places with low risks. In addition, the court recently made a completely different judgment on the epidemic prevention pass system, which caused chaos in various places and needed to be adjusted.

  As a result, six types of places where epidemic prevention passes are being applied will be temporarily lifted, including reading rooms, study cafes, libraries, museums, art galleries, science and technology museums, department stores, large supermarkets, cram schools, cinemas and performance venues. However, it is forbidden to take off masks in reading rooms and cram schools, and epidemic prevention passes continue to be applied to restaurants and cafes in department stores and informal performance venues with more than 50 people.

Reading China’s economic data several times conveys high-quality development signals.

  Reading China | These economic data convey high-quality development signals.

  The economic semi-annual report of the first year of the 14th Five-Year Plan was unveiled! According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics on the 15th, the gross domestic product (GDP) in the first half of the year was 53,216.7 billion yuan, up 12.7% year-on-year at comparable prices. The average growth rate in the two years was 5.3%, 0.3 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter, and the economic development showed a good trend of steady reinforcement and steady progress.

  On July 15th, the State Council held a press conference on the national economy in the first half of 2021. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Xiyao photo

  Production demand continues to pick up. From the production point of view, summer grain has been harvested again, and animal husbandry production has grown steadily.

  Harvester harvests wheat in the wheat field in Pingyi County, Linyi City, Shandong Province (photo taken on June 8). Xinhua News Agency (photo by Wu Jiquan)

  In the first half of the year, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 15.9% year-on-year, with an average growth rate of 7.0% in two years, 0.2 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter; The added value of service industry contributed 53% to economic growth, 2.1 percentage points higher than that in the first quarter.

  Workers assemble vehicles in faw liberation assembly workshop in Changchun, Jilin Province (photo taken on July 7). Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Nanshe

  Chen Xin, a professor at Shanghai Institute of Advanced Finance, Shanghai Jiaotong University, pointed out that China’s economic growth is of great quality, mainly reflected in GDP growth. He said that the growth of the secondary industry is the highest among the total GDP growth. Among them, this growth of manufacturing industry is the strongest, and then if it is subdivided, we can see that the growth of high-tech manufacturing industry is the highest in the manufacturing industry.

  On July 15th, in a garment factory in Qilin Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, workers made garments in the tailor’s workshop. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Fang Dongxu)

  In terms of demand, in the first half of the year, the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 21,190.4 billion yuan, up 23.0% year-on-year, with an average growth of 4.4% in two years, 0.2 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter; The national investment in fixed assets (excluding farmers) was 25.59 trillion yuan, up 12.6% year-on-year, with an average growth rate of 4.4% in two years. Among them, the investment in high-tech industries and social fields grew at a higher average rate in two years. The total import and export volume of goods was 18,065.1 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 27.1%.

  On July 13th, transport vehicles transferred containers at the container terminal in Lianyungang Port, Jiangsu Province. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Wang Chun)

  Chen Xin, a professor at Shanghai Institute of Advanced Finance, Shanghai Jiaotong University, said that China’s export data grew very strongly and the export structure was constantly optimized. At the same time, our spending power is constantly increasing. The awareness of domestic brands has risen, and the consumption growth rate in China is very high.

  Jingtang Port Area, Tangshan Port, Hebei Province, shot on July 15th. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Li Lei)

  The previously released financial statistics for the first half of the year show that in the first half of the year, China’s RMB loans increased by 12.76 trillion yuan, of which medium and long-term loans for manufacturing and loans for small and micro enterprises increased significantly, and the growth rate of real estate loans continued to decline. In the first year of the 14 th Five-Year Plan, this "two increases and one decrease" is of great significance.

  Zhou Hao, a senior economist in Asia at Commerzbank, said that on the one hand, we can see that the growth rate of investment has remained at a relatively high level. More importantly, the growth rate of real estate investment is declining step by step, which means that our adjustment to the whole industry, including policy orientation, is actually very obvious.

  On April 26th, the staff of Zhuji Rural Commercial Bank of Zhejiang Province (first from left, second from right) and the staff of Market Supervision Bureau (second from right) handled the financing loan business of intellectual property pledge on the spot. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Guo Bin)

  The economic data of China in the first half of the year also showed that the employment price was generally stable, with 6.98 million new jobs in cities and towns nationwide, achieving 63.5% of the annual target; The national consumer price index (CPI) rose by 0.5% year-on-year. Residents’ income continued to grow, and the ratio of per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents narrowed. In the first half of the year, the per capita disposable income of the national residents was 17,642 yuan, a nominal increase of 12.6% year-on-year, and an average increase of 7.4% in two years.

  On June 21st, job seekers and recruiters exchanged ideas at the event site. Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Ying photo

  Liu Aihua, spokesperson of the National Bureau of Statistics, said that, on the whole, the national economy continued to recover steadily in the first half of the year, with stability and consolidation. However, we must also see that the global epidemic continues to evolve and there are many external unstable and uncertain factors; The recovery of domestic economy is uneven, and efforts are still needed to consolidate the foundation of stable recovery and development.

  Lhasa citizens choose vegetables at Bayi Agricultural Products Market (photo taken on June 4). Xinhua News Agency reporter Jin Yiqing photo

  Experts believe that under the background that the global epidemic has not been effectively controlled and the world economy is in recession, China’s economy achieved such a "report card" in the first half of the year, which highlights the strong resilience and potential of China’s economy and is optimistic that China’s economy will continue to maintain a steady growth trend.

  Reporter: Sun Qing, Youzhi

  Editor: Wu Weiling, He Li, Liu Zai

  Production: Xinhua FM Studio

  Xinhua news agency audio and video department

Ning Ji Zhe, Deputy Director of the National Development and Reform Commission and Director of the National Bureau of Statistics, answered questions on the release of the unemployment rate in urban su

 

  [editorial comment/note]In order to conscientiously implement the Supreme Leader Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, fully implement the important decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on employment and employment statistics, and accurately and timely reflect the employment and unemployment situation in the country, the National Bureau of Statistics hasfourSince August, the national urban survey unemployment rate and31Survey the unemployment rate in cities and towns. In order to facilitate all sectors of society to better understand the concept, function and survey methods of investigating the unemployment rate, the reporter of China Information News interviewed Ning Ji Zhe, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission and director of the National Bureau of Statistics, on the issues related to the release of the urban survey unemployment rate.

 

  Q: What is investigating the unemployment rate? How is it different from the registered unemployment rate?

 

  A: The survey unemployment rate refers to the percentage of the unemployed population in the total labor force (the sum of the employed population and the unemployed population) calculated through the labor force survey or relevant sampling surveys. Among them, the employed population refers to16At least one year old and above, who has worked at least in order to obtain labor remuneration or operating income during the survey reference period (usually one week before the survey time point)oneHours of people, including vacation, temporary suspension and other on-the-job but not working population. Unemployment refers to16One year old and above, no job but nearthreeI am actively looking for a job in the next month. If there is a suitable job, I can work in2People who start work in a week. The minimum age of the labor force is16One year old, no upper limit. Corresponding to the labor force,16People aged one year and above who are neither employed nor unemployed are called non-laborers, such as housewives who have no will to work, students at school and people who have lost their ability to work. The definitions of employed population and unemployed population in China are consistent with the standards of the International Labour Organization, and the survey of unemployment rate is internationally comparable.

 

  As another effective way and method of unemployment measurement, the urban unemployment registration system has played an important role in reflecting the unemployment situation in China and providing reference for the formulation of employment policies for a long time. However, because it counts the unemployed who meet certain conditions and voluntarily register with employment service agencies, it is increasingly difficult to fully reflect the unemployment situation in China’s rapidly developing and changing economic and social environment. The statistical scope of urban survey unemployment rate is the permanent population of cities and towns, including both the local population of cities and towns and the foreign permanent population, such as the population transferred from rural areas to cities and towns. It does not require unemployment registration, nor does it limit conditions such as household registration and work experience. From the survey method, unlike the method of obtaining registered unemployment rate through administrative records, the survey of unemployment rate is to obtain unemployment rate data through sampling survey of households. There are differences between them in the survey object, survey method, index meaning and calculation method, and they play different roles. Investigating the unemployment rate is essential to comprehensively, accurately and timely reflect China’s macroeconomic operation, the allocation of resources in the labor market, macro-management of services and scientific decision-making. The registered unemployment rate plays an important role in the government’s formulation of employment policies and provision of accurate employment services.

 

  Q: What is the significance of publishing the survey unemployment rate to serve the country’s development?

 

  A: Employment is the biggest livelihood. Full employment is an important goal of macroeconomic policy. As one of the four macroeconomic indicators in parallel with economic growth rate, price index and balance of payments, investigating unemployment rate plays an important role in monitoring macroeconomic operation and reflecting employment and unemployment.2018The Report on the Work of the Government in 2000 included the unemployment rate of urban survey into the main expected goal of economic and social development for the first time, which reflected that the Party and the government paid more attention to employment, better reflected the requirements of shared development, and highlighted the work orientation of improving the quality of employment and achieving fairer and more full employment.

 

  It is not only the common practice of the international community, but also the objective need of our government to serve the society by statistics. By publishing the survey unemployment rate, it can provide information support for the party and the government to strengthen and improve macro-control and scientifically formulate employment policies; It can provide basic data for experts and scholars in scientific research institutions to analyze and judge the labor market situation in China, and to carry out scientific research on employment and unemployment and employment policy consultation; It can provide useful reference for the public to know the employment and unemployment situation of the whole society in time and make employment choices; It can provide an official standard for the international community to understand China’s economic situation and employment situation and conduct international comparisons. Combining the registered unemployment rate with the survey unemployment rate and publishing the data from the two sources at the same time can provide a more comprehensive, accurate, complete and timely information basis for analyzing and judging the employment and unemployment situation in China.

 

  Since this yearfourSince June, the National Bureau of Statistics has incorporated the survey unemployment rate into the main statistical information release plan, and regularly released the national urban survey unemployment rate and31Survey the unemployment rate in cities and towns. In the future, our bureau will gradually increase the content of publication in consideration of social needs and work basis, and try its best to meet the social demand for employment and unemployment data.

 

  Q: Please briefly introduce the survey methods for investigating unemployment rate data?

 

  A: China’s survey of unemployment rate is obtained through labor force survey.2005In, the National Bureau of Statistics began to establish a national labor force survey system, which is conducted twice a year.2009In 2000, in order to reflect the impact of the international financial crisis on China in time, it was established again.31A monthly labor force survey system in a big city, every month in31A survey was conducted in 10 provincial capital cities.2016In 2000, in order to reflect the changes of China’s labor market more comprehensively, quickly and accurately, we integrated the above two parallel labor force surveys and established a national monthly labor force survey, covering all prefecture-level cities (prefectures and leagues) in China.

 

  The national monthly labor force survey adopts the method of sampling survey, calculates the whole population through samples, and the survey sampling scheme is scientifically designed, and adopts the stratified two-stage probability sampling method (PPS), and comprehensively consider the population size of each region and the urban and rural structure of residents. National monthly survey abouttwelveTen thousand households, Covering family households and collective households, the survey sample is highly representative, covering all cities (prefectures, leagues) and peace treaties in China.1800Counties (cities, districts and banners). In order to avoid sample aging and reduce the burden of survey households, the survey samples are rotated in a certain proportion every month. The current resident population (the population living in the household) and the permanent resident population (including the population of the household who has been out for less than half a year) at the survey time are the survey objects, and are not limited by region, household registration, age and so on. The survey adopts the statistical standards recommended by the International Labour Organization. The content of the survey is rich and informative, including the basic information of the respondents such as name, gender, age and education level, and the information on employment and unemployment in the week before the survey time, such as whether they worked, the reasons for not working, the industry and occupation where they worked.

 

  Q: What measures have been taken to ensure the quality of survey unemployment data?

 

  A: Focusing on the core work requirement of ensuring the quality of the survey unemployment rate data, the National Bureau of Statistics has improved the top-level design of the survey system, adjusted and optimized the survey organization and implementation agencies, strengthened the quality control of the survey implementation process, strictly implemented the requirements of data review and quality evaluation, strengthened the construction of grassroots investigators, and strengthened statistical law enforcement and inspection to ensure the authenticity and credibility of the survey unemployment rate data. First, strengthen the top-level design to ensure that the investigation plan is scientific and efficient. The National Bureau of Statistics has conducted in-depth research and exploration on the work of ensuring the data quality of the survey unemployment rate in terms of theory, methods and practice, closely communicated with the International Labor Organization, international counterparts and domestic and foreign scientific research institutes, and extensively referred to international experience, and established a scientific, reliable and standardized national monthly labor force survey system and method system. The second is to strengthen the quality control of the investigation process to ensure the authenticity and reliability of the source data. Solidly carry out the professional training, management and guidance of front-line investigators, strictly implement the quality control requirements of all aspects of data collection, scientifically and meticulously carry out data review, evaluation and analysis, and ensure the comprehensive and accurate implementation of the investigation plan and various work quality requirements. The third is to optimize the means of data acquisition, transmission and processing, and improve the efficiency and quality of investigation. The data collection of the survey unemployment rate is based on the online direct reporting system of the National Bureau of Statistics.oneMore than 10,000 investigators use hand-held electronic terminal equipment to collect data in real time and submit them directly to the National Bureau of Statistics through the network, thus effectively improving the investigation efficiency, and strictly checking and accepting the investigation data to ensure that the data quality responsibility can be traced back. The fourth is to strengthen investigation and publicity and improve the degree of investigation and cooperation. The cooperation and support of residents is the premise and foundation to ensure the quality of unemployment rate data. In recent years, the National Bureau of Statistics has been making continuous efforts to improve the publicity of the labor force survey, and by posting announcements and issuing a letter to the survey households, the majority of households have increased their understanding of the labor force survey and effectively enhanced their cooperation. Fifth, strictly implement the principle of investigation according to law, and strictly guard against statistical fraud and fraud. The National Bureau of Statistics conscientiously implements the Opinions of the Central Committee on Deepening the Reform of Statistical Management System and Improving the Authenticity of Statistical Data, strictly enforces statistical laws and regulations, effectively supervises the investigation process through telephone verification, tamps down the responsibility of grassroots work, and ensures that the data is true, reliable, accurate and timely.

 

  Q: Compared with other countries and regions, what is the level of urban survey unemployment rate in China?

 

  A: All countries in the world regard employment as an important goal of macro-control. In recent years, the world economy has experienced ups and downs, trade protectionism has obviously risen, uncertainty and instability have increased, and China’s employment pressure is still relatively high. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council adhered to the people-centered development thought, guided the grasp of the new normal of economic development, thoroughly implemented the employment priority strategy and active employment policy, made overall plans to stabilize growth, promote reform, adjust the structure, and benefit people’s livelihood, thus maintaining the medium and high-speed economic development and effectively supporting the stable and positive employment situation. According to the latest data of the International Labour Organization, the average unemployment level in developed countries and regions is6.6%The average unemployment level in developing countries and regions is5.5%, the global average unemployment rate is5.7%. Compared with other countries and regions in the world, the unemployment rate in China’s urban areas is lower than the global average and that in developing countries and regions, and the employment situation remains stable.

Micro-short plays are not good for making money, and they are on Chinese plays again?

Author | Gu Han

Editor | Li Chunhui

 

In 2022, long plays are getting shorter and short plays are getting longer.

 

The former is mainly reflected in the change of set number. There are only 24 episodes of the costume drama "The Wind Rises in Longxi" that the stars joined and landed on CCTV, which was unimaginable in previous years. In pure online drama, the volume of about 20 episodes is becoming more and more mainstream. The story of the thrush was split into two parts: 22 episodes and 20 episodes. Think of those fairy tales with 50 or 60 episodes in the early years. It’s like a lifetime ago.

 

The latter is mainly reflected in the change of the duration of the single episode. At the beginning of 2022, the comedy miniseries "Aunt’s World" attracted attention in a single episode of about 5 minutes, while the recent well-known puppet miniseries "I am in ignorance" and "I haven’t seen my only daughter" doubled on this basis, with a single episode of about 10 minutes.These dramas seem to take a middle between the traditional long drama and the short drama, with a slightly longer single episode and horizontal screen shooting.At present, there is no official unified name, so let’s call it "Chinese opera".

 

Aiyou Tengmang did this in order to adapt to the viewing habits of long video users. However, just in the past April, Aauto Quicker also launched a "five-minute drama" wing-supporting plan, and put forward new requirements for production specifications in terms of access conditions, such as "shooting on a horizontal screen, with a frame width-height ratio ≥1.3".

 

This is not without warning. In this year’s Spring Festival, Aauto Quicker’s most famous ancient short play "princess royal is on" is the horizontal screen.

 

 

At the 2020 Watermelon PLAY Curiosity Conference, Ren Lifeng, president of Watermelon Video, put forward three characteristics of Chinese video: 1-30 minutes, horizontal screen and PGC production. Therefore, judging by the length of time, the "micro-short drama" that has been called for several years has already been on the road of Chinese video-even the shortest ones can have one and a half minutes in an episode.

 

The trend of horizontal screen and specialization makes this more clear. The micro-short drama that comes out vertically may ultimately rely on "horizontal" to truly adapt to the long-established habit of watching dramas.

 

Long video, an outsider in the video competition?

 

The video industry has had a hard time these two years. Both long and short videos have entered the stage of stock competition. Among Chinese video players, bilibili, the only one who didn’t work hard in vain, didn’t agree with the positioning of Chinese video at all, and stepped into the mire of burning money in content.

 

In this case, breaking the time limit and expanding the content ecology have become their common choice.According to the theory of high emotional intelligence, the boundaries between long, medium and short videos are becoming more and more blurred. To put it mildly, there are more and more behaviors of copying homework from each other:

 

Tik Tok has launched a web version of PC, and now it can publish pictures and texts in addition to videos. Aauto Quicker added barrage function after double speed. This year, bilibili is pushing for short video with vertical screen. The content of immersion, less processing and the way of sliding up and down are all like shaking fast.

 

Chinese video is a concept that gets hot at the first sign. In the first half of 2020, Quibi (bankrupt) Appeared in Hollywood, who wanted to do short plays in Netflix mode. Gong Yu, CEO of iQiyi, made judgments such as "the market potential of YouTube mode app will increase significantly in the next 2-3 years" and revealed that a new medium-long video product "Suike" was being developed.

 

In the second half of 2020, Watermelon Video, which has attracted much attention because of the long video action of bytes, announced that at least 2 billion yuan will be used to subsidize Chinese video creation in the coming year. In just one year, Chinese video has changed from a crowd to a crowd, and WeChat, Zhihu, Baidu … even Betta has followed suit.

 

 

Nominally, middle video is a cross boundary that appears when short video is long and long video is short. But in fact, the recognized Chinese video players are bilibili, Watermelon Video and even Zhihu. After all, short videos can be made into Chinese videos, and it is easier to achieve it by releasing the time limit. Only the long video platforms, although they have qualifications and resources, are always outsiders in the Chinese video competition.

 

Tencent’s short and medium video exploration started very early, and its street products reached double digits. Microvision will survive until now, and it will be integrated into the same business unit with Tencent Video. Iqiyi borrowed the east wind of "Youth has You 2" when it was first launched. However, it never formed a real creative ecology and failed to transform into a second-generation platform for its film and television dramas. After the wave of layoffs at the end of last year, it also merged with other products.

 

The reasons are as follows: First, the forms of entertainment are increasingly subdivided, and "Shake Fast B" have occupied the mountain of PUGC and fragmented entertainment. More importantly, PUGC’s long video is something that was once owned and actively eliminated. Long video has been on the road of professional content and payment mode for a long time, and now users want to go back and pick up PUGC, which users are neither used to nor expected.

 

In this way, the special features of Chinese drama are revealed.You don’t have to rely on ecology in particular, but you can operate it according to the drama series. It may be a rare opportunity for a long video to grab the initiative in the middle video.

 

Is the video still waiting to be defined?

 

It may be due to the fact that YouTube was taken as the control group from the beginning inside and outside the industry, and there is a ready-made bilibili for reference in China. It may also be because it is the byte system that has been keen to define and promote it, and Chinese video seems to have been deeply bound to PUGC mode.

 

When it comes to Chinese video, we will first think of VLOG, pan-knowledge content, film and television commentary/second creation, etc. However, this is not necessarily because of how well these contents fit with the Chinese video, but more likely because of the repeated collisions between Chinese video players, or between long, medium and short videos around these contents (such as wizard financial events), and the impression left over time.

 

How can a long video platform develop its video? In the past, the answer was basically to incorporate film and television commentary/second creation, so that the traffic of short and medium videos can be precipitated around the long video IP, which is typical for example. Instead of creating long-term content in a professional way that is familiar to long videos.

 

In fact, 1-30 minutes is the professional content that most viewers are familiar with: a cross talk or sketch, an animated cartoon, a sitcom, a MV or music scene, a segment cut by a TV station with advertisements …

 

 

In other words, the long video platform has a lot of professional content of medium video length, and even the single episode of many online dramas in the early years is about ten or twenty minutes. Only in a specific period, 40-60 minutes showed a greater advantage, so that this specification was eliminated, or at least marginalized in live-action dramas.

 

However, nowadays, when people’s time is further divided by short videos and patience is further eroded, 40-60 minutes of continuous watching becomes a kind of pressure. The volume of short and medium videos has become more in line with the demands of this audience.

 

 

Compared with the mini-short drama with a single episode of less than 5 minutes, the Chinese drama, which has doubled in duration, has a huge imagination space.

 

First of all, in terms of content, it can make the script more elaborate, no longer ups and downs, and the characterization is more delicate and free from stereotypes. On the whole, longer and more elaborate stories can also make Chinese dramas convey more different emotions and dig deeper themes beyond "cool".

 

On a more practical level, the realization of miniseries has always been a hot topic. Behind the occasional explosions, there are countless projects and teams with cannon fodder. This is the case in the period of "barbaric growth" of each content, except that the miniseries may have a shorter period and pay less.

 

At present, the monetization methods used in micro-short plays include advertisement implantation, brand customization (single episode, non-drama or whole play), leading actor’s delivery after becoming a talent through short play hit (limited to shaking fast), and content payment.

 

For the advertising model, the longer duration of Chinese drama undoubtedly gives more room for implantation. In the payment mode, the longer the duration and the more detailed the story, the better the chance for the audience to "willingly" pay for the Chinese drama.

 

In addition, telling the story well and IP-translating the content creativity instead of the actors may be good for long video platforms and non-MCN film and television companies that can’t adopt the mode of bringing goods by talents. In the barrage of "Oblivity", many netizens have expressed their desire to see this story expanded into a more excellent long drama. At first, the micro-short-drama brand rabbit-rabbit culture, which was invested by bilibili, also hoped to carry out creative testing and IP incubation through micro-short-drama.

 

This world, after all, is horizontal?

 

Hard Sugar Jun once thought that the micro-short plays of each platform may form distinct style barriers according to their respective interface design and audience groups. However, it seems that the specifications of micro-short dramas and Chinese dramas in the future may gradually become unified, or be stable in certain types. At least on the issue of horizontal screen and vertical screen, the trend has been revealed.

 

Yien Data: Insights into the Trend of Video Content in 2021-Micro-Short Plays

 

Why are micro-short plays and Chinese plays slowly falling to the horizontal screen?

 

Vertical screen is the most commonly used specification of short video, and the main body of the screen is often very clear, with little information, which is consistent with the demand of short video to minimize the energy input of users. However, when miniseries want to overcome the commercialization problem, this pursuit cannot be changed, and it is necessary to seek specialization and quality upgrading, so that the audience can adjust their psychological expectations from casual viewing to serious input.

 

Horizontal screen is the most widely used specification in traditional film and television, and it will look more like professional content than short video. Secondly, the format of movies and TV series has evolved many times, but the overall trend is to broaden horizontally, which fully proves the superiority of horizontal screen over vertical screen in storytelling-it can accommodate more information, and can assist narrative through depth of field, scheduling and other skills, making the picture look beautiful and textured.

 

 

More importantly, the same horizontal screen specifications as traditional film and television are more convenient for traditional film and television practitioners to transition to the creation of micro-short dramas and Chinese dramas.Looking back at the early reports of miniseries, there are many film and television practitioners who are unfamiliar with the balance between vertical screen and short video rhythm, and the performance of miniseries is not as good as that of short video MCN.

 

When the long video platform collectively came to an end and pushed the horizontal screen specification, this problem was no longer a problem. Some traditional film and television companies familiar to the audience, such as Huayi Chuangxing, Jiaxing Media and Wuyuan Culture, have all come to an end. Last year, Fang Guoyun Culture, the producer of "Who’s the Murderer" in Fog Theater, was revealed by Ren Xiaofeng, the chairman of the board, at the industry forum that the company currently has as many as 30+ short drama projects.

 

Sitting on the tuyere<念念无明&会成为“昙花一现”吗?丨导演曾庆杰专访》

 

A more realistic situation is: on the connection with traditional film and television companies, on the "distance" from the main force of drama chasing, on the operation and announcement ability of drama series, after all, the long video platform is better.

 

In Q1, 2022, Mango TV’s "Ignorance" achieved a total broadcast volume of 510 million, and Tencent video’s "Please! Don’t spoil me has 450 million plays, both higher than the 420 million in Aauto Quicker’s station TOP1 and the 310 million in Tik Tok’s station TOP1. For the first time in the field of short drama, the long video platform overtakes the short video platform, and the market structure has quietly changed.

 

Back in 2018, Life Began on Me, which was broadcast on iQiyi, provoked the topic of short drama with vertical screen for the first time. However, the long video platform did not match the vertical screen and the length of one minute, and Aauto Quicker and Tik Tok got the first bonus of short drama, which gave the first definition of short drama.

 

Will this situation be reversed in 2022? If one day the long video successfully takes the lead in short drama, will it be a blessing or a curse for short drama?

It’s hot, you may get more money! Attached to the distribution standards of 28 provinces

  Sino-Singapore Jingwei client May 31 (Xiong Jiali) Entering the summer, many places in the country are welcoming high temperatures, and your salary may be more than a sum of money &mdash; &mdash; High temperature allowance. Come and see, how much can you get?

  Hainan has the longest distribution time, and these four provinces have the most.

  According to the incomplete statistics of Sino-Singapore Jingwei client, 28 provinces have announced the high temperature allowance standard. In these 28 provinces, the high temperature allowance is divided into three categories: monthly, daily and hourly. Judging from the length of payment, among the provinces that clearly stipulate the time of payment of high temperature allowance, most provinces are between June and August or September. Among them, Hainan Province has the longest distribution time, from April 1 to October 31, with a time span of 7 months.

  Judging from the amount of payment, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces have the highest subsidies on a monthly basis. The standard of high temperature allowance in Shanghai and Jiangsu provinces is 300 yuan/month, while that in Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces is divided into "outdoor" and "indoor". The current high temperature allowance standard in Zhejiang is 300 yuan/month for outdoor workers and 200 yuan/month for indoor workers; Jiangxi stipulates that the high-temperature allowance for workers engaged in outdoor high-temperature operations is not less than 300 yuan/month, and that for workers engaged in indoor non-high-temperature operations is not less than 200 yuan/month.

  On a daily basis, Shaanxi and Jiangxi rank first and second respectively. The allowance standard in Shaanxi is 25 yuan/day per person, and Jiangxi is not less than 20 yuan/day per person.

  In Tianjin, where high temperature allowance is also paid on a daily basis, the payment standard is linked to the average monthly salary of employees, and the calculation method is: the average monthly salary of employees in the previous year is 21.75 × 12%. For example, according to the average monthly salary of employees in Tianjin in 2018 of 5,871 yuan, the standard of high temperature allowance in Tianjin in 2019 is 32 yuan/day.

  In addition, among the above 28 provinces, Hebei Province pays high temperature allowance by the hour, with 2 yuan per hour for outdoor workers and 1.5 yuan per hour for indoor workers.

  Photo by Xin Jingwei and Zhang Yunan in the data map

  High temperature allowance in some areas may be adjusted.

  The client of Sino-Singapore Jingwei noticed that as of May 30, 2020, only Shaanxi in 28 provinces had issued the 2020 version of the summer heatstroke prevention and cooling notice, and the other 27 provinces were still extending the policy of last year or even earlier, and the standard of high temperature allowance in some areas remained unchanged for many years.

  For example, the high temperature allowance standard in Henan Province has not changed since it was extended in 2008. In 2008, Henan Province announced that the standard of high temperature allowance was 10 yuan per person per working day. If the employer fails to consider the high-temperature operation factor when formulating or adjusting the post salary standard, or the high-temperature allowance standard is lower than that of 10 yuan per person per working day, it shall be implemented according to the standard of 10 yuan per person per working day.

  The high temperature allowance standard currently implemented in Shandong Province is the Notice on Adjusting the heatstroke prevention and cooling fee standard for enterprise employees (Lu Ren She Fa [2015] No.45) in 2015. Among them, it is stipulated that the personnel engaged in outdoor operations and high temperature operations will be 200 yuan per person per month; 140 yuan per person per month for non-high temperature operators. The whole year is counted and distributed in June, July, August and September.

  In addition, the high temperature allowance standard in Guangxi was formulated in 2011 and has not been adjusted so far. Although Guangdong’s current high temperature allowance standard was formulated in 2012, each person has a monthly 150 yuan. But in fact, as early as 2007, Guangdong issued the Notice on Promulgating the Standards of High Temperature Allowance in Guangdong Province. Comparing the two documents, the subsidy amount of high temperature allowance is the highest in 150 yuan.

  The Administrative Measures for Heatstroke Prevention and Cooling Measures, which was implemented in 2012, clearly stipulates that the high-temperature allowance standard shall be formulated by the provincial human resources and social security administrative department in conjunction with relevant departments, and adjusted in a timely manner according to the social and economic development. Therefore, provinces that have not raised the high temperature allowance standard for many years may adjust the standard.

  Who can enjoy the high temperature allowance? What if the unit doesn’t send it?

  In June 2012, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and other four departments formulated the Management Measures for Heatstroke Prevention and Cooling Measures (hereinafter referred to as the Measures), which stipulated the specific high-temperature allowance system.

  The "Measures" stipulate that workers engaged in high-temperature operations shall enjoy post allowances according to law. If the employing unit arranges the laborers to engage in outdoor open-air operations in high-temperature weather above 35℃ and cannot take effective measures to reduce the workplace temperature below 33℃, it shall pay the laborers a high-temperature allowance, which shall be included in the total wages.

  Who can enjoy it? The Sino-Singapore Jingwei client noticed that the Measures are applicable to employers such as enterprises, institutions and individual economic organizations that have high-temperature operations and arrange workers’ operations during high-temperature weather. That is to say, as long as employers arrange high-temperature operations, workers in enterprises, institutions and individual economic organizations can enjoy high-temperature allowances according to law.

  What if the unit doesn’t issue high temperature allowance? If the employer violates the rules in granting the high temperature allowance, the worker can ask the trade union for help. The "Measures" pointed out that trade unions have the right to propose to employers, and employers should make corrections in time. If the employer refuses to make corrections, the trade union organization shall submit it to the relevant departments for handling according to law, and supervise the handling results. (Zhongxin Jingwei APP)