标签归档 西安耍耍论坛

　　Our reporter, Wan Jing

　　In June 2016, after the release of the "Opinions of the State Council on Establishing Fair Competition and Censorship in the Construction of the Market System" (hereinafter referred to as Document No. 34), in 2017, all provinces and cities across the country began to establish rules and regulations, and fully implemented Document No. 34. 31 provinces have issued implementation plans or implementation measures.

　　The National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, and the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council, together with relevant departments, studied and formulated the "Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Fair Competition Censorship (Interim) " (hereinafter referred to as the "Detailed Rules"), which were approved by the State Council and issued in October 2017. The industry unanimously commented that "another boot has landed" to allow the fair competition review to enter the substantive implementation stage.

　　19 provinces were included in the performance appraisal

　　"Legal Daily" reporters found that since the release of Article 34, all ministries and commissions of the State Council have established a fair competition review mechanism; 31 provinces have issued implementation plans to carry out the review work in an orderly manner. It is particularly noteworthy that 19 of these 31 provinces have proposed to establish and improve the government affairs and administrative commitment assessment system and improve the accountability mechanism for fair competition review.

　　Six provinces – Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Tianjin, Jiangxi, Hebei and Qinghai – called for stronger accountability and the establishment of a system of assessment, supervision and accountability for fair competition review work. Taking Jiangxi Province as an example, the Provincial Fair Competition Review Joint Conference Office and relevant industry authorities should strengthen the assessment and supervision of fair competition review work, and local governments and departments that fail to conduct fair competition review or violate fair competition review standards and introduce policies and measures, as well as fail to correct relevant policies and measures in a timely manner, must be seriously accountable.

　　In addition, more than 10 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) including Shanghai, Tibet, Inner Mongolia and Shandong have proposed to improve the evaluation mechanism and encourage the government to purchase services and entrust third parties to carry out evaluations. Evaluation reports should be open to the public for comments, and evaluation results should be open to the public.

　　The rules ensure that the review is left behind

　　At the end of October 2017, the "Detailed Rules" jointly issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, and the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council were officially issued. Non-review and non-serious review in the practice of fair competition review are the primary issues to be solved by the "Detailed Rules".

　　To this end, the "Detailed Rules" mainly strengthen the procedural constraints on the fair competition review work in the following aspects: clarify the internal review mechanism, require the formation of written review conclusions, refine the rules and procedures for soliciting opinions, and establish a regular reporting system. More notably, the "Detailed Rules" further clarify the issue of supervision and reporting and accountability, and stipulate that any unit or individual can report to the policy-making authority or report to the superior authority or the anti-monopoly law enforcement agency if the review is not conducted or the review standards are violated.

　　Professor Shi Jianzhong, a member of the Expert Advisory Group of the Anti-Monopoly Committee of the State Council and Vice President of China University of Political Science and Law, believes that it is far from enough to establish fair competition censorship, and the cage of the system must be further tightened and tightened. The Detailed Rules explain and refine the relevant provisions of fair competition censorship from the aspects of review mechanisms and procedures, review standards, exception provisions, social supervision, and accountability, ensuring that fair competition review becomes a necessary procedure before the introduction of policies and measures, ensuring that review leaves traces, avoiding self-censorship as a formality, and preventing perfunctory.

　　Investigate and punish restrictions on competition

　　In July 2017, the National Development and Reform Commission disclosed that the National Development and Reform Commission and the Sichuan Provincial Development and Reform Commission investigated and found that the Chengdu State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission organized a special coordination meeting and issued meeting notes, requiring municipal state-owned enterprises and their wholly-owned and controlling subsidiaries (sub) companies to give priority to insurance services provided by local state-owned enterprises under the same conditions of price and service. Chengdu State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission took the initiative to issue a document to abolish the above meeting notes.

　　Rather than establishing rules and regulations, the public is more concerned about practical actions. As fair competition censorship has gradually and solidly advanced across the country, in 2017, many local governments began to strictly review their respective policy documents in accordance with the spirit of Circular 34. During the year, many acts of restricting competition or abusing administrative power to interfere with market competition order have been corrected or are being corrected.

　　According to a person from the Price Supervision Bureau of the National Development and Reform Commission, there are currently more than 40 cases of abuse of administrative power to exclude and restrict competition that have been completed or are being handled in various places, and will be disclosed one after another in the near future.

　　On December 5, 2017, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, and the Ministry of Commerce jointly issued the "2017-2018 Work Plan for Cleaning Up Existing Policies to Exclude and Restrict Competition".

　　According to the plan, by May 2018, all departments of the State Council and local people’s governments at all levels and their subordinate departments will form a conclusion on the policies and measures to eliminate and restrict competition, and repeal or adjust them according to the procedures. Before July 2018, local people’s governments at all levels and their subordinate departments will conduct a comprehensive summary of the clean-up work, form a written report, and report it level by level. Before November 2018, the inter-ministerial joint conference on fair competition review will organize inspections of the clean-up work of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and departments, and correct those that are not in place.

　　Supervision network ride-hailing local policy

　　In 2017, the biggest challenge to fair competition censorship was the introduction of local policies on ride-hailing. Many people use local policies on ride-hailing as "test strips" to test whether fair competition reviews are real.

　　New regulations on ride-hailing in many places have set up obstacles to the relevant conditions of "people and cars", and "deliberately" shrinking the policy space given to the online car-hailing industry by the Ministry of Transport. In response, Beijing Tianyuan Law Firm recently reported to the relevant anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies that "the detailed rules of online car-hailing in some cities are suspected of violating fair competition censorship and are suspected of abusing administrative power to exclude and restrict competition." At present, the National Development and Reform Commission has started to investigate the situation of local online car-hailing fair competition reviews.

　　Under the supervision of the National Development and Reform Commission, in September 2017, Quanzhou, Fujian and Lanzhou, Gansu Province successively revised the previously formulated detailed rules for the implementation of online car-hailing. The adjustment direction includes weakening the personal and household registration restrictions on online car-hailing drivers, lowering the price and technical conditions requirements for online car-hailing vehicles, canceling access restrictions on online car-hailing vehicles and drivers, and canceling other unreasonable restrictions that violate the requirements of the market economy.

　　According to a relevant person from the Price Supervision Bureau of the National Development and Reform Commission, many local governments are not copying or forwarding documents in implementing the spirit of Document No. 34, but actually conducting censorship, which is why there are more than 40 cases mentioned above. This is also closely related to the efforts of the development and reform departments to initiate and organize local administrative departments to train and study Document No. 34 and the Detailed Rules. At present, some local governments, especially at the grass-roots municipal and county levels, need to speed up the implementation of fair competition censorship, establish relevant working mechanisms as soon as possible, and really move. In addition, local governments need to come up with practical solutions in specific work implementation, such as the problem of "stock clearance".

　　Just after the Spring Festival holiday, BYD began to "strengthen" its friends. On February 19th, BYD launched the glory version of Qin PLUS and destroyer 05, and set the starting price of the two models at 79,800 yuan. A week later, BYD Han and Tang glory models also came on the market. Among them, BYD Han DM-i glory version started at 169,800 yuan, Han EV glory version started at 179,800 yuan, Tang DM-i glory version started at 179,800 yuan, and there were also 2024 Han DM-p God of War versions with a price of 259,800 yuan. Obviously, for the whole automobile market, this price reduction is not only an operation of "lifting the table", but also a blow to all friends in the price range of 100,000-150,000 yuan.

　　According to the sales data in the first two weeks of March, BYD achieved 38,600 vehicles and 49,100 vehicles respectively. At the same time, thanks to the continuous expansion of the glory family, BYD’s sales in the second week (March 4-March 10) finally returned to more than 40,000 vehicles, which not only surpassed Volkswagen in sales, but also increased by more than 27% from last week. Analysis of the reasons: First, the price war effect of the core product line is remarkable. Up to now, BYD has launched more than 10 glory versions of new cars, from Qin PLUS glory version, Han EV glory version to Seagull glory version, etc., and the main models of BYD Dynasty series and Ocean series have basically completed the annual change.

　　Secondly, BYD used "all-category layout+energy revolution+cost control+intelligent upgrade" to fundamentally rob the user population of the joint venture brand. In the past, independent brands wanted to break through the blockade of joint venture brands on the mainstream household market, mostly relying on a single category to break through. The most common one was to make a "flat replacement" for CR-V or RAV4 models. However, with the continuous deepening of BYD’s "vehicle intelligence" strategy, the core advantages of its products no longer rely solely on price, but have achieved a comprehensive breakthrough in driving comfort, economy and intelligence, especially BYD, which has always been considered by the outside world as lacking intelligence. With the cooperation between the 2024 BYD Han EV Glory Edition and Horizon (equipped with Journey 5), BYD, a "top student", has opened the road of high-level intellectual driving.

　　Therefore, if BYD’s strategy of "electricity is lower than oil" only makes the joint venture car companies "complain repeatedly", then it is even more painful for friends that this top student whose annual sales just broke 3 million will continue to make progress in 2024.

　　There is no time to be quiet, and the intelligent track only has to be rolled up.

　　On the 2024 BYD Dream Day held on January 16th this year, Wang Chuanfu announced a new strategy for the intelligent development of enterprise cars — — The whole vehicle is intelligent, and it shows the intelligent strength and future strategic layout to the outside world.

　　Taking the automatic driving section as an example, BYD divides the existing DiPilot intelligent driving platform into two systems and multiple gears, among which the L2-oriented auxiliary driving system is uniformly named DiPilot 10 and 30 platforms, while the L2+-oriented high-order intelligent driving system is uniformly named DiPilot 100, 300 and 600, and the newly launched BYD Han EV Glory Edition Eye of God intelligent driving model is built based on DiPilot 100 platform.

　　According to official information, the glory version of Han EV with a price of 249,800 yuan is the first model of Yadi Dynasty equipped with the "Eye of the God" DiPilot 100 platform. Its hardware adopts a high-order intelligent driving special computing scheme from the horizon, with a computing power of 128TOPS. Based on the L2+ intelligent driving assistance function, it has upgraded the high-speed navigation NOA and AVP parking service functions of high-speed and urban expressways. It can also achieve driving tasks such as intersection traffic (straight, left turn, right turn, U-turn, etc.), traffic light traffic, overtaking, intelligent obstacle avoidance, merging, lane keeping, cruising driving, lane switching and pedestrian-non-motor vehicle courtesy in urban areas, and the intelligent driving strength has been improved obviously.

　　Wang Chuanfu believes that vehicle intelligence can solve two major pain points: First, at present, the industry equates automobile intelligence with intelligent cabin driving, which leads to the narrowing of the concept; Second, most systems of smart cars are purchased and assembled by different suppliers, which leads to the failure of linkage and integration between systems and the inability to truly meet the diverse needs of users.

　　Speaking of this, Journey 5 is also the first computing solution in the industry that integrates high-order automatic driving and intelligent interaction. It not only has a computing power of 100, but also has a computing performance of 1718FPS, a delay speed of 60 milliseconds, and a power consumption of 30 watts. From the book data evaluation, it has indeed achieved the characteristics of high computing power, high performance and low power consumption, and hand in hand with BYD Han EV Glory Edition with an annual sales volume of 220,000+. It will also promote NOA’s high-level intelligent driving function to continue to explore models below 250,000 yuan, especially in the face of the core demands of NOA’s "opening the city", "scale" and reducing costs and increasing efficiency in 2024, and the cooperation with Horizon will also help BYD to go more smoothly on the road of high-level intelligent driving.

　　Horizon makes BYD’s road to high-level intellectual driving smoother.

　　Why choose the horizon? From a macro perspective, Horizon is currently the largest intelligent driving computing solution provider in China, and it is also the first intelligent driving computing solution provider in the industry that can support L2~L4 full-scene intelligent driving pre-installation mass production. According to the latest Market Share List of NOA Calculation Scheme for Passenger Cars Front-mounted in China Market in 2023 released by the Institute of Intelligent Automobile of Hi-Tech, Horizon has become the head player after NVIDIA, accounting for 35.49% of the market, and NOA models equipped with Horizon calculation scheme are in the lead at present.

　　Obviously, from the perspective of industry status and mass production capacity, Horizon and BYD can be called "suitable".

　　Secondly, judging from the bottleneck of NOA track development, the breakthrough of NOA high-level intelligent driving needs to go through three hurdles, namely, cost hurdle, scale hurdle and daily hurdle; At the same time, for car companies, the demand for smart driving products is developing differently. The essence of volume value and volume price comes from the bottleneck of efficiency. The key to solving the problem lies in the reconstruction of the computing base, and all of this is to reduce costs and increase efficiency. The computing scheme based on unified hardware architecture, tool chain and software stack will be the ultimate answer.

　　The brand-new ecological model proposed by Horizon, which is soft and hard full-stack empowerment and cooperation between car companies, is in line with the intelligent demands of the current head car companies. First, Horizon is one of the few players in the industry who have the full-stack capability of software and hardware. In addition to launching Journey 5 and Journey 6 series for high-level intelligent driving, Horizon also has world-class algorithms and leading software technology stack, which realizes the rapid deployment of high-performance algorithms by combining the advantages of software and hardware of Horizon. Second, Horizon is committed to creating an "ARM+Android" model in the era of smart cars through various empowerment methods such as open software IP authorization and BPU IP authorization. Based on the technical scheme of "chip+tool chain+reference algorithm", it will build a software and hardware shelf for intelligent driving, which will help the development and landing of differentiated intelligent driving schemes between car companies and industrial chain partners.

　　It can be found that Horizon can not only provide a smart driving calculation scheme covering low, middle and high levels, but also provide a flexible and affordable smart driving scheme, which is just in line with "vehicles that need to travel" like BYD Tang, Song and Seal, and from the user’s point of view, in the future, high-speed pilot-assisted driving functions should also be standard for mid-to high-end brands.

　　Obviously, the urban NOA is much more complicated than the high-speed NOA, so it puts forward higher requirements for the ability of the intelligent driving system. At present, only a few car companies have this ability, and with the listing of BYD Han EV Glory Edition, it undoubtedly means that BYD’s "intelligent second half" has taken a step forward successfully, and the platform cooperation of the horizon will also help BYD speed up its intelligence. It is worth mentioning that BYD has officially announced that it will be the first batch of mass-produced intentional cooperative car companies of Horizon Journey 6 series. Based on the cooperation of Journey 6, the two parties will jointly open a new stage of the development of smart driving. (Text: Yang Xiaohong Figure: Horizon BYD)

　　Recently, there have been frequent news about Meizu’s new mobile phone on the Internet, probably because the 15th anniversary of Meizu is getting closer and closer. The flagship phone that Huang Zhang personally promised to build for Meizu’s 15th anniversary is highly anticipated, so there are different opinions about this mysterious new product.

　　What has attracted the most attention and discussion is the picture of the three openings on the back of the fuselage, which has been interpreted by many people as the design of Meizu’s new machine. There is also news that Meizu’s flyme 7.0 is far away, which has aroused a lot of kerosene emotion. However, these revelations have recently been confirmed to be rumors: the online spy photos have nothing to do with Meizu’s new machine, and flyme 7.0 is not as the revelation said, "It’s still early".

　　In fact, Meizu has been able to attract so much attention because of its ingenuity in building products, which has won the recognition and love of the majority of users, and has therefore won more expectations.

　　Recently, both Gionee and OPPO have released new products. Gionee has released eight new models, focusing on full-screen. Among them, the MediaTek Helio P30 processor equipped with the mid-to-high-end S11S of Gionee is priced at 3,299 yuan; while OPPO’s new A79 mobile phone is equipped with the MediaTek Helio P23 processor, priced at 2,399 yuan. In comparison, Meizu can be said to be quite kind in terms of price.

　　Take Meizu’s recently released flagship model Pro 7 as an example. First of all, the production process is very sophisticated. It uses high-end skills to forge a luxurious texture, a new glossy wire drawing process, and an integrated metal body is forged. The brushed metallic luster is more noble. Even the small card slot is made of all-metal material to ensure the integrity of the fuselage. Whether it is visual or tactile, it creates top-notch craftsmanship. In the design field that Meizu has always been passionate about, the flagship model breaks through the industry design bottleneck and innovatively introduces a dual-screen design, breaking the limitations of the mobile phone industry in the field of screen design. It is deeply recognized and praised by the industry and consumers.

　　There is also the Flyme system that must be mentioned when it comes to Meizu. As Meizu’s original system, it provides a strong internal support for the high quality of Meizu mobile phones. The smooth running experience, user-friendly interaction design, and changeable and fast function operation all inject an irreplaceable soul gene into the quality of Meizu mobile phones. The perfect combination of Flyme and dual-screen design brings users a new scene experience in both design appearance and user experience. It is truly a design and product for users, and it shows Meizu’s sincere original intention.

　　From the design to the craftsmanship to the Flyme system, it can be seen that Meizu has a serious attitude and craftsman mentality when it comes to the opposite product. And such quality, among similar products, the price is actually more sincere. Generally, products of the level of Meizu Pro 7 have long been priced beyond the actual value of the product. And Pro 7 is based on the principle of one heart to the user, and the price starts at 2499. Properly pricing a high-end model as a "cost-effective" model shows Meizu’s sincerity.

　　All along, in the face of the turbulent world, Meizu has not been affected, does not follow the trend, does not deliberately imitate, but adheres to its own philosophy, forges its inner spirit into the product, and speaks with strength. It is precisely because of this seriousness that it is able to make a high-quality product like Pro 7, which is widely recognized and loved by consumers.

　　Meizu mobile phones have always been in the spirit of ingenuity, developing products that are truly tailor-made for consumers. It is precisely because of this that when other brands are taking advantage of the time to release new products at the end of the year, Meizu has always been calm and does not act rashly. We have reason to believe that Meizu is brewing a big move for the upcoming 15th anniversary. And from the habit of Meizu always liking innovation and creating high-end quality products, the new machine will definitely bring satisfactory surprises, and also let us give a little more time to our attentive products and look forward to Meizu’s new works together.

Renting a car has always been controversial. I really know this industry very well. Can you rent a car? I tell everyone clearly that you can definitely rent a car. It just needs to be consideredhaveIt’s not a question of whether you can rent a car, but whether you will. There are too many real cases around me, I really can’t count them! In Huaian, Jiangsu, where I am located, basically every company rents3800Yuan, the monthly flow can reach1.2But let me tell you, the so-called "pits" are not visible on the surfaceIt’s called"Pit"! The following "super pits" must be paid attention to!

The first is the mileage limit. When renting a car, if you don’t mention it, they will definitely not take the initiative to bring up this issue. Generally, the rented car will only run for you every month.110,000 kilometers, as long as you run enough miles, you can’t continue running this month. Didn’t you think? As I mentioned above, what you can’t see is the real "pit". 10,000 kilometers of running water is probably1.2About 10,000 yuan, after all, when you usually use the car and pick up passengers, it doesn’t count as money.

1.2Million yuan removed500Yuan household electricity bill, minus300The electricity bill of the Yuan fast charging station, and3800Yuan car rental, you can only have the rest7400Yuan! Under normal circumstances, if you are really going to rely on online car-hailing to eat, every month1Ten thousand kilometers is absolutely not enough. Just this alone, it is estimated that many people can’t bear it.

Secondly, the condition of the car, although the car is used to make money, the condition of the car cannot be ignored. You must not rent that kind of old car, because the battery of the old generation car is not very good, and the shrinkage is more serious. The battery life of more than 400 kilometers can run at most200.About kilometers, this is a very serious matter. Charging is a small matter, mainly to delay making money by yourself. If you can’t rent a new car, don’t hesitate and give up!

Here to talk about, generally GAC Ai’an, Changan Yidong New Energy, Geely Emgrand, GeometryA proThe new BAICEUQichenD60They are all more reliable. I don’t mean that the car is good, but it is more reliable than the entire car rental industry. If you rent a Pentium, the old BAICEU5, then be careful, these cars will be like I said above. Also, the mileage should be less than20Thousands of kilometers, more than20The 10,000-kilometer car’s battery life is basically downhill, which has a relatively large impact on making money and is prone to problems.

Finally, there is the issue of the duration of the contract. If it is signed at one time6Years, don’t hesitate, just give up. The reason is simple, if you can really run6Year, then here6In years, you will definitely choose to buy your own car. If you are not satisfied with running6Years, the same need to pay liquidated damages. Therefore, be sure to be optimistic about the contract period, generally2It is signed once a year or so. Then there is the problem of accidents. The industry standard is that the insurance driver of the year after the accident is carried out. If there is no insurance, the insurance premium will be borne by the company. It depends on how the individual handles it. The insurance fee is about1.2About 10,000 yuan.

Can games be an effective way to learn, and how should we perceive the learning function of games?

The University of Wisconsin-Madison professor James Paul Gee’s book Game-Changed Learning: Game Literacy, Critical Thinking, and the Future of Education provides a model for discussing the relationship between games and learning. For him, a game is a well-designed learning experience in which you can identify problems, understand them, and solve them.

The true potential of the game has yet to be tapped.

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"The" sense of play "is everywhere"

The game Pikmin 3.

When it comes to video games, many people’s first reaction is to be addicted and unable to withdraw. They believe that online games can easily lead to negative problems such as declining academic performance or reduced work efficiency, poor eyesight, and withdrawn personality. Is this our misunderstanding of games?

James Paul Gee (author of Games Change Learning: Game Literacy, Critical Thinking, and Education for the Future): People become addicted to anything that brings pleasure, especially when it makes up something that is not there in life. However, pleasure is an important human driver. Without pleasure, one would not want to learn.If we need to deal with a variety of addictive behaviors, we need to identify what the addict is missing in real life and help them find it.In addition, we also need to learn how to make powerful technologies benefit lives rather than harm them.

When my son Sam was six years old, he played a game called Pikmin, which was designed by Shigeru Miyamoto in 2001. You may not know who Shigeru Miyamoto is, but his masterpiece is the famous Super Mario. In Pikmin, the player takes on the role of Captain Olima, whose spaceship crashes to an unknown planet due to a comet impact. Olima can only survive for 30 days, and within 30 days, he must find the missing spaceship parts and escape from the planet. The game sounded interesting, but after watching his grandson play for a few hours, Sam’s grandfather commented, "Although it may be good for the child’s eye-hand coordination, it’s a waste of time because the game has nothing worth learning."This is also a typical misconception that important knowledge is often gained from the subjects taught in schools, and the rest is just "meaningless entertainment". But in fact, games can also generate knowledge.

Jing Sun (Translator of "Games Change Learning: Game Literacy, Critical Thinking, and Future Education"): From the perspective of consumption, in our traditional culture, games and work learning are a set of binary opposing expressions, and this evaluation of traditional games has more or less influenced people’s views on digital games. From the perspective of production, although people currently know that games can play serious functions other than entertainment, and can be used in various scenarios such as education and medical care, there are very few such game products, and the public does not have much access to such games.

Furthermore, contemporary attitudes towards games are mainly divided into "addiction school" and "addiction school". It is obvious that the "addiction school" misunderstands games and advocates that all games are bad. On the contrary, the "addiction school" exaggerates the entertainment function of games and believes that all games are good.Both views are also generational differences between "digital natives" and "digital refugees," but both views are misconceptions of gaming, and ultimately a lack of adequate game literacy.

Upper Study: Game literacy is a very important concept proposed by Professor Ji in the book. What is game literacy?

James Paul Gee: When people play video games, they are learning a new kind of literacy. As an important part of digital literacy, game literacy is not just the ability to understand the game or play the game, but the ability of the player as an active participant to "control" the game symbol system in turn. In the process of playing, the player can not stop at "input" – one-way passive acceptance of the game content, but also be able to "output" – active and critical gaming experience.

In the book, I distinguish between "lowercase games," which are the software you play, and "uppercase games," which are not just the software but also the social interactions and social resources that go with it, so that players can put the game into a social context, go beyond the game itself and reflect on it, discuss it, and even modify it.What we should be focusing on is "capital games," that is, games and all the social elements associated with them. Now, players make this very clear.

Sun Jing: As far as the term "game literacy" is concerned, Professor Ji has laid a solid theoretical foundation for this concept from the perspective of linguistics and pedagogy, which is also the biggest gain I have gained from translating this book. I believe that game literacy is an active and critical game experience. One is the ability to read games, emphasizing the evaluation of games for specific game works, and to understand games in specific social and cultural contexts. The other is the ability to use game writing, that is, to modify and create games, and eventually to use games to express themselves.

When it comes to reading and writing, we usually think of words. Can games become the same medium as words?

Sun Jing: Of course, and it has already happened. In short, game thinking is a way of thinking that solves problems through trial and error, with initiative, exploration, and criticism.Today’s young people are all "game generation", growing up in the infiltration of games. Through games, they can understand traditional media such as literature, television, film, painting, etc. It can be said that the "sense of game" is everywhere, becoming a way for them to understand the world.

James Paul Gee: We’ve known for a long time that people can learn from all kinds of media experiences, just as they learn from real-world experiences. It’s true that sometimes they can’t remember whether what they’re learning came from the real world or from a medium. Games are also gradually becoming a medium like books, and have a deeper impact on people than books. In other words,Books can tell us what an electron is, but games can make us an electron.

"The Secret of the Game"

Laura in the game Tomb Raider: The Last Revelation.

Upper Study: Not everyone who plays games is successful in translating the advantages that come from gaming into their daily lives. What’s going on with some deep gamers who benefit from gaming, while others run into trouble?

James Paul Gee: The same is true for books. What you get out of a book depends on what you read, how you read it, and who you read or discuss with. Compared to other types of reading, a romance novel may not be "spiritual food for thought and practice."But if you read it with a critical perspective and "read it like an author," thinking in your head how to use it, how to change it, how to make it a spiritual imagination, then novels like this can also pay off.

Sun Jing: This is still related to game literacy. If you passively accept the content conveyed by game producers and game works, then players will still have nothing to gain except entertainment pleasure. Even hard-core players, some people are just immersed in the game, excessive consumption of time and money, affecting real life; while others may repeatedly refine strategies, optimize tactics, and become world esports champions. If you want to gain something from the game, you must have enough critical thinking and game literacy, be able to understand the game, and more advanced, be able to use the technical language of the game to solve real life problems.

Upper Study: Whether it is learning or gaming, difficulty and skills are the key parameters. In games, it is very common to not give up even if you are turned into a slag in seconds, and it is very common to not sleep until you complete the level. Why can players enjoy immersing themselves in the game, but be hesitant to learn?

James Paul Gee: This can be called the secret of games. I’ve played a lot of games and found that a good game has a characteristic: almost every problem has multiple solutions. Players can choose strategies that suit their learning, thinking, and acting styles, which is a great motivator and a rich resource for reflecting on their behavior and problem-solving. I wrote this book to help people uncover this secret, find effective ways to coordinate game skills and task difficulty, and then apply the corresponding game thinking to learning to make learning fun and effective.

Upper Study: Professor Ji mentioned in the book that one of the spiritual cores of the game is critical reflection. How is criticism reflected in the game?

James Paul Gee: I had this experience in the game Tomb Raider: The Last Revelation. You play as Lara, a teenage girl, who follows an archaeologist, Professor von Croix, on an expedition through a Cambodian temple. The professor once told Lara to follow him and not stray from his path. But I found that if you follow the professor’s orders, you risk missing out on a lot of hidden treasure. Good games have a mechanism that encourages players to try, question and break the rules, and such experiences not only enhance the fun of the game, but also cultivate critical thinking.In this way, players no longer rely on various operation guides, get rid of the established routine of completing tasks, and even jump out of the rules. They will also reflect on the values that the entire game mechanism has shaped.

Jing Sun: It can be said that critical reflection underpins game thinking. In fact, critical reflection may not have been ubiquitous in the general public at every stage of history, from Plato’s "The Parable of the Cave" to Kant and Foucault’s "What is Enlightenment". At present, people are faced with too much information, and the discourse of power operates in more subtle ways in daily life, which can also affect the way some people understand the world. Because of this, we need to emphasize the cultivation of critical thinking.

James Paul Gee: Just to add that critical thinking is not the same in different fields of knowledge and practice, for any branch of science, law, game design, or gardening. Critical thinking involves understanding how to make and use knowledge, principles, and methods in a given field to discover, to criticize, and to solve problems. In order to produce critical thinking in any meaningful dimension, we need to teach people how to acquire knowledge in that field, for example, the spread of viruses, the nature of video games, or the role of government, and how to use that knowledge to cooperate with people to solve problems and reach effective criticism,The purpose of criticism is to construct, not to destroy. We need to use knowledge as a tool, not rote for exams.

"The game is always changing."

But the problem we have to face is that the game industry is mixed, and not all games are suitable for teenagers. What kind of digital games can have great appeal and practical benefits for children?

James Paul Gee: Like choosing a book, teenagers are left to decide on their own which games are good. In any case, we want teenagers not to jump in without thinking, but to think like designers and ultimately learn to "design" their lives with their own experiences, using a variety of different tools and effective ways to become good people. They will also become teachers and parents, and hopefully they will be able to "design" quality experiences for their children and students.

We can learn from games that schools should not be designed as warehouses of past knowledge, but as a source of imagination that can make life and society better.

Jing Sun: The quality of game works is uneven, which is normal, because novels, movies and other art works also have the same problem. Teenagers are still in the stage of exploring the world and learning to learn, so it is not suitable for game products that emphasize consumption. Consumption here includes both money consumption and time consumption. Therefore, video games that emphasize exploration and creation with one-time payment are more suitable for teenagers to play.

As for how we can learn from good video games to design learning models and education systems, Professor Ji gives a detailed answer in the book. He lists 36 principles, including building situations, encouraging exploration, and understanding fun groups. This kind of education can not only make children feel interesting and learn knowledge, but more importantly, it can cultivate their way of thinking, which will benefit them for life.

The current challenge we are facing is how to use the unique projective identity of games to construct meaningful "second classrooms" outside of school education and in the game world. This poses a challenge to current game design. Can we change the crude way of mass production of games that look at money, and make games that are not only formal and slogans, but also thought-provoking?

James Paul Gee: I talk a lot about projected identity in my books. Projected identity in a video game is when the player projects their identity on a virtual character or stand-in, performing some form of action, and the player accepts the stand-in’s values, goals, and identity.I believe that we are also adapting to our new identities in the real world in the same way. If we want to learn science, we need to accept being a scientist before we can really use scientific knowledge in depth.

Developing a science game is easier for students to experience as a scientist than learning, at least in the United States. In reality, however, schools can do the same if the school space is properly adjusted to have a strong interaction with the world outside the school, the virtual world, the simulation world and the game world.

We need to change not only the profit-driven approach to the mass production of games, but also current classroom teaching and schooling to develop problem-solving strategies and plan for an entirely new future. In the United States, this often stems from the need for standardization and profit in the textbook industry, at the expense of critical thinking and problem-solving. Putting multiple design technologies (including literacy) at the service of design thinking, problem-solving in deep collaboration, and ensuring that we all serve in a rapidly changing, high-stakes complex world will only get better when people discover the importance of this approach. For now, we must pay more attention to the future and use the past to imagine the future, otherwise we humans will not have the future.

Driven by the digital revolution, new technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and artificial intelligence (AI) are changing the learning environment. Will games under the new technologies affect people’s learning ability more deeply?

James Paul Gee: It’s critical for people to realize that digital games are a very cutting-edge and rapidly changing technology. If you compare games from 1995 to games today, there are a lot of differences between the two. New game genres are being discovered and made. The types of games we’ve made, maybe only 1% of future games, still have a lot of room for imagination and creativity. Games are always changing, and this trend will continue as games merge with other technologies like VR, AR, and AI. Emerging social games and cooperative games will also be developed. This is a powerful technology that is undoubtedly critical to economic, cultural, and even social development.

People need to realise that when it comes to books, most of what they hear are "bestsellers". However, there is an important and growing industry of indie games that make games from the fields of art, medicine, design, science, collective intelligence and more. Above all, it is important to realise what digital game technology really means. It is a virtual imagination, based on important choices, strategic thinking and learning from failure. It is also an external active imagination, based on well-designed and carefully directed virtual experiences that allow players to merge their identity with real-world experiences.

Sun Jing: I also think that the answer is yes. In the real world, learning resources and feedback cycles are limited, and games can create more diverse and rich learning scenarios by simulating reality and fiction. For example, there are VR games that specifically train medical students to perform surgery, which can provide operators with real-time feedback and accurately complete surgical training.

Good games typically convey knowledge and shape people’s way of thinking, while good educational games can also stimulate interest in learning, create a more immersive learning environment, and provide a more fulfilling formative evaluation.With them, you and I can not only become the "number one player", but also benefit our future learning and lifelong education.

"Games Change Learning: Game Literacy, Critical Thinking, and the Future of Education"

?By James Paul Gee

Translated by Sun Jing

East China Normal University Press

1905 movie network feature After flipping through the 2023 calendar page by page, we have come to the end of November. In the remaining two months of 2023, more than 30 new films have been officially finalized.

2023 is a year of rapid recovery of the film market, but also a year of frequent explosions in the film market. In 2023, the total box office of the film is about to break through the 50 billion mark. What kind of expectations will the upcoming more than 30 new films bring to the audience?

01.Drama bone drama, theme surprise, detonation of November movie viewing expectations

Among the many movies to be shown in November, the genres can be said to cover all aspects, including action, comedy, suspense, love and other genres. Among them, the two movies with the highest number of people wanting to see in November are and.

2023 is known as the golden year of crime films. Whether it is a hit film or a film with high social discussion, it has attracted the attention of the audience.

On the one hand, "Involved in the Sea of Anger" took advantage of this year’s crime film boom, and on the other hand, it played the first warning in the history of the Chinese mainland screen "It is recommended that audiences under the age of 18 watch as appropriate". The combination of the two greatly raised the audience’s expectations for the scale and plot of the film.

The release of the clips of the blockbuster drama with the two of them made the spiciness of this "sea of anger" pervade the audience in advance.

In the film, Huang Bo seems to have returned to the oily-faced underclass people of the era. Freed from the shackles of the social middle class, when he saw his daughter who was stabbed 17 times lying cold in front of him, he once again issued a cry of grief from the bottom of his life.

And Zhou Xun also swept away the cool and artistic screen image in recent years, playing a mother who guards her son and is almost crazy.

As the scenes of the two opposing and killing each other in the film are released one by one, the final outcome of the showdown between the two "ruthless people" is gradually becoming the most anticipated flashpoint for the audience.

Another highly anticipated film, "I Am High Mountain," is based on the touching story of Zhang Guimei, a teacher in the mountainous area, who helps female students in the mountainous area get out of the mountains.

In the trailer released so far, Haiqing’s high degree of restoration of the image of Principal Zhang has become an important reason for the soaring number of people in the film. This restoration is not only the closeness of the image, but also the inconvenient legs of Principal Zhang and the slightly hunched waist have permeated Haiqing’s performance.

In addition to stripping away the restoration of images and stories, the most anticipated reason for "I Am a Mountain" is that it records Zhang Guimei’s state of mind and thinking as a woman in the dead of night.

Did she regret her choice? Did she ever hesitate for a moment when she understood her mission as a teacher? These true reflections on Zhang Guimei’s life are also worth the audience’s expectation.

02.Movie model workers and leading year-end Chinese films

In terms of filmmakers, two movie models emerged – Zhang Yi and Andy Lau, who each have three films to be screened at the end of the year.

Zhang Yi, who focuses on the keyword "breaking the comfort zone". His three pending films are family road movies, spy mystery movies and crime movies.

In "Priceless Treasure," Zhang Yi plays a low-class person who is forced to take care of the daughter of a creditor during the process of demanding wages, and in the process plays many stories of warm Maimai. Zhang Yi’s role as a "father" for the first time on the big screen is worth watching. How he will perform it is worth the audience’s expectation.

From the genre point of view, "The Tip of the Knife" is more like a combination of harmony. In this comfort zone of Zhang Yi, whether he will try a new type of performance, and how to interpret the complex role of "Jin Shenshui" into various levels, is the most worthy proposition for Zhang Yi fans.

In "Three Battalions," the most talked-about of the three films to be released, he will continue the "unsuccessful" police officer image of the 2023 blockbuster drama, playing a police officer who has gone from high-spirited and domineering to cautious but still passionate.

At the same time, he will also play on the same screen in "Three Battalions", and the continuation of the front line between the two has caused the film to have enough "tap water" attention before it was released.

On the other hand, Andy Lau’s keyword at the end of the year is "new classics".

Among his three pending films is a comedy, directed by Mr. Lau, who will work together again 18 years later. In "Mr. Red Carpet," a darkly humorous adaptation of 999 true events, Andy Lau makes his superstar debut and introduces various ironic episodes on the road to stardom. He removes some of the fig leaf of the entertainment industry and aims to provide the entertainment industry with a pot of "steaming" hot reviews.

In his old business, Hong Kong films, he is also about to sweep away the rumors and gloom of "Hong Kong films are dead" and contribute ultra-high-quality performances in Hezhong.

In "Goldfinger", the audience will see Andy Lau and the same frame after 20 years of absence. After the baptism of time in the film market for 20 years, this time the audience will have a deep look back on the feelings of Hong Kong films.

"Stealth" staged a wonderful drama of three generations of Hong Kong people, which is a powerful shot in the arm for the revitalization of Hong Kong films.

Looking at the film market in 2023, box office results and audience satisfaction are constantly refreshing new highs. As of now, the total box office of domestic films is only one step away from 50 billion, but the expectations of all filmmakers and audiences for the achievements of Chinese films in 2023 are far more than 50 billion.

Among the more than 30 films to be screened at the end of 2023, we are looking forward to new dark horses coming out, and we also hope that the strongest team of Chinese films can keep pace with the times and keep close to the audience’s ideas and preferences. We also hope that after healthy competition, the blooming Chinese films can drive the market to heat up again and warm the cold winter of 2023.

??Movie Network News(Photo/Film Festival News Team) On June 13, during the 12th Shanghai International Film Festival, the new drama promotion and star signing ceremony of Shanghai Film Emperor Cultural Development Co., Ltd. was held in Shanghai. Yang Shoucheng, chairman of Emperor Group, Ren Zhonglun, president of Shanghai Film Company, and actors Hu Ge, Zhang Meng and Zhang Shi were on hand to witness Han Xue becoming the first contracted artist of Shanghai Film Emperor. Han Xue and Zhang Meng, two actresses, one in pink and the other sexy and sultry, each made a high-profile appearance and staged a "favorite show". The handsome Hu Ge said at the scene that the role he most wanted to play was a eunuch, which was "surprising".

Han Xue

Zhang Meng

Han Xue’s pink skirt is cute, Zhang Meng’s cleavage is sexy and sultry

??On the day of the press conference, Han Xue, who has always been depicted as a jade girl, was dressed in a short skirt with slanted shoulders, a large ruffle and a bow to set off her chest and waist, and pink shoes. With long hair with bangs, she looked pink and cute in front of her. Han Xue said that this hairstyle was just cut by her for this signing ceremony, indicating that everything has to start again. At the same time, she also said that she has been waiting for this opportunity for many years to develop in film.

??The other actress present, Zhang Meng, took the opposite route. A super low-cut gold dress exposed her cleavage, and with long curly hair, she looked sexy and enchanting. After the press conference, neither of them left immediately, each occupying a corner, constantly cooperating with the media to take various poses to take pictures, and "stealing the camera" was very happy.

Hu Ge

Zhang Shi

General Hu Ge blew himself up and wanted to play eunuch Zhang Shi, saying that if he became popular, the price would increase

??In the three years since its establishment, the Shanghai Film Emperor has filmed many high-quality film and television dramas, including the 2008 billion-dollar box office movie "Slam Dunk" starring Jay Chou. In 2009, the Shanghai Film Emperor invested over 100 million yuan to produce and distribute the first domestic TV drama "Myth" with Jackie Chan as the director and Tang Jili as the artistic director. Starring is Hu Ge, Bai Bing, Zhang Meng, Zhang Shi and many other stars.

??Hu Ge played the general Jackie Chan once played in the movie version of "Myth" in the TV series version, and there will naturally be many big plays. "I have a lot of fun playing this character, because when I don’t lose, I win every time." Although he said it proudly, Hu Ge admitted that he actually wanted to play the eunuch played by Zhang Shi the most. "I especially want to play his role. This character is a chef in modern society, a good person who is honest and honest. But in the Qin Dynasty, because he is" unfamiliar with the place ", he was bullied and his personality gradually twisted. Eventually, he became the notorious eunuch Zhao Gao in history. With such a big contrast, it is very challenging."

??Hearing this, Zhang Shi, who was on the side, showed a surprised expression, and then said, "I also really want to play the role of Hu Ge. In fact, I want to have his appearance, how handsome he is." Although the play was not finished, Zhang Shi was full of confidence in the future prospects, and he joked and asked for a "salary increase" on the spot. "I believe that with such a good script and team, we will definitely be popular if we play" Myth ". Sorry, my salary will go up in the future."

[Movie Network] www.1905.com exclusive manuscript, please indicate the source when reprinting!

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When it comes to pickup trucks, a few years ago, people always had the impression that they were tall and powerful, imagining American farmers driving and living a happy life in the garden. Just after the launch of the (picture | configuration | inquiry) series, its rich models fully meet the needs of commercial and professional players, and now it has become the representative of domestic high-end pickup trucks. We can drive it through the desert and mud, and its rich models are enough to meet multiple use scenarios. At this exhibition, the gun brought a brand-new model named "",and we soon had the opportunity to give it a try.

big gunLowest selling price: 91,800; highest price reduction: 0.85 million.

Picture parameter configuration inquiry reserve price

Know the car points3.69Know the car and measure itSpace, performance, etcCheyouquan61,000 riders are hot.Used car72,000 vehicles | 127 vehicles

The artillery is built on the platform of "",which adopts a single row short wheelbase design and can only have two drivers and passengers. Its length, width and height are 4963/1975/1950mm, its wheelbase is 2745mm, its approach angle is 34 degrees, and its departure angle is 26 degrees. The design of short wheelbase greatly improves the passability of the whole vehicle. And with nitrogen shock absorption, the minimum ground clearance is 249mm, and the maneuverability and flexibility of the whole vehicle have also been effectively improved.

The artillery uses the Bailuchi KO2 tire, which is an ALL-TERRAIN tire (commonly known as AT tire) that is very popular among off-road modification enthusiasts. At the same time, this car is equipped with off-road suits such as front winch and wading throat, which makes its off-road performance more outstanding.

At the same time, the gun also has great modification potential. It has reserved five modification interfaces, including roof spotlights, engine room maintenance lights, walkie-talkie reservation, cargo box lighting and power supply modification, and these modification positions have reserved electrical switches, which is more safe and convenient. At the same time, it also comes standard with a 2.5-ton trailer device.

The length, width and height of the container are 1760/1520/540mm, which has excellent loading capacity and also supports the modification of capping. Especially in the off-road vehicle team, it is really suitable to be a support car.

The interior design of the gun is very primitive, the instrument adopts traditional mechanical type, and the audio head also adopts traditional radio and MP3, and the storage compartment left under it can also be used for loading platform or upgrading the original large-screen navigation.

The seat is made of fabric, and the main and auxiliary drivers are manually adjusted. But for cross-country enthusiasts, it really doesn’t matter.

In terms of power, the gun uses a 2.0T engine, with a maximum power of 218 HP and a peak torque of 380N·m, which matches the part-time 4wd of Borgwarner and the electronically controlled differential lock of the front and rear axles, with outstanding off-road performance.

The four-wheel drive mode knob of artillery includes three types: two-wheel drive, low-speed four-wheel drive and high-speed four-wheel drive, and it has three locks and an ultra-short wheelbase, which is more suitable for sand, snow, mud and narrow jungle roads. Driving modes include seven all-terrain driving modes: economy/standard/sport/snow/mud/sand /4L.

In the process of our test drive, the short body of the gun, coupled with the blessing of AT tires, is not only very calm in the face of steep slopes, but also does not have to worry about being in the air like a "balance" at the top of the slope.

In the process of jungle shuttle, it often passes through narrow corners, and the artillery becomes much more flexible in this process. In the process of our test drive, it is even more possible to leave the off-road guns with double typesetting far behind.

It is also very simple to pass through the side slope, basically determining the direction, and the rest can be controlled by the throttle. However, this kind of working condition is relatively the advantage of long wheelbase, which can bring better stability, and the body is more stable when going uphill or downhill sideways, and it is not easy to roll over. However, the difficulty in our cross-country venue is far from being achieved.

The test drive site is also a muddy section that has just rained, and this set of Bailuchi K02 tires also shows excellent grip. The four-wheel drive system can intervene quickly when the wheels slip. In the face of this road section, it is almost effortless, and there is almost no idling of the tires. The overall performance is excellent.

big gunLowest selling price: 91,800; highest price reduction: 0.85 million.

Picture parameter configuration inquiry reserve price

Know the car points3.69Know the car and measure itSpace, performance, etcCheyouquan61,000 riders are hot.Used car72,000 vehicles | 127 vehicles

Summary: Gun, as a vehicle series, was also shown at the test drive meeting, which means that a motorcycle can be loaded in the container, and it supports automatic lifting and loading and unloading functions, which greatly improves the convenience. As far as guns are concerned, the off-road guns, brigade guns and electric guns derived from them are unexpected and impossible. Therefore, at present, guns can achieve monthly sales of over 10,000 yuan, and the whole pickup series has achieved the first sales in export, which has become a matter of course. In short, in addition to SUVs, pickup trucks are no longer limited to the "tool" attribute, but really provide a platform with high playability for enthusiasts. How to change it is up to you.

　　Recently, a news about the "Barrier-Free Day" has caused heated discussions on the Internet, and many netizens have asked: What is the "Barrier-Free Day"? The reporter learned that Ele.me recently announced that August 7 will be designated as the "Barrier-Free Day", and will send benefits to visually impaired users every year from this year.

　　On the day of the free-order festival, the platform offers free-order for visually impaired users: no need to guess the answer, no need to grab time, and no total quota. The first catering order of the day can be free of charge for up to 39 yuan. This is also the second consecutive year that Ele.me has launched a special free-order event for visually impaired users.

　　The sense of participation of minorities, that is, the responsibility of marketing activities

　　According to the data released by the China Disabled Persons’ Federation, the total number of disabled people in our country has exceeded 85 million. The number is huge, but they are rarely seen – because they rarely go out. Because of this, the issue of disabled people has always been a hot topic of attention from all walks of life in the country and society.

　　According to data, more than half of visually impaired people choose to order takeout to solve their daily diet, and more than 70% of visually impaired users use Ele.me. The large visually impaired group relies heavily on takeout apps, so Ele.me has always paid great attention to the experience of visually impaired users, gained insight into the needs of the disabled group, and carried out many benefits and activities for visually impaired users to send warmth to everyone.

　　Barrier-free environment is an important basic condition for facilitating the full participation of special groups such as the disabled, the sick, the elderly, and the young in social life. At the same time, it is also a key factor in improving the quality of life and service level in urban environments.

　　"Will there be free Ele.me this year? There was one last year, and now it’s almost that time again." A user named "Star Magic" posted a question on the Zhidu forum, an online community for the visually impaired. Their discussion has been followed by Ele.me.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of Ele.me, this year’s free-order rules are similar to those of last year. Since Ele.me cannot directly identify visually impaired users, users who have opened the Ele.me App using screen-reading software between July 5 and August 5 (this is the operation of visually impaired people using mobile phones) will automatically enjoy free-order eligibility.

　　Zhao Zhiguo, spokesperson for the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, recently mentioned that we will continue to promote the results of information accessibility construction and guide 1,735 mainstream commonly used websites and mobile apps to complete the senior-friendly transformation. The implementation of a series of relevant policies and regulations has provided a strong guarantee for the construction of a barrier-free environment in our country, helping all sectors of society to actively participate in the construction of a barrier-free environment and improve the well-being of the people with disabilities.

　　The benefits are not closed, and the care is not stopped. "Last year’s free-order activity for visually impaired users received a very enthusiastic response. Recently, we also saw some netizens concerned about the situation this year in the forum for visually impaired people." The original intention of the free-order activity is to make more people happy, and we will not forget visually impaired users this year, and plan to stick to it every year. "

　　Welfare is one aspect, and more importantly, visually impaired people believe that they are cared for and valued, which is the reason why they are happier.

　　In recent years, our country has continued to introduce relevant policies to promote the construction of barrier-free facilities and services. On June 28, at the third meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People’s Congress, the Barrier-free Environment Construction Law was officially voted and will come into effect on September 1, 2023, providing a strong legal guarantee for the construction of barrier-free environment in our country.

　　From a business perspective, due to the small user base, most companies rarely launch targeted product launches and activities for visually impaired people, making it difficult to customize activities that suit their experience.

　　Therefore, in some large-scale marketing activities, under the conditions permitted by the platform or enterprise capabilities, it is a useful exploration to integrate activities that are more convenient for visually impaired users to participate in. When more and more enterprises join, they can enhance the consensus of disadvantaged groups in social care.

　　As some netizens said in a message, the social treatment of minorities is a silhouette of the degree of civilization in a society. To pay attention to them is to pay attention to everyone, because anyone may become a minority.

　　From helping popular science to supporting merchants, the sense of social responsibility of "playing" free of charge

　　In fact, although giving benefits is a public welfare activity, it hides the attribute of "popular science" behind it. Since the main activity of free shopping is "guessing the answer and free shopping", Ele.me invited many professional institutions, experts and scholars to pose questions, and developed it into a large-scale popular science platform with the help of the traffic of the event itself.

　　For example, on July 20, "China Aerospace News" was invited to publish a popular science project about China’s lunar exploration project, and Shanghai Fire Protection also published a popular science topic about the "trivia" that cannot be placed in the home at will, which is easy to cause fires.

Aerospace experts pose a popular science question about China’s moon landing plan

　　There are also institutions such as Qingdao Anti-Fraud Center, Jinan Ecological Environment Bureau, and China Packaging Federation, which have been invited to provide happy popular science for netizens in the form of questions. The fields are diverse enough, the content is practical enough, and the interaction is interesting enough, so that the participants can sow the seeds of knowledge and curiosity in an unconsciously happy atmosphere.

　　This type of activity exploration has given special groups a sense of inclusive participation, allowing platform companies to root their business development in social needs. This has undoubtedly opened up avenues for other platforms and brands, providing an excellent reference sample.

　　At the same time, free shopping also effectively promotes consumption and drives the growth of merchant orders. Last year’s free shopping activities led to the recovery of orders from a large number of merchants in Shanghai, Changsha and other places. This year, Ele.me invited the Jinzhou Municipal Bureau of Commerce to issue a question to promote Jinzhou BBQ. The topic of Weibo #Jinzhou is the ceiling of the barbecue industry #boarded the hot search, and the reading volume exceeded 110 million that day.

　　Compared with last year, the number of merchants benefiting from free orders this year has increased significantly. The latest disclosure data of Ele.me shows that since the opening of the free order activity on June 21, the participating merchants have exceeded 1.50 million, which is 2.5 times more than last year’s 600,000.

　　The inspiration of free-order public welfare: looking forward to many parties working together to "create festivals"

　　In addition to targeting visually impaired groups, Ele.me also collaborates with merchants to provide benefits to outdoor workers in many places through free-of-charge activities. For example, starting from July 15, Ele.me started a series of cool-off activities in Guangzhou, going to the construction site of Guangzhou Metro Fangbai Intercity Rail Project in Baiyunrenhe to distribute free cold drinks to subway workers who are struggling on the front line. At the same time, Ele.me also set up "cool stations" in many places in Guangzhou, distributing 10,000 free ice drinks for outdoor workers to receive for free; in order to allow workers to survive the hot and hot summer season, on July 23, Ele.me and Zhengzhou Federation of Trade Unions sent hundreds of watermelons weighing about 1,000 kilograms to outdoor workers to relieve the heat and so on at the Huaibei Community Love Station of Huaihe Road Street Office, Erqi District.

　　In fact, the free-order form has a certain appeal to any consumer. It allows consumers to intuitively see the discounts and profits on real money, and there are no extra routines, so it is a success for brands. And if you want to achieve long-term benefits through the free-order economy, you must also focus on higher social value dimensions. The plan given by Ele.me is to combine its own business conduct with social responsibility, and drive merchants to invest in it, laying a solid foundation for the long-term sustainability of its model.

　　As a platform enterprise in the field of local instant e-commerce, Ele.me pays attention to the product experience and well-being of visually impaired people. It can be seen that it has always rooted its business value in social needs, and has therefore harvested good social feedback and market data. Sorting through media reports in recent years, it can be seen that Ele.me is not a whim to create a festival for visually impaired users. In March 2023, Ele.me App was awarded the first batch of excellent cases of Internet application senior-friendly and barrier-free transformation. In addition, Ele.me continues to realize the dreams of visually impaired users by supporting blind school teams and holding blind e-sports competitions.

　　Making benefits for visually impaired users fixed as a festival not only allows more visually impaired people to be seen, but also expresses Ele.me’s firm determination to appeal for the rights and interests of visually impaired people. This can not only drive more brands to participate, but also play a demonstration role in society and build a broader consensus. Perhaps we can imagine that there will be a large number of brands in the future to create a lifestyle consumption festival for visually impaired people.

　　Ele.me said that only when the government, platforms, merchants and other parties work together can the value of the festival be maximized and a sustainable state of long-term development be formed. Ele.me will continue to work with all partners in the ecological chain to make more visually impaired people visible and valued through technological innovation, unique business gameplay and other forms.

　　Reporter | Han Donglin

　　Intern reporter | Tian Mi

　　The picture shows the Milky Way observed in the infrared band. The picture is from the 2MASS Sky Survey project. The pictures are all stitched together from multiple observations. Due to the interstellar extinction in the optical band, it can be seen that the image of the Milky Way in the optical band is light and dark.

　　The Milky Way is like humanity’s "most familiar stranger". After more than 200 years of hard work, we still haven’t fully seen its face. A new study has brought us one step closer to the true appearance of the Milky Way.

　　On a clear night, looking up at the stars, you will see a milky white bright band running through the night sky, which is the home of hundreds of billions of stars, including the sun – the Milky Way.

　　Since more than 200 years ago, people have been trying to understand the structure of the Milky Way.

　　This is not simple, not only because we are in it, but also because various interstellar media interfere with people’s vision and obscure the true appearance of the Milky Way.

　　Recently, researchers at the National Astronomical Observatory have measured the latest hydrogen column density and optical extinction ratio in the Milky Way. This work will help to understand the interstellar medium and is a crucial step in the journey to understanding the structure of the Milky Way.

　　The sun is not the center of the galaxy

　　In the 17th century, Galileo pointed his telescope at the milky band of light in the sky and found that it was a dense region of stars. In the mid-18th century, the Englishman Wright proposed the Milky Way Conjecture, which believed that the Milky Way is like a flat lens, and the sun is only one of the stars in it.

　　The first person to paint a portrait of the Milky Way was the Englishman William Herschel. The 18th-century astronomer built the largest telescope of his time and discovered Uranus. He also focused on the stellar world. After many years of observation, he drew a map of the structure of the Milky Way in 1785, based on the number of stars in all directions in the sky. Unable to determine the distances of distant stars, Herschel assumed that all stars in the sky had the same luminous ability and estimated their distances to Earth based on the actual observed brightness of the stars. His "portrait" of the Milky Way was flat, with an irregular profile, and the sun was located in the center of the Milky Way. Herschel used statistical methods to confirm the hypothesis that the Milky Way is a flat disk for the first time, thus establishing the concept of the Milky Way for the first time.

　　In 1906, the Dutch astronomer Kaptan proposed a "selection plan" to re-examine the structure of the Milky Way. His model of the Milky Way was similar to that of Herschel: the sun was centered, the stars in the center were dense, and the edges were sparse.

　　Almost at the same time as Captan, the American astronomer Shapley also began to study the structure of the Milky Way. The discovery of Cepheid variables made it possible for scientists to accurately determine the distances of celestial bodies. Shapley determined the distances of Cepheid variables in globular clusters to Earth based on their light change periods, and then studied the structure and size of the Milky Way from the distribution of globular clusters. In 1918, Shapley proposed that the Milky Way is a lenticular star system with its center located in the direction of Sagittarius, rather than the solar system. Later observations gradually proved that Shapley’s model was closer to the real Milky Way, so it is still used today.

　　Interstellar Dust is a "central figure"

　　Obtaining the true structure of the Milky Way is not easy. According to Shapley’s estimate, the size of the Milky Way is 300,000 light-years. According to the state of the art at the time, this was a very accurate estimate. However, this figure is three times the size of the Milky Way in modern measurements. The reason is that Shapley ignored the extinction effect of the interstellar medium on starlight.

　　Space is filled with the interstellar medium. The light emitted by celestial bodies is absorbed or scattered by the interstellar medium before reaching the earth, causing the brightness of the celestial bodies we observe to be dimmer than expected. This process is often called interstellar extinction. The hazy image of the Milky Way in the optical band is the key evidence for the existence of extinction. Therefore, studying interstellar extinction is an important step in obtaining the structure of the Milky Way. Since different components have different extinction values for starlight, extinction research can also help us gain a deeper understanding of the components of the interstellar medium.

　　To understand the structure of the Milky Way is to study the distribution of various substances in the Milky Way. The interstellar medium plays a crucial role in the study of the structure of the Milky Way. In the optical band, extinction is mainly produced by dust in the interstellar medium, and the size of the extinction is affected by the total mass, composition and size of the dust. In the X-ray band, heavy elements that are not fully ionized absorb some of the radiation.

　　Therefore, extinction in the optical band (characterized by extinction in the V-band) can be used to reveal the dust composition in the interstellar medium. The distribution of heavy elements in the interstellar medium can be known from X-ray absorption (expressed by hydrogen column density), and then the total amount of hydrogen in the three states of atoms, molecules and ionization can be obtained according to the specific proportional relationship between heavy elements and hydrogen in the interstellar medium. Through observations in these two bands, scientists can not only know the corresponding structure of the Milky Way, but also study the relationship between dust composition and gas composition. This is why the parameter of hydrogen column density and optical extinction ratio in the Milky Way has attracted much attention.

　　A new understanding of the "most familiar stranger"

　　As early as the 1980s, it was recognized that the hydrogen column density and optical extinction ratio were important for understanding the Milky Way. The current widely used value is still obtained by American scientist Bohlin in 1978. For many years, people have been working to obtain more accurate and reliable results.

　　There are generally three ways to measure this parameter. Usually the measurement of optical extinction is easier, and different methods mainly use different methods to measure the hydrogen column density.

　　The so-called hydrogen column density is assumed to have a column with a fixed cross-sectional area in the line of sight direction, and the amount of hydrogen contained in this column is the hydrogen column density. Bohlin’s method is to estimate the hydrogen column density based on the absorption of neutral hydrogen and molecular hydrogen in the interstellar medium on the spectral lines of stars in the ultraviolet band. The other two methods are to measure the hydrogen column density according to the neutral hydrogen atom and carbon monoxide radiation, and to measure the hydrogen column density according to the absorption of the interstellar medium on the stellar spectrum in the X-ray band. However, due to the complex composition of the interstellar medium and the small and unreliable sample size, the previous measurement results are not satisfactory.

　　The author’s latest work adopts the above third method, that is, the abundance of heavy elements is measured according to the absorption of the X-ray band, and then the hydrogen column density is obtained according to the proportion relationship between heavy elements and gas components. As early as the 1970s, scientists have used this method to study the structure of the Milky Way. However, due to the difficulty of data acquisition, when scientists conducted this study in the past, the sample size was only about 20 at most. In order to expand the sample size, the author’s study for the first time includes the X-ray radiation of supernova remnants, planetary nebulae, and X-ray binaries at the same time. The sample size is expanded to about 100, and the hydrogen column density and optical extinction ratio of the Milky Way are recalculated.

　　The final results show that this ratio does not vary with the spatial location of the interstellar medium, and the mass ratio of gas to dust in the Milky Way obtained by this ratio is about 140. This means that there is more gas in the Milky Way than expected.

　　The Milky Way is a disk with a certain thickness. The latest work also calculated the distribution of hydrogen between two kiloseconds (about 3.26 light-years) and 10 kiloseconds from the center of the galaxy. The research suggests that the disk is denser and decays faster than previously realized. This means that the disk is thinner than previously thought, but denser.

　　The Milky Way is like the "most familiar stranger" to humans – although it is close by, it has been unable to see its face clearly. After more than 200 years of efforts by scientists, the outline of the Milky Way’s structure is becoming clearer and clearer. However, there are still many unsolved mysteries in the Milky Way, and we are still on our way.

　　(The author is a doctoral student at the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences)